Mixed chorangioma and leiomyoma of the placenta, with a brief review of nontrophoblastic placental lesions

Chorangioma is the most common type of primary non-trophoblastic tumor of the placenta, usually identified incidentally on ultrasound or at delivery. Leiomyomas within the placenta have been described, though they are rare and usually of maternal origin. We present an unusual case of a placental tumor with combined histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of both chorangioma and leiomyoma. A 39-year-old woman was found to have an echogenic placental mass at 33 weeks of gestation on ultrasound, that was thought to be a chorangioma. They followed up weekly, and performed a cesarean section at 39 weeks, due to concern for intrauterine growth restriction. No fetal or maternal complications occurred. Grossly, a 9-cm, red-brown mass with a broad-based stalk was identified on the fetal surface of the placenta near the periphery. Microscopically, the lesion was found to display characteristic features of chorangioma, with vascular proliferation, which stained positive for CD34 and CD31. SMA and caldesmon immunohistochemical staining was also positive, highlighting the proliferation of smooth muscle throughout the neoplasm. Literature review revealed a single additional case with similar characteristics.

Maternal Mortality Trends in Spain During the 2000-2018 Period: The Role of Maternal Origin

Backround: The available literature indicates that there are significant differences in maternal mortality according to maternal origin in high income countries. The aim of this study was to examine the trend in the maternal mortality rate and its most common causes in Spain in recent years and to analyse its relationship with maternal origin.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of all live births as well as those resulting in maternal death in Spain during the period between 2000 and 2018. A descriptive analysis of the maternal mortality rate by cause, region of birth, maternal age, marital status, human development index and continent of maternal origin was performed. The risk of maternal death was calculated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, with adjustment for certain variables included in the descriptive analysis.Results: There was a total of 293 maternal deaths and 8,439,324 live births during the study period. The most common cause of maternal death was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The average maternal death rate was 3.47 per 100,000 live births. The risk of suffering from this complication was higher for immigrant women from less developed countries; therefore, a decrease of 0.01 in the maternal human development index score significantly increased the risk of this complication by 2.4%.Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that there are inequalities in maternal mortality according to maternal origin in Spain. The human development index of the country of maternal origin could be a useful tool when estimating the risk of this complication, taking into account the origin of the pregnant woman.