A bioeconomic model of marine sanctuaries on Georges Bank

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S Holland
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Seasonal Movement ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Groundfish Fishery

An empirically estimated fleet dynamics model for New England trawlers is integrated with spatial, age-structured models of primary groundfish species on Georges Banks, southern New England, and the Gulf of Maine. This bioeconomic model is used to explore how permanent marine sanctuaries on Georges Bank might affect catches, revenues, and spawning stock of principal groundfish species in New England. The simulations explore how the location of sanctuaries relative to major ports and their orientation relative to seasonal movement patterns of fish stocks impact their effectiveness and the distribution of benefits across groups of fishers from different ports. The simulation results also demonstrate that the impacts of sanctuaries can vary greatly across species, sometimes increasing yields for some while decreasing yields for others. While the specific results from the simulations reflect the characteristics of the New England groundfish fishery, the modeling methodology and some general conclusions are applicable to other fisheries.

Optimal effort controls for the multispecies groundfish complex in New England: what might have been

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S Holland ◽  
Jean-Jacques Maguire
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Groundfish Fishery

Age-structured models are used to calculate catches and revenues of the principal stocks in the northeast multispecies groundfish fishery over the 1982–1997 period assuming alternative control rules on fishing effort had been employed. Various static levels of nominal effort are compared with controls that maintain fishing mortality below overfishing thresholds for all stocks. An unambiguous result from this analysis is that substantial reductions in fishing effort would have increased the value of the fishery even if resulting increases in spawning stock biomass (SSB) had not increased recruitment. Simple controls on nominal effort designed to maximize revenues would have provided nearly equivalent revenues to those achieved by maintaining fishing mortality for each stock at its individual maximum sustainable yield (FMSY) but would have led to overfishing of some stocks. Without the ability to tune the relative catches across stocks, strict controls on effort designed to prevent overfishing on individual stocks would likely have resulted in significantly lower and more variable revenues. Achieving SSB targets for three stocks would not have been possible given the observed recruitment.

White hake, Urophycis tenuis, in the Gulf of Maine: spawning seasonality, habitat use, and growth in young of the year and relationships to the Scotian Shelf population

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1715-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Fahay ◽  
Kenneth W. Able
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
New England ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Georges Bank ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Pelagic Juveniles

Our interpretation of the pattern of white hake spawning seasonality, habitat use, and growth of young of the year in the Gulf of Maine – Georges Bank area is based on analyses of extensive collections of early life history stages during 1984–1987 and on comparisons with studies conducted in Canadian waters. Eggs or larvae of Urophycis tenuis were not found at any time in the study area, but pelagic juveniles were abundant in May–June and size distributions indicated a shoreward migration with growth. Recruitment to nearshore areas was detected in June–July and the rate of growth for demersal juveniles was calculated to average 1.02 mm/day in the first summer. Spawning of this species during August–September on the Scotian Shelf does not appear to influence the Gulf of Maine population but, instead, appears to involve a separate stock with a different spawning schedule. It is concluded that spawning in continental slope regions south of the Scotian Shelf, Georges Bank, and southern New England during early spring results in recruitment to nearshore areas of the Gulf of Maine and southern New England. This spawning event also provides pelagic juveniles to the Scotian Shelf prior to the onset of local spawning there.

scholarly journals Chronic social disruption following a systemic fishery failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (46) ◽  
pp. 22912-22914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Scyphers ◽  
J. Steven Picou ◽  
Jonathan H. Grabowski
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
New England ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Disruption ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Groundfish Fishery

In the United States, the iconic groundfish fishery for Gulf of Maine cod has endured several dramatic reductions in annual catch limits and been federally declared an economic disaster. Using a repeated cross-sectional survey of fishing captains to assess potential social impacts of the fishery failure, we found that psychological distress and social disruption were pervasive throughout New England fishing communities. For instance, our results indicate that 62% of captains self-reported severe or moderate psychological distress 1 y after the crisis began, and these patterns have persisted for 5 y. Using classification tree analyses, we found that low levels of trust in fisheries management was the most powerful predictor of both initial and chronic psychological distress. Distress was most severe among individuals without income diversity and those with dependents in the household. Compared to other aspects of fisheries, measuring and managing for noneconomic social outcomes and human well-being has lagged behind, even though it is a necessary component of mitigating the adverse impacts of fisheries disruptions.

A state-space approach to incorporating environmental effects on recruitment in an age-structured assessment model with an application to southern New England yellowtail flounder

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1261-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Miller ◽  
Jonathan A. Hare ◽  
Larry A. Alade
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
State Space ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Cold Pool ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Yellowtail Flounder ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Spawning Stock

The state-space model framework provides a natural, probabilistic approach to stock assessment by modeling the stochastic nature of population survival and recruitment separately from sampling uncertainty inherent in observations on the population. We propose a state-space assessment model that is expanded to simultaneously treat environmental covariates as stochastic processes and estimate their effects on recruitment. We apply the model to southern New England yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) using data from the most recent benchmark assessment to evaluate evidence for effects of the mid-Atlantic cold pool and spawning stock biomass on recruitment. Based on Akaike’s information criterion, both the cold pool and spawning stock biomass were important predictors of recruitment and led to annual variation in estimated biomass reference points and associated yield. We also demonstrate the effect of the stochasticity of the mid-Atlantic cold pool on short-term forecasts of the stock size, biomass reference point, and stock status.

scholarly journals Northeast Bathymetry and Backscatter Compilation: Western Gulf of Maine, Southern New England, and Long Island Sound

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Ward ◽  
Paul Johnson ◽  
Michael Bogonko ◽  
Zachary McAvoy ◽  
Rachel Morrison
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Long Island Sound ◽  
Southern New England ◽  
Island Sound

scholarly journals The role of closed areas in rebuilding monkfish populations in the Gulf of Maine

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1326-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa D. Smith ◽  
Jonathan H. Grabowski ◽  
Philip O. Yund
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Gulf Of Maine ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Feeding Intensity ◽  
Groundfish Fishery

Abstract Smith, M. D., Grabowski, J. H., and Yund, P. O. 2008. The role of closed areas in rebuilding monkfish populations in the Gulf of Maine. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1326–1333. The use of fish closures as a management tool to protect juvenile fish habitat and adult spawning grounds has become increasingly popular, although knowledge of the direct effects of marine closures on juvenile fish populations is limited. Given that monkfish landings account for a considerable percentage of the monetary value derived from the groundfish fishery in new England, investigating the factors that influence monkfish population dynamics will assist managers in sustaining this important natural resource. We conducted bottom-trawl surveys to determine the effects of closure status [inside vs. outside the Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area (WGMCA)] and habitat type (mud bottom in isolation from gravel or cobble bottom vs. mud that is next to these more complex habitats) on the distribution, abundance, and diet composition of monkfish (Lophius americanus) in the Gulf of Maine. Surprisingly, the abundance of adult monkfish did not differ in vs. out of the closure, and juvenile monkfish were more abundant outside of the WGMCA, where they also exhibited higher feeding intensity and consumed more prey biomass. Monkfish diet and condition results implied that the boulder and ledge bottom is essential monkfish habitat and that these effects were independent of the WGMCA.

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