A Method of Selecting Trout Hybrids (Salvelinus fontinalis × S. namaycush) for Ability to Retain Swimbladder Gas

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Swimming Ability ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Scale Selection ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Good Repeatability ◽  
Selection Of

A method was developed for selecting hybrid trout for deep-swimming ability, for use in a breeding program to combine in one strain the early-maturing character of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) with the deep-swimming ability of lake trout (S. namaycush). The method involves testing hybrids in pressure tanks and selecting individuals that, like lake trout, retain most of their swimbladder gas during the test period. For a sample of F2 hybrids the range of pressures at which the fish floated when anaesthetized was almost entirely between the medians for samples of the two parent species. Successive tests of marked individuals showed good repeatability of flotation measurements. The method is concluded to be reliable for large-scale selection of fish with ability to retain swimbladder gas.

Inheritance of Thermal Resistance in Hybrids of Salvelinus fontinalis and S. namaycush

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ihssen
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Variance Component ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Maternal Origin ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Five Factors

The two reciprocal F1 hybrids of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and lake trout (S. namaycush) had similar times to death on exposure to several lethal high temperatures for a series of acclimation temperatures. These hybrids resembled the brook trout, the more resistant parent, more than the lake trout. The F2 hybrids were intermediate in resistance to the parent species, and the backcrosses intermediate between the F2 hybrids and the respective parents. After acclimation to 5 and 10 C, F2’s and backcrosses arising from the F1 hybrid of brook trout maternal origin were consistently higher in resistance than the F2 and backcrosses arising from the F1 hybrid of lake trout maternal origin. After acclimation to 20 C and above, differences associated with the maternal origin of the F1 hybrid were not found.The number of effective factors segregating was estimated using the techniques of variance component analysis. A genetic model with two codominant factors was found to fit the data for 5 and 10 C acclimation, and one with five factors and dominance of the brook trout factors was found to fit the data for the higher acclimation temperatures.

Groundwater and the selection of spawning sites by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1733-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Allen Curry ◽  
David L. G. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Spawning Site ◽  
Central Pennsylvania ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Spawning Sites

Spawning areas selected by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) displayed variable relationships to discharging groundwater across geologic regions. In Canadian Shield waters, spawning was associated with areas of distinct, discharging groundwater. The specific mechanism of selection could not be determined. Groundwater did not appear to influence the selection of individual redd sites within these discharge areas. Competition among females for the opportunity to spawn in a limited area defined by the discharging groundwater appeared to control the selection of redd sites. In southwestern Ontario streams, discharging groundwater was prominent throughout areas of spawning both at redds and at adjacent, nonspawning substrates (≤7 m). Consequently, relationships between groundwater and spawning site selection were ambiguous. On the unglaciated plateau of central Pennsylvania, no groundwater was observed in redds or nonspawning substrates in streams. Brook trout management programmes must consider these groundwater relationships and therefore the impact of land use on groundwater quality and quantity.

A major sextet of mitochondrial DNA phylogenetic assemblages extant in eastern North American brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis): distribution and postglacial dispersal patterns

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1300-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy G Danzmann ◽  
Raymond P Morgan II ◽  
Matthew W Jones ◽  
Louis Bernatchez ◽  
Peter E Ihssen
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
South Central ◽  
Haplotype 1

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of 2422 brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from 60 units (major drainages, small stream catchments, and isolated lakes) representing 155 populations in eastern North America were examined to test hypotheses regarding postglacial dispersal and recolonization. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 38.8% of the variation was partitioned among the units, while approximately 60% was distributed among populations (phiST = 59.3) compared with 40.7% within populations. This distribution of variation suggests a large degree of heterogeneity in population founding events and phylogeographic structuring in this species. Comparisons of mtDNA diversity between fish from putative refugial and recolonization zones for this species indicate that more than one refugial region contributed to northern recolonization. Haplotypic diversities in recolonized regions are greatest in south-central populations (i.e., southern Great Lakes region), while only one haplotype (haplotype 1) predominates in northern, western, and eastern postglacial zones. Large phylogenetic differences were found between northern and southern populations. Populations outside the zone of glaciation were the most genetically heterogeneous and were represented by fish from all six (A-F) of the major evolutionary clades identified. Only fish from the A, B, and C clades were found in glaciated regions, with C lineage fish restricted to south-central glaciation zones. Fish from the C clade are putatively the most ancestral lineage within the species based upon composite shared RFLPs with lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus).

Early juvenile bioenergetic differences between anadromous and resident brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève R Morinville ◽  
Joseph B Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Partial Migration ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Metabolic Costs ◽  
Consumption Rates

Many salmonids, including brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), contain both anadromous (migrant) and nonanadromous (resident) forms within a population (partial migration). Although partial migration is commonly observed, the mechanisms governing the adoption of migration or residency are poorly understood. We used field estimates of fish growth coupled with in situ estimates of food consumption rates to demonstrate that a trade-off exists between the ability to efficiently exploit local environments (resident approach) and the capacity to capitalize from large-scale environmental heterogeneity (migrant approach). We demonstrate that in the year before migration, migrant brook trout have consumption rates 1.4 times higher than those of resident brook trout. However, migrants have lower growth efficiencies (ratio of growth to consumption) than residents, indicating that migrants have higher metabolic costs. Residents and migrants also differed in their stable carbon isotope signatures (δ13C), a time-integrated measure that has been linked to habitat use. Fish muscle δ13C of migrants was depleted by 1 ± 0.1‰ compared with that of residents, and this could not be explained by any biases introduced by the time of sampling or the size of fish sampled. Our findings thus agree with the notion that a link exists between metabolic costs (efficiency) and the adopted life-history strategy.

scholarly journals JOINT SEGREGATION OF BIOCHEMICAL LOCI IN SALMONIDAE. II. LINKAGE ASSOCIATIONS FROM A HYBRIDIZED SALVELINUS GENOME (S. NAMAYCUSH x S. FONTINALIS)

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-726
Author(s):  
Bernie May ◽  
Mark Stoneking ◽  
James E Wright
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Homeologous Chromosome ◽  
Homeologous Chromosomes ◽  
Joint Segregation ◽  
Duplicate Loci ◽  
Haploid Complement

ABSTRACT The results of more than 300 parwise examinations of biochemical loci for joint segregation in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and in the hybridized genome of lake trout (S. namaycush) × brook trout are summarized. Nineteen loci have been assigned to the following eight linkage groupings on the basis of nonrandom assortment, including cases of both classical linkage and pseudolinkage: ODH with PMI with PGI-3, PGI-2 with SDH, ADA-1 with AGP-2, AAT-(1,2) with AGP-1 with MDH-I, MDH-3 with MDH-4, LDH-3 with LDH-4, IDH-3 with ME-2 and GUS with CPK-I. Pseudolinkage (an excess of nonparental progeny types) was observed only for male testcross parents. The results suggest that this phenomenon involves homeologous chromosome arms as evidenced by the de novo association of presumed duplicate loci in each case. Classical linkage has not been found for the five pairs of duplicate loci examined in Salvelinus, suggesting that not all of the eight metacentrics in the haploid complement involve fusions of homeologous chromosomes. Females consistently showed a greater degree of recombination.

Scale and selection of habitat and resources: Tibetan argali (Ovis ammon hodgsoni) in high-altitude rangelands

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Singh ◽  
N. G. Yoccoz ◽  
N. Lecomte ◽  
S. D. Côté ◽  
J. L. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Scale Selection ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
Niche Factor ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Ovis Ammon ◽  
Selection Of

Processes of habitat selection occur at multiple spatiotemporal scales, where large-scale selection is often determined by predation risk and landscape features, and finer scale selection by resource abundance and quality. To determine whether this hierarchy exists in relatively homogenous systems, we investigated patterns of habitat (landscape topography) and resource (feeding patch and plant group) selection by a medium-sized ungulate, the Tibetan argali ( Ovis ammon hodgsoni Blyth, 1840), in the high-altitude rangelands of the Indian Trans-Himalaya. We ran ecological niche factor analyses to explore habitat selection, bias-reduced logistic regression to analyze the selection of feeding patches, fuzzy correspondence analysis for vegetation categories, and microhistological analyses for the selection of plant groups. For springs and summers of 2005–2007, argali preferred an intermediate range of altitude, slope, and forage abundance. Selection of feeding patch was mainly determined by forage quality, not biomass, selecting graminoids and forbs, in particular. The avoidance of habitat with high forage abundance could indicate a trade-off between forage quality and quantity; a pattern consistent at the feeding-patch scale. Our results provide evidence that the hierarchical pattern of habitat selection probably also occurs in relatively homogeneous systems.

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