Reshaping fecal gut microbiota composition by growing with Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, and Ipomoea aquatica

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 522-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Zheng ◽  
Gengdong Hu ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Liping Qiu ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Polygonum Cuspidatum ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
Ipomoea Aquatica ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
Named Groups ◽  
Group D

We carried out sequencing of samples cultivated in floating beds with different Chinese medicinal herbs (Control, Houttuynia cordata Thunb., Polygonum cuspidatum, and a combination of H. cordata with Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.; named groups A, B, C, D, respectively) to analyze changes in the composition of gut microbiota of tilapia feces. Fusobacteria (ranging from 49.0% to 73.3%), Firmicutes (12.3%–37.8%), and Proteobacteria (5.1%–23.0%) were found to be the most dominant phyla present in all samples. The operational taxonomic units and the Ace and Chao1 indices of groups A and D were significantly higher than those of group C. Polygonum cuspidatum decreased the species richness and diversity of microbial communities in tilapia intestinal feces. The phylum WCHB1-60, order Enterobacteriales, and genus Plesiomonas significantly decreased (in group A); the species Plesiomonas shigelloides significantly decreased (in groups B and C); and the genus Leucobacter significantly increased (in group D) when compared with the control. The relative abundance of the class Verrucomicrobiae (groups B vs C) significantly decreased. In the presence of I. aquatica, the phylum Bacteroidetes significantly decreased, while the genera Leucobacter and Pelotomaculum significantly increased. The ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes was significantly higher in groups B and C relative to the controls, while it decreased significantly in group D. The algae (i.e., Anabaena and Microcystis) and beneficial pathogenic bacteria decreased in groups C and D, respectively. In addition, Enterovibrio decreased in all treatment groups. The present data demonstrate that floating bed cultivation with Chinese medicinal herbs significantly alters the gut microbiota of tilapia, which may enhance its immune activity.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Chinese Medicinal Herbs on Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria and Identification of the Active Components from Gallnuts of Chinese Sumac

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1193-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. Feng ◽  
H. J. Su ◽  
C. T. Chen ◽  
W. C. Ho ◽  
Y. R. Tsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

The aqueous extracts of 30 out of 67 Chinese medicinal herbs were shown to have inhibitory effects on growth of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria by a paper disc diffusion assay. The inhibitory substances with the strongest antibacterial activity were extracted from Chinese sumac gallnut and black myrobalan. The aqueous extract of gallnut inhibited the growth of eight of the tested plant-pathogenic bacteria, and that of black myrobalan inhibited five. The gallnut extract produced at least an 8-mm inhibition zone against Acidovorax citrulli, Ralstonia solanacearum, X. citri pv. citri, and X. euvesicatoria at a 10-fold dilution, and it was still active at 800- to 1,600-fold dilutions. The aqueous extract of gallnut was more inhibitory than the acetone-water extract. To identify the inhibitory compounds in the gallnut aqueous extract, the crude extract was chromatographed over a silica column, and the primary compounds in fractions 3 and 8 were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance as gallic acid and methyl gallate, respectively. The inhibitory effect of methyl gallate on the growth of four plant-pathogenic bacteria was 10 to 80 times that of gallic acid. The minimum inhibition and minimum bactericidal concentration tests showed that the inhibition effect of the original aqueous was higher than that of methyl gallate. These results indicate that methyl gallate in gallnut is an important compound that is inhibitory to plant-pathogenic bacterial growth, and there are other unidentified compounds that are also responsible for the antibacterial effects. This is the first report regarding the antibacterial effects of gallnut extract and its chemical components on plant-pathogenic bacteria.

An assessment of nrITS sequence for use in barcoding traditional Chinese medicinal herbs

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Guo ◽  
S Zhang ◽  
N Yang ◽  
R Yang ◽  
Q Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Nrits Sequence

scholarly journals Intestinal Permeability Is a Mechanical Rheostat in the Pathogenesis of Liver Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6921
Author(s):  
Norihisa Nishimura ◽  
Kosuke Kaji ◽  
Koh Kitagawa ◽  
Yasuhiko Sawada ◽  
Masanori Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Liver Disease Progression ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

Recent studies have suggested that an alteration in the gut microbiota and their products, particularly endotoxins derived from Gram-negative bacteria, may play a major role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Gut dysbiosis caused by a high-fat diet and alcohol consumption induces increased intestinal permeability, which means higher translocation of bacteria and their products and components, including endotoxins, the so-called “leaky gut”. Clinical studies have found that plasma endotoxin levels are elevated in patients with chronic liver diseases, including alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic liver disease. A decrease in commensal nonpathogenic bacteria including Ruminococaceae and Lactobacillus and an overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria such as Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae are observed in cirrhotic patients. The decreased diversity of the gut microbiota in cirrhotic patients before liver transplantation is also related to a higher incidence of post-transplant infections and cognitive impairment. The exposure to endotoxins activates macrophages via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to a greater production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8, which play key roles in the progression of liver diseases. TLR4 is a major receptor activated by the binding of endotoxins in macrophages, and its downstream signal induces proinflammatory cytokines. The expression of TLR4 is also observed in nonimmune cells in the liver, such as hepatic stellate cells, which play a crucial role in the progression of liver fibrosis that develops into hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting the importance of the interaction between endotoxemia and TLR4 signaling as a target for preventing liver disease progression. In this review, we summarize the findings for the role of gut-derived endotoxemia underlying the progression of liver pathogenesis.

Chinese medicinal herbs modulate mutagenesis, DNA binding and metabolism of aflatoxin B1

1992 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Y.Y. Wong ◽  
Benjamin H.S. Lau ◽  
Padma P. Tadi ◽  
Robert W. Teel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs

scholarly journals Treatment of precocious puberty in a McCune–Albright syndrome patient using Chinese medicinal herbs combined with megestrol acetate: A case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Wen Sun ◽  
Yonghong Wang ◽  
Jian Yu ◽  
Min Ji
Keyword(s):  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Bone Dysplasia ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Megestrol Acetate ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Mccune Albright Syndrome ◽  
Activating Mutation ◽  
Albright Syndrome ◽  
Mccune Albright

Introduction: McCune–Albright Syndrome (MAS) is a rare congenital sporadic disorder characterized by fibrous bone dysplasia, café-au-lait pigmented spots on the skin, and non-gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty (PP), which is caused by a postzygotic somatic activating mutation in the GNAS gene encoding the alpha subunit of Gs protein. In our case study, we recorded a girl with the onset of MAS and treated her with Chinese medicinal herbs combined with megestrol acetate. We aim to provide a method for the treatment of children with this rare form of precocious puberty. Case Presention: A 4-year-old girl presented with vaginal bleeding and enlarged breasts. The activating mutation of GNAS was not detected in the patient’s peripheral blood samples, as some had reported. Because of peripheral PP and fibrous dysplasia of the diagnosed bone, the patient was considered as MAS. We chose the Chinese medicinal herbs combined with megestrol acetate for treatment, and the patient was effectively treated. Conclusion: The combination therapy of Chinese medicinal herbs plus megestrol acetate in managing PP in an MAS is one of the useful treatments.

Analgesic effect of extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs Moutan cortex and Coicis semen on neuropathic pain in mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 370 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 130-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Tatsumi ◽  
Tamaki Mabuchi ◽  
Tetsuya Abe ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Toshiaki Minami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽  
Moutan Cortex
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