scholarly journals In Vitro Oocyte Maturation and Ovulation in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri), Northern Pike (Esox lucius), and Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 974-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Jalabert
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Follicular Maturation ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Control Oocyte ◽  
Follicle Maturation ◽  
Ovulatory Process ◽  
Matured Oocyte

The endocrine processes which control oocyte maturation (resumption of meiosis) and ovulation have been studied in vitro in the trout Salmo gairdneri. Follicular maturation is ultimately under the control of a pituitary gonadotropin which induces the follicle to synthesize specific steroids; these steroids act in turn directly on the oocyte to promote maturation. The systematic study of the in vitro efficiency of various steroids have shown that 17α-hydroxy-20β-dihydroprogesterone plays a preferential role in initiating maturation; this steroid has a high affinity for a plasma protein system. The efficiency of this steroid, similarly to the efficiency of the gonadotropin, can be modulated by other circulating steroids. The precise chronology of some events of follicle maturation have been defined using inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis.The ovulatory process (sensu stricto: expulsion of matured oocyte from the follicular envelopes) has been experimentally dissociated from oocyte maturation, and some mediators likely to act on ovulation have been identified.These data permit the consideration of novel means of intervention at the ovarian level to synchronize maturation and ovulation in fish, in order to give new tools for progress in aquaculture.

scholarly journals Pharmaceutical Options for Triggering of Final Oocyte Maturation in ART

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Castillo ◽  
Peter Humaidan ◽  
Rafael Bernabéu
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Follicular Maturation ◽  
Final Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Neuroendocrine Mechanisms ◽  
Hcg Trigger

Since the pioneering days ofin vitrofertilization, hCG has been the gold standard to induce final follicular maturation. We herein reviewed different pharmaceutical options for triggering of final oocyte maturation in ART. The new upcoming agent seems to be GnRHa with its potential advantages over hCG trigger. GnRHa triggering elicits a surge of gonadotropins resembling the natural midcycle surge of gonadotropins, without the prolonged action of hCG, resulting in the retrieval of more mature oocytes and a significant reduction in or elimination of OHSS as compared to hCG triggering. The induction of final follicular maturation using GnRHa represents a paradigm shift in the ovulation triggering concept in ART and, thus, a way to develop a safer IVF procedure. Kisspeptins are key central regulators of the neuroendocrine mechanisms of human reproduction, who have been shown to effectively elicit an LH surge and to induce final oocyte maturation in IVF cycles. This new trigger concept may, therefore, offer a completely new, “natural” pharmacological option for ovulation induction. Whether kisspeptins will be the future agent to trigger ovulation remains to be further explored.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Porcine Follicular Fluid Proteomes of Small and Large Ovarian Follicles

Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Victor M. Paes ◽  
José R. de Figueiredo ◽  
Peter L. Ryan ◽  
Scott T. Willard ◽  
Jean M. Feugang
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
2D Dige ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Sperm Migration ◽  
Shotgun Approach ◽  
Ovulatory Process ◽  
Ovarian Follicular Fluid

Ovarian follicular fluid is widely used for in vitro oocyte maturation, but its in-depth characterization to extract full beneficial effects remains unclear. Here, we performed both shotgun (nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry or nanoLC-MS/MS) and gel-based (two dimension-differential in-gel electrophoresis or 2D-DIGE) proteomics, followed by functional bioinformatics to compare the proteomes of follicular fluids collected from small (<4 mm) and large (>6–12 mm) follicles of pig ovaries. A total of 2321 unique spots were detected with the 2D-DIGE across small and large follicles, while 2876 proteins with 88% successful annotations were detected with the shotgun approach. The shotgun and 2D-DIGE approaches revealed about 426 and 300 proteins that were respectively common across samples. Six proteins detected with both technical approaches were significantly differently expressed between small and large follicles. Pathways such as estrogen and PI3K-Akt signaling were significantly enriched in small follicles while the complement and coagulation cascades pathways were significantly represented in large follicles. Up-regulated proteins in small follicles were in favor of oocyte maturation, while those in large follicles were involved in the ovulatory process preparation. Few proteins with potential roles during sperm–oocyte interactions were especially detected in FF of large follicles and supporting the potential role of the ovarian FF on the intrafallopian sperm migration and interaction with the oocyte.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF STEROIDS IN THE SERUM OF RAINBOW TROUT DURING SPERMIATION AND OOCYTE MATURATION

1980 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. CAMPBELL ◽  
A. FOSTIER ◽  
B. JALABERT ◽  
B. TRUSCOTT
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Final Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Lower Vertebrates ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Identification And Quantification

17α-Hydroxy-20β-dihydroprogesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone were found in higher concentrations in serum from female Salmo gairdneri undergoing final oocyte maturation immediately before ovulation than in serum from spermiating male trout. Other steroids (11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol and progesterone) which have been implicated in oocyte maturation and/or ovulation in lower vertebrates were not identified at such high concentrations and the differences between the serum of both sexes were not so great. These results confirm that 17α-hydroxy-20β-dihydroprogesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, the most potent inducers of trout oocyte maturation in vitro, are present in the blood when oocyte maturation occurs. The concentration of testosterone was found to be higher in serum from female than from male trout indicating that testosterone is unlikely to be the principal androgen in trout. High concentrations of 11-oxotestosterone in male and barely detectable levels in female fish support the hypothesis that 11-oxotestosterone is an important androgen in the regulation of testicular activity.

Effects of ghrelin on activation of Akt1 and ERK1/2 pathways during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes

Zygote ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas-Markos Chouzouris ◽  
Eleni Dovolou ◽  
Fotini Krania ◽  
Ioannis S. Pappas ◽  
Konstantinos Dafopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Nuclear Maturation ◽  
Bovine Oocytes ◽  
Phosphorylation Rate ◽  
Matured Oocyte

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the possible molecular pathways through which ghrelin accelerates in vitro oocyte maturation. Bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs), after 18 or 24 h maturation in the absence or the presence of 800 pg ml–1 of acylated ghrelin were either assessed for nuclear maturation or underwent in vitro fertilization in standard media and putative zygotes were cultured in vitro for 8 days. In a subset of COCs the levels of phosphorylated Akt1 and ERK1/2 (MAPK1/3) were assessed at the 0th, 6th, 10th, 18th and 24th hours of in vitro maturation (IVM). At 18 and 24 h no difference existed in the proportion of matured oocytes in the ghrelin-treated group, while in the control group more (P < 0.05) matured oocyte were found at 24 h. Oocyte maturation for 24 h in the presence of ghrelin resulted in substantially reduced (P < 0.05) blastocyst yield(16.3%) in comparison with that obtained after 18 h (30.0%) or to both control groups (29.3% and 26.9%, for 18 and 24 h in maturation, respectively). Ghrelin-treated oocytes expressed lower Akt1 phosphorylation rate at the 10th hour of IVM, and higher ERK1/2 at the 6th and 10th hours of IVM compared with controls. In cumulus cells, at the 18th and 24th hours of IVM Akt1 phosphorylation rate was higher in ghrelin-treated oocytes. Our results imply that ghrelin acts in a different time-dependent manner on bovine oocytes and cumulus cells modulating Akt1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which brings about acceleration of the oocyte maturation process.

scholarly journals Different Methods for Inducing Final Oocyte Maturation When Employing Progesterone-Primed Ovarian Stimulation Protocols

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ju Sung ◽  
Liang-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Tzu-Hsuan Chin ◽  
Shang-Yu Huang ◽  
Hsing-Tse Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Poor Ovarian Response ◽  
Follicular Maturation ◽  
Ovarian Hyper Stimulation Syndrome ◽  
Maturation Rate ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Evidently, when undergoing GnRH-antagonist protocols, dual trigger has proven to produce not just better quality and quantity of oocytes but also pregnancy outcome. However, not much comparative studies have been published when PPOS protocol is used for ovarian stimulation. Can the same positive outcomes be expected after the patients have been exposed to the high level of progesterone required for PPOS protocols? Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients undergoing PPOS protocols were separated into three groups based on the method employed for triggering final follicular maturation, which included: (a) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG); (b) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist (GnRH-agonist); or (c)dual trigger (GnRH-agonist + hCG). Either in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) was utilized for fertilization. Assessment comprised of their dynamic hormone profiles, embryonic analysis, and clinical outcomes. Results Of the 344 recruited patients, those fulfilling the Bologna criteria as poor ovarian responders and showing Estradiol (E2)<1000 pg/ml on the day of triggering had higher oocyte maturation rate (82% vs 58%, p<0.05) when triggered with dual trigger (GnRH-agonist + hCG) than hCG alone. For the patients with E2> 6500 pg/ml on the day of triggering, none of the three triggering methods demonstrated a significant advantage regarding the number of oocytes, percentage of matured oocytes, and rate of oocytes at fertilization or cleavage stages. Conclusions Implementing dual trigger for stimulating final follicular maturation in patients undergoing PPOS protocols is debatable. For poor ovarian response (POR) patients, dual trigger appeared to yield higher percentage of matured oocytes. In contrast, for hyper-responders, methods of triggering oocyte maturation did not affect the percentage of matured oocytes or the qualities of the embryos. For this group of patients, therefore, the agent used should be one that would reduce the risks of ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Role of Prostaglandins in Fish Reproduction

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Stacey ◽  
F. W. Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
Synthesis Inhibitor ◽  
Female Sexual Behavior ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus

Prostaglandins (PGs) have been identified in gonads, semen, ovarian fluid, blood, and in vitro ovarian incubates from a variety of teleosts. In teleosts, PGs appear to be involved in ovulation (follicular rupture) and female sexual behavior, and possibly in gonadotropin (GtH) secretion. An increase in prostaglandin F (PGF) levels associated with GtH-induced ovulation occurs in vivo in the pond loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) and goldfish (Carassius auratus). Indomethacin (PG synthesis inhibitor) blocks ovulation in these species and, in goldfish, PG injection reverses this blockade. PGF2α stimulates in vitro ovulation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens); however, in perch, PGE2 is the most potent prostaglandin. Addition of melatonin to incubation medium both inhibits ovulation and decreases PGE and PGF synthesis in yellow perch, while addition of epinephrine and theophylline both enhances ovulation and increases PGE and PGF synthesis. Several studies indicate that PG, released from the ovaries or oviduct in response to the presence of ovulated oocytes, acts on the brain to stimulate female spawning behavior in the goldfish. Other externally fertilizing teleosts may use similar mechanisms to synchronize female sexual behavior with ovulation.Key words: prostaglandins, fish reproduction, ovulation, sexual behavior

scholarly journals The Differential Metabolomes in Cumulus and Mural Granulosa Cells from Human Preovulatory Follicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Er-Meng Gao ◽  
Bongkoch Turathum ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Di Zhang ◽  
Yu-Bing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Preovulatory Follicles ◽  
Morphological Differences

AbstractThis study evaluated the differences in metabolites between cumulus cells (CCs) and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) from human preovulatory follicles to understand the mechanism of oocyte maturation involving CCs and MGCs. CCs and MGCs were collected from women who were undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. The differences in morphology were determined by immunofluorescence. The metabolomics of CCs and MGCs was measured by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) followed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis to further confirm the genes and proteins involved in oocyte maturation. CCs and MGCs were cultured for 48 h in vitro, and the medium was collected for detection of hormone levels. There were minor morphological differences between CCs and MGCs. LC-MS/MS analysis showed that there were differences in 101 metabolites between CCs and MGCs: 7 metabolites were upregulated in CCs, and 94 metabolites were upregulated in MGCs. The metabolites related to cholesterol transport and estradiol production were enriched in CCs, while metabolites related to antiapoptosis were enriched in MGCs. The expression of genes and proteins involved in cholesterol transport (ABCA1, LDLR, and SCARB1) and estradiol production (SULT2B1 and CYP19A1) was significantly higher in CCs, and the expression of genes and proteins involved in antiapoptosis (CRLS1, LPCAT3, and PLA2G4A) was significantly higher in MGCs. The level of estrogen in CCs was significantly higher than that in MGCs, while the progesterone level showed no significant differences. There are differences between the metabolomes of CCs and MGCs. These differences may be involved in the regulation of oocyte maturation.

scholarly journals Glycine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction caused by ABT-199 in porcine oocytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sicong Yu ◽  
Lepeng Gao ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Shuang Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Maturation In Vitro

Abstract Mitochondria play an important role in controlling oocyte developmental competence. Our previous studies showed that glycine can regulate mitochondrial function and improve oocyte maturation in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which glycine affects mitochondrial function during oocyte maturation in vitro have not been fully investigated. In this study, we induced a mitochondrial damage model in oocytes with the Bcl-2-specific antagonist ABT-199. We investigated whether glycine could reverse the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ABT-199 exposure and whether it is related to calcium regulation. Our results showed that ABT-199 inhibited cumulus expansion, decreased the oocyte maturation rate and the intracellular glutathione (GSH) level, caused mitochondrial dysfunction, induced oxidative stress, which was confirmed by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (Δ⍦m) and the expression of mitochondrial function-related genes (PGC-1α), and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the expression of apoptosis-associated genes (Bax, caspase-3, CytC). More importantly, ABT-199-treated oocytes showed an increase in the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca 2+]i) and had impaired cortical type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R1) distribution. Nevertheless, treatment with glycine significantly ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and apoptosis, glycine also regulated [Ca 2+]i levels and IP3R1 cellular distribution, which further protects oocyte maturation in ABT-199-induced porcine oocytes. Taken together, our results indicate that glycine has a protective action against ABT-199-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in porcine oocytes.

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