Inhibitory Effects of Chinese Medicinal Herbs on Plant-Pathogenic Bacteria and Identification of the Active Components from Gallnuts of Chinese Sumac

The aqueous extracts of 30 out of 67 Chinese medicinal herbs were shown to have inhibitory effects on growth of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria by a paper disc diffusion assay. The inhibitory substances with the strongest antibacterial activity were extracted from Chinese sumac gallnut and black myrobalan. The aqueous extract of gallnut inhibited the growth of eight of the tested plant-pathogenic bacteria, and that of black myrobalan inhibited five. The gallnut extract produced at least an 8-mm inhibition zone against Acidovorax citrulli, Ralstonia solanacearum, X. citri pv. citri, and X. euvesicatoria at a 10-fold dilution, and it was still active at 800- to 1,600-fold dilutions. The aqueous extract of gallnut was more inhibitory than the acetone-water extract. To identify the inhibitory compounds in the gallnut aqueous extract, the crude extract was chromatographed over a silica column, and the primary compounds in fractions 3 and 8 were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance as gallic acid and methyl gallate, respectively. The inhibitory effect of methyl gallate on the growth of four plant-pathogenic bacteria was 10 to 80 times that of gallic acid. The minimum inhibition and minimum bactericidal concentration tests showed that the inhibition effect of the original aqueous was higher than that of methyl gallate. These results indicate that methyl gallate in gallnut is an important compound that is inhibitory to plant-pathogenic bacterial growth, and there are other unidentified compounds that are also responsible for the antibacterial effects. This is the first report regarding the antibacterial effects of gallnut extract and its chemical components on plant-pathogenic bacteria.

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Allelopathic Potential of Papaver Somniferum L. on Seed Germination Against Three Different Varities of Zea Mays

10.21203/rs.3.rs-181838/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muntaha Tul Sidra ◽

SAYEDA SARAH MUBARAK ◽

FATIMA KHAN SHERWANI ◽

NAZMA AZEEM

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Water Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Papaver Somniferum ◽

Hot Water ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Hot Water Extract

Abstract Aims To evaluate the allelopathic effect of Papaver somniferum against the 3 varieties of Zea mays seeds cv. Azam, Pahari and Iqbal. Methods Aqueous extracts were made by soaking the powder of dried leaves of Papaver somniferum. For the aqueous extract treatment, the extract was soaked in distilled water for 24 and 48 hours separately. For mulching treatment, the seeds were sowed in soil and sprinkled powder of leaves. For litter, the petri dishes were grounded with randomly cut pieces of filter paper wetted with extract. For hot water treatment the water was boiled for 5 minutes. The powder was then mixed in boil water. Results Azam got effected in 24h extract in aqueous extract treatment while Pahari in 48h treatment. In mulching all the three varieties got inhibited by extract. Azam showed resistance toward the inhibitory effect of extract in litter experiments. Iqbal was affected in hot water extract. Conclusion It is concluded that the extracts obtained from Papaver somniferum showed inhibitory effects on all the three varieties except few exceptions of maize. The plumule and radical growth got affected the most.

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INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF SEVERAL CHINESE MEDICINAL HERBS AGAINST PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2009.834.23 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 205-210

Author(s):

Tongle Hu ◽

Shutong Wang ◽

Keqiang Cao ◽

H.R. Forrer

Keyword(s):

Phytophthora Infestans ◽

Medicinal Herbs ◽

Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽

Inhibitory Effects

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Reshaping fecal gut microbiota composition by growing with Polygonum cuspidatum, Houttuynia cordata, and Ipomoea aquatica

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2018-0497 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (7) ◽

pp. 522-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yao Zheng ◽

Gengdong Hu ◽

Wei Wu ◽

Liping Qiu ◽

Dandan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Medicinal Herbs ◽

Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽

Polygonum Cuspidatum ◽

Houttuynia Cordata ◽

Ipomoea Aquatica ◽

Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽

Named Groups ◽

Group D

We carried out sequencing of samples cultivated in floating beds with different Chinese medicinal herbs (Control, Houttuynia cordata Thunb., Polygonum cuspidatum, and a combination of H. cordata with Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.; named groups A, B, C, D, respectively) to analyze changes in the composition of gut microbiota of tilapia feces. Fusobacteria (ranging from 49.0% to 73.3%), Firmicutes (12.3%–37.8%), and Proteobacteria (5.1%–23.0%) were found to be the most dominant phyla present in all samples. The operational taxonomic units and the Ace and Chao1 indices of groups A and D were significantly higher than those of group C. Polygonum cuspidatum decreased the species richness and diversity of microbial communities in tilapia intestinal feces. The phylum WCHB1-60, order Enterobacteriales, and genus Plesiomonas significantly decreased (in group A); the species Plesiomonas shigelloides significantly decreased (in groups B and C); and the genus Leucobacter significantly increased (in group D) when compared with the control. The relative abundance of the class Verrucomicrobiae (groups B vs C) significantly decreased. In the presence of I. aquatica, the phylum Bacteroidetes significantly decreased, while the genera Leucobacter and Pelotomaculum significantly increased. The ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes was significantly higher in groups B and C relative to the controls, while it decreased significantly in group D. The algae (i.e., Anabaena and Microcystis) and beneficial pathogenic bacteria decreased in groups C and D, respectively. In addition, Enterovibrio decreased in all treatment groups. The present data demonstrate that floating bed cultivation with Chinese medicinal herbs significantly alters the gut microbiota of tilapia, which may enhance its immune activity.

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Antibacterial Effects In Vitro of Several Common Chinese Medicinal Herbs Upon Esherichia coli

Journal of Bionanoscience ◽

10.1166/jbns.2013.1116 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 465-468

Author(s):

Dehai Li ◽

Lei Yang ◽

Jinshuo Shi ◽

Enling Hou ◽

Chunyang Zuo

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Herbs ◽

Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Esherichia Coli

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Evaluation of antibacterial effects of Melia azedarach fruit extracts against some isolated pathogenic bacteria

Veterinary Science Development ◽

10.4081/vsd.2015.6080 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nazar Jabbar Al-Khafaji ◽

Raad Mahmood Al-Zubaedi ◽

Shaimaah Jabbar Al-Azawi

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Melia Azedarach ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Alcohol Extract ◽

E Coli ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ancient Times

In ancient times plants have been a great source of medicine. Many of traditionally known plants have been extensively studied by advanced scientific techniques and reported for various medicinal properties such as anticancer, antinflammatory, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, larvicidal. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Melia azedarach fruit against isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Staphylococcusaureus, Bacillussubtilis, Proteus and Klibsiella using well and disc diffusion methods. Both extracts established significant antibacterial activity against tested bacteria. In well and disc methods, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klibsiella and Proteus showed sensitivity at significant level to aqueous extract of Melia azedarach fruit. In comparison between two methods well and disc E. coli was significantly different at 50 mg/mL. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 100 and 200 mg/mL. Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus showed a significant difference in sensitivity to alcohol extract of M. azedarach fruit in well method. In disc method Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus showed a significantly different sensitivity to alcohol extract of M. azedarach fruit. In comparison between well and disc method no significant difference was observed on alcohol extract of Melia azedarach. In comparison between alcohol and aqueous extract no significant difference was observed in both well and disc methods.

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Potential antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of an aqueous extract formula derived from three Chinese medicinal herbs against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats

International Immunopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.intimp.2012.10.017 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 106-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chi-Ching Yang ◽

Jong-Yi Fang ◽

Tuan-Liang Hong ◽

Tzu-Ching Wang ◽

Ya-En Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Injury ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Medicinal Herbs ◽

Chinese Medicinal Herbs ◽

Hepatoprotective Effects

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Zizyphus lotus (L.) extracts as prebiotics in the aggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibition of pathologic bacteria from patients with colorectal cancer

International Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.7455/ijfs/9.1.2020.a3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Ouldchikh ◽

Aicha TirTouil ◽

Boumédiene Meddah

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Intestinal Bacteria ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Vitro Effect

The mucosal surfaces of the intestinal tract harbor a complex microbiota. Bacteria enter in contact with intestinal cells and bestow important nutritional, metabolic and protective functions which benefit the host. Various factors are able to alter the balances between different intestinal bacteria. Dysbiosis has been described in various pathologies and metabolic diseases in humans, such as cancer. Colorectal cancer pathology can benefit from gut microbial imbalance. Its overgrowth may lead to acute symptoms. An alternative strategy to restore this balance is the use of plant extracts which exhibit a prebiotic activity by stimulating of probiotic bacteria and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria colonization. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts (Aqueous extract "AE" and Methanolic extract "ME" ) from Zizyphus lotus. It aims also to investigate the effect of this extract as a prebiotic on the aggregation of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria isolated from faeces of patients with colorectal cancer. Phytochemical analysis of different extracts from Zizyphus lotus by HPLC showed that all are rich in phenolic compounds (225.40 mgAGE/gDW for AE and 63.04 mgAGE/gDW for ME extracts). Moreover, all extracts showed an important antioxidant activity (227 µg/ml for AE and 195 µg/ml for ME). These extracts also exhibited a significant prebiotic effect and antibacterial activity. Characterization of the in vitro effect of the aqueous extract showed that the percentage of autoaggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria increased in the presence of aqueous extracts.

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