Disruption of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis in 1+ yellow perch (Perca flavescens) chronically exposed to metals in the environment

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 982-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gravel ◽  
P GC Campbell ◽  
A Hontela
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cu And Zn

Although it has been reported that adult yellow perch (Perca flavescens) chronically exposed to metals in the environment exhibit endocrine impairment characterized by blunted cortisol secretion, little is known about the vulnerability of early life stages. Young-of-the-year (YOY) and 1+ yellow perch were captured, subjected to a standardized stress test or adrenocorticotropic-hormone stimulation in lakes situated along a contamination gradient of Cd, Cu, and Zn in the mining region of Abitibi, Quebec. For the first time, whole-body cortisol concentrations were measured. The 1+ fish with elevated whole-body Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations had an impaired capacity to respond to an acute stress challenge. Although YOY perch had similar whole-body Cd concentrations to 1+ perch, no effects on physiological status were detected in relation to body burdens of metals. Metal contamination did not affect whole-body thyroid-hormone concentrations, condition factor, or hepatosomatic index in 1+ or YOY perch. These results indicate that effects of Cd, Cu, and Zn on the functional integrity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis in yellow perch are detectable after only 1 year of environmental exposure.

Responses of Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Populations to Removal of White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) from a Minnesota Lake, 1966

1977 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1633-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Standing Crop ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Food Competition ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Stizostedion Vitreum ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Fish Species Diversity

In a northeastern Minnesota lake subject only to sportfishing, removal of 85% of the estimated standing crop (34 kg/ha) of adult white suckers, Catostomus commersoni in 1966 was followed by marked changes in community structure and interrelations. During 7 yr alter the removal: catch indices for adult suckers remained far below those before the sucker removal but juvenile suckers increased about 17-fold; yellow perch, Perca flavescens, increased about 15-fold; walleye Stizostedion vitreum vitreum, standing crop increased about one-third; mayflies increased in diet of adult perch and smaller invertebrates decreased; micro-crustaceans increased in diet of young-of-the-year and juvenile perch; young-of-the-year perch increased in diet of adult walleye; walleye angling yield increased from an average of 3.0 kg/ha before the removal to an average of 4.9 kg/ha in 1970–73; the rate of exploitation of adult walleye did not change with increase in angling effort; and the increased walleye harvest consisted mostly of fish recruited to the catch during the fishing season. The average annual harvest of walleye in 1970–73 exceeded estimated potential production for all fish by 81.5% and probably cannot be sustained. Removal of white suckers from lakes with limited fish species diversity appears to benefit percid populations. Key words: Percidae, species interactions, (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum), Perca flavescens, Catostomus commersoni, harvests, community response, community ecology, food, competition

Cyclic dynamics of a yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population in an oligotrophic lake: evidence for the role of intraspecific interactions

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1534-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth L Sanderson ◽  
Thomas R Hrabik ◽  
John J Magnuson ◽  
David M Post
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Intraspecific Interactions ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Cyclic Dynamics ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Mature Fish

Understanding the extent to which repeated oscillations in fish populations are driven by external factors or internal processes within the population is an important challenge. We document cyclic dynamics in a population of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) in oligotrophic Crystal Lake. Since 1981, we have observed three cases of cohort dominance in which two age-classes dominated the population for roughly 5 years. Young-of-the-year (YOY) perch were caught in 1981-1982, 1986-1987, and 1990-1991, whereas few to no YOY were caught during the midyears. The presence of YOY was negatively related to juvenile perch abundance and positively related to adult perch abundance. Mechanisms that may be responsible for these patterns include cannibalism of YOY by either juveniles or adults, potential for reproduction by adults, and competition between YOY and juveniles. YOY were abundant primarily in years when reproductively mature fish were in the lake, suggesting that the repeated oscillations are driven predominantly by pulses of abundant, reproductive, adult perch. As these young perch grow to juveniles, they exclude the possibility of survival by successive cohorts through cannibalistic and competitive interactions. This exclusion occurs until they themselves become reproductively mature and the cycle then repeats. Ultimately, long-term patterns in Crystal Lake suggest that cyclic dynamics are generated by intraspecific interactions.

The invasion route of the gill parasite Urocleidus adspectus Mueller, 1936 (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalinae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2166-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
M. D. B. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Body Surface ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
The Body ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Gill Parasite ◽  
Young Of The Year

Urocleidus adspectus is transmitted experimentally to yellow perch (Perca flavescens) and the route of invasion and the behaviour of the parasite during the migration to the gills of the host is studied.The oncomiracidia invade the full length of the host and. as postoncomiracidia, attach at secluded sites such as beneath scales, at the base of fins, and in nooks in the body surface. The postoncomiracidia gradually migrate anteriorly and reach the gills by entering the opercular cavity and possibly the buccal cavity. In young-of-the-year perch, migrating worms appear to invade the primary lamella from the base or from the distal tip. In older perch the majority appear to invade the primary lamella from the base. Over 90% of the postoncomiracidia reach the gills of the young perch by day 5 postinfection and experimental studies indicate that few worms are dislodged during the migration.

Impaired cortisol secretion in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from lakes contaminated by heavy metals: in vivo and in vitro assessment

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2752-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie C Brodeur ◽  
Graham Sherwood ◽  
Joseph B Rasmussen ◽  
Alice Hontela
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Cortisol Levels

The characteristic elevation of plasma cortisol levels in response to an acute stress of capture was impaired in both male and female yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from lakes contaminated by heavy metals. The impairment of the cortisol stress response was observed in fish 4 + years and older whereas the capacity to elevate plasma cortisol levels of fish younger than 4 + was not significantly different at contaminated and reference sites. The responsiveness to ACTH of the interrenal tissue of 4 + yellow perch was evalutated in vitro to determine whether the impairment of the cortisol stress response is caused by a dysfunction of the interrenal tissue or if the dysfunction is located elsewhere in the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis controlling the secretion of cortisol. The amount of cortisol secreted by the interrenal tissue of yellow perch from a contaminated site in response to a 10-min stimulation with 10-7 M ACTH was significantly lower compared with fish from the reference site. These results indicate that the impairment of the cortisol stress response observed in fish from polluted sites is caused, at least in part, by a dysfunction of the interrenal tissue.

Interrenal metallothionein and cortisol secretion in relation to Cd, Cu, and Zn exposure in yellow perch, Perca flavescens, from Abitibi lakes

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1692-1700 ◽  
Author(s):  
J -S Laflamme ◽  
Y Couillard ◽  
P GC Campbell ◽  
A Hontela
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Field Exposure ◽  
Physiological Capacity ◽  
Plasma Chloride ◽  
Hepatic Metallothionein ◽  
Reference Lakes

The concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cd in the interrenal tissue and liver of yellow perch, Perca flavescens, sampled in six lakes in the mining region of Abitibi (Quebec) revealed a gradient of contamination: reference lakes, intermediate-contaminated lakes, and highly contaminated lakes. Interrenal and hepatic metallothionein concentrations followed a similar gradient, and there was a strong relationship between metallothionein and total metal (Zn + Cu + Cd) content in the liver and Cu + Cd content in the interrenals. Following a standardized confinement stress test, plasma cortisol and glucose were significantly higher in fish from reference lakes compared with the two most contaminated lakes. No differences in plasma chloride were observed. The secretory response of the interrenal tissue to in vitro stimulation by adrenocorticotropic hormone and dibutyryl cyclic AMP was significantly lower in fish from a contaminated lake compared with fish from a reference lake. Condition factor was significantly lower in yellow perch from the most contaminated lakes. This study demonstrated that a chronic field exposure to base metals increases hepatic and interrenal tissue metallothionein concentrations and disrupts the physiological capacity of yellow perch to generate the normal hormonal stress response.

Some Behavioral Interactions of Spottail Shiners (Notropis hudsonius), Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens), and Northern Pike (Esox lucius)

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1161-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Nursall
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Behavioral Interactions ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Pike Esox Lucius ◽  
Glide Path ◽  
Beaver Lake ◽  
Young Of The Year

Dense schools of spottail shiners (Notropis hudsonius) are common in shallow water in Beaver Lake, generally 0.25–0.30 m below the surface, with smaller individuals more numerous towards the top. Position in the shcool is maintained by short radius behavior. The course of an individual is maintained by a beat of the tail, a glide, a hesitation, and a change of direction. Each glide path represents the chord of an arc of short radius about some neighbor. Shiners respond to disturbance by flash expansion of loose cruising association. Schooling is obligatory. The black caudal spot is probaly multifunctional as a recognition mark and releaser.Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) show an ontogeny of behavior through young-of-the-year, aggregation-sized perch (aggp), subadults, and adults. They behave as individuals or associate as streams. Disturbance will cause a group of aggp to disperse or to stream. The adult manifestation of streaming is pack-hunting. The activity of one perch attracts the attention of others; this leads to streaming or pack-hunting. Pack-hunting improves the chance of some members of the pack, not necessarily the initiator, capturing active prey, by countering the allaesthetic protean escape reactions of organisms such as the spottail shiner. Large mixed aggregations of spottail shiners and aggp are fortuitous.Northern pike (Esox lucius) are lone, opportunistic predators whose hunting technique combines in sequence motionlessness, axial tracking, and lunging. Prey may be swallowed head- or tailfirst, or sideways.The species studied here show a range of gregariousness, from the solitary pike, through the facultative nonpolarized and polarized schools of perch, to obligate nonpolarized and polarized schools of shiners.

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