Effects of turbidity on prey consumption and growth in brook trout and implications for bioenergetics modeling

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A Sweka ◽  
Kyle J Hartman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Turbid Water ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) were held in an artificial stream to observe the influence of turbidity on mean daily consumption and specific growth rates. Treatment turbidity levels ranged from clear (<3.0 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)) to very turbid water (> 40 NTU). Observed mean daily specific consumption rates were standardized to the mean weight of all brook trout tested. Turbidity had no significant effect on mean daily consumption, but specific growth rates decreased significantly as turbidity increased. Brook trout in turbid water became more active and switched foraging strategies from drift feeding to active searching. This switch was energetically costly and resulted in lower specific growth rates in turbid water as compared with clear water. Bioenergetics simulations were run to compare observed growth with that predicted by the model. Observed growth values fell below those predicted by the model and the difference increased as turbidity increased. Abiotic factors, such as turbidity, which bring about changes in the activity rates of fish, can have implications for the accuracy of predicted growth by bioenergetics models.

scholarly journals Food Consumption and Growth Rates of Juvenile Black Carp Fed Natural and Prepared Feeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel C. Hodgins ◽  
Harold L. Schramm ◽  
Patrick D. Gerard
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Black Carp ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Weight Number

Abstract The introduced mollusciphagic black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus poses a significant threat to native mollusks in temperate waters throughout the northern hemisphere, but consumption rates necessary to estimate the magnitude of impact on mollusks have not been established. We measured food consumption and growth rates for small (77–245 g) and large (466–1,071 g) triploid black carp held individually under laboratory conditions at 20, 25, and 30°C. Daily consumption rates (g food · g wet weight fish−1·d−1·100) of black carp that received prepared feed increased with temperature (small black carp 1.39–1.71; large black carp 1.28–2.10), but temperature-related increases in specific growth rate (100[ln(final weight) - ln(initial weight)]/number of days) only occurred for the large black carp (small black carp −0.02 to 0.19; large black carp 0.16–0.65). Neither daily consumption rates (5.90–6.28) nor specific growth rates (0.05–0.24) differed among temperatures for small black carp fed live snails. The results of these laboratory feeding trials indicate food consumption rates can vary from 289.9 to 349.5 J·g−1·d−1 for 150 g black carp receiving prepared feed, from 268.8 to 441.0 J·g−1·d−1for 800 g black carp receiving prepared feed, and from 84.8 to 90.2 J·g−1·d−1 for 150 g black carp that feed on snails. Applying estimated daily consumption rates to estimated biomass of native mollusks indicates that a relatively low biomass of black carp could eliminate native snails and substantially reduce recruitment of mussels in time periods as short as 180 d.

Comparison of activity rates of 1+ yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from populations of contrasting growth rates using underwater video observations

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1122-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Aubin-Horth ◽  
J Gingras ◽  
D Boisclair
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Populations

We compared the stereocinematographic (SCG) method to estimate activity rates of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) with the more traditional bioenergetic approach. We also compared activity rates of perch from two populations with contrasting growth rates to test the hypothesis that fish with lower growth rates are characterized by higher activity rates. We attempted to corroborate the SCG method by comparing values of energetic costs obtained with observations of fish movements with estimates obtained using the difference between field-derived consumption and growth rates (bioenergetic method). Independent estimates of consumption and activity rates were obtained for Lakes Hertel (average growth = 172 J·day-1) and Memphremagog (average growth = 595 J·day-1). Daily consumption rates averaged 720 J·day-1 in Lake Hertel and 1457 J·day-1 in Lake Memphremagog. SCG and bioenergetic methods provided similar activity estimates for Lake Hertel (<2.5% difference) and diverged by 0.4-82% for Lake Memphremagog depending on initial values of fish weight or consumption inputted in the bioenergetic equation. Regardless of the method employed, activity rates of fish from Lake Hertel were proportionally higher (24% of consumption rates) than those from Lake Memphremagog (on average 13% of consumption rates). Our work supported the suggestion that populations with slower growth rates may be associated with proportionally higher activity rates.

THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND GENOTYPE ON THE GROWTH RATE OF HATCHERY-REARED SALMONIDS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. SADLER ◽  
G. W. FRIARS ◽  
P. E. IHSSEN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Strain Differences ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Growth rates of three salmonid species, brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), lake trout (S. namaycush), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and one hybrid, splake (S. namaycush × S. fontinalis) were compared at 10 and 16 °C. Two strains of each species, and one of the splake hybrid were examined. At 10 °C the ranking of specific growth rate from highest to lowest for species was: rainbow trout, lake trout, splake, brook trout. At 16 °C the order was: brook trout, rainbow trout, splake, and lake trout. Brook trout, rainbow trout and splake had significantly higher specific growth rates at 16 °C but lake trout showed no difference at the two temperatures. Strain differences were significant in lake trout and rainbow trout, but not in brook trout. Rainbow trout showed a significant strain by temperature interaction. The ranking of feed conversion efficiencies from best to poorest was: lake trout, 10 °C; splake, 10 °C; brook trout, 16 °C; splake, 16 °C; rainbow trout, 16 °C; rainbow trout, 10 °C; lake trout, 16 °C; brook trout, 10 °C. Key words: Temperature, genetics, growth, salmonids, aquaculture

Food consumption, feeding behaviour, and growth of triploid and diploid Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., parr

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Carter ◽  
I. D. McCarthy ◽  
D. F. Houlihan ◽  
R. Johnstone ◽  
M. V. Walsingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Mixed Groups

To test whether triploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr were at a disadvantage compared with diploid parr the growth and feeding behaviour of individual parr in separate and mixed groups of diploid and triploid fish were studied in two experiments. At the end of the first experiment (separate groups) the diploid parr had significantly higher mean specific growth rates than the triploid parr. This was due to significantly higher growth during the first 40 days of the experiment; growth was not significantly different over the last 52 days. The consumption rates of individual parr were measured using radiography. There were no consistent differences in consumption rates between triploid and diploid parr in mixed or separate groups. However, at the start of the experiment the mean consumption rates of the triploid parr were significantly lower than those of the diploid parr and could explain their lower growth rates. There were no differences in the amount of damage to the caudal fin between triploid and diploid parr in either experiment. However, in a mixed group, damage to the dorsal fin of triploid parr was more severe than to the dorsal fin of diploid parr, which suggested that triploid parr in mixed groups were more likely to be the recipients of agonistic actions than the diploid parr. However, the specific growth rates of the diploid and triploid parr in mixed groups were not significantly different. It was concluded that under certain circumstances. triploid and diploid Atlantic salmon parr may exhibit differences in growth and feeding behaviour.

Sex Ratio and Sex-Specific Growth Rates of Immature Green Turtles, Chelonia mydas, in the Southern Bahamas

Copeia ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 (4) ◽  
pp. 1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan B. Bolten ◽  
Karen A. Bjorndal ◽  
Janice S. Grumbles ◽  
David W. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Physiological and cell morphology adaptation ofBacillus subtilisat near-zero specific growth rates: a transcriptome analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wout Overkamp ◽  
Onur Ercan ◽  
Martijn Herber ◽  
Antonius J. A. van Maris ◽  
Michiel Kleerebezem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

scholarly journals Investigation of the Biological Treatability of Pistachio Processing Industry Wastewaters in a Batch-operated Aerobic Bioreactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevtap Tırınk ◽  
Alper Nuhoğlu ◽  
Sinan Kul
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Biological Treatability ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract This study encompasses investigation of treatment of pistachio processing industry wastewaters in a batch reactor under aerobic conditions, calculation of kinetic parameters and comparison of different inhibition models. The mixed microorganism culture used in the study was adapted to pistachio processing industry wastewaters for nearly one month and then concentrations from 50-1000 mg L− 1 of pistachio processing industry wastewaters were added to the medium and treatment was investigated in batch experiments. The Andrews, Han-Levenspiel, Luong and Aiba biokinetic equations were chosen for the correlations between the concentration of pistachio processing industry wastewaters and specific growth rates, and the kinetic parameters in these biokinetic equations were calculated. The µmax, Ks and Ki parameters, included in the Aiba biokinetic equation providing best fit among the other equations, had values calculated as 0.25 h− 1, 19 mg L− 1, and 516 mg L− 1, respectively.

scholarly journals Isolated Microbial Single Cells and Resulting Micropopulations Grow Faster in Controlled Environments

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (19) ◽  
pp. 7132-7136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Dusny ◽  
Frederik Sven Ole Fritzsch ◽  
Oliver Frick ◽  
Andreas Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Pichia Pastoris ◽  
Corynebacterium Glutamicum ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Hansenula Polymorpha ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Extracellular Environment

ABSTRACTSingularized cells ofPichia pastoris,Hansenula polymorpha, andCorynebacterium glutamicumdisplayed specific growth rates under chemically and physically constant conditions that were consistently higher than those obtained in populations. This highlights the importance of single-cell analyses by uncoupling physiology and the extracellular environment, which is now possible using the Envirostat 2.0 concept.

scholarly journals Scaling of growth rate and mortality with size and its consequence on size spectra of natural microphytoplankton assemblages in the East China Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 5267-5280 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Chang ◽  
E. C. Marquis ◽  
C. W. Chang ◽  
G. C. Gong ◽  
C. H. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Size Category ◽  
Grazing Mortality ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Abstract. Allometric scaling of body size versus growth rate and mortality has been suggested to be a universal macroecological pattern, as described by the metabolic theory of ecology (MTE). However, whether such scaling generally holds in natural assemblages remains debated. Here, we test the hypothesis that the size-specific growth rate and grazing mortality scale with the body size with an exponent of −1/4 after temperature correction, as MTE predicts. To do so, we couple a dilution experiment with the FlowCAM imaging system to obtain size-specific growth rates and grazing mortality of natural microphytoplankton assemblages in the East China Sea. This novel approach allows us to achieve highly resolved size-specific measurements that would be very difficult to obtain in traditional size-fractionated measurements using filters. Our results do not support the MTE prediction. On average, the size-specific growth rates and grazing mortality scale almost isometrically with body size (with scaling exponent ∼0.1). However, this finding contains high uncertainty, as the size-scaling exponent varies substantially among assemblages. The fact that size-scaling exponent varies among assemblages prompts us to further investigate how the variation of size-specific growth rate and grazing mortality can interact to determine the microphytoplankton size structure, described by normalized biomass size spectrum (NBSS), among assemblages. We test whether the variation of microphytoplankton NBSS slopes is determined by (1) differential grazing mortality of small versus large individuals, (2) differential growth rate of small versus large individuals, or (3) combinations of these scenarios. Our results indicate that the ratio of the grazing mortality of the large size category to that of the small size category best explains the variation of NBSS slopes across environments, suggesting that higher grazing mortality of large microphytoplankton may release the small phytoplankton from grazing, which in turn leads to a steeper NBSS slope. This study contributes to understanding the relative importance of bottom-up versus top-down control in shaping microphytoplankton size structure.

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