Escape Behaviour and Use of Cover by Young-of-the-Year Brook Trout, Salvelinus fontinalis

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1390-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. A. Grant ◽  
David L. G. Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Escape Behaviour ◽  
Reactive Distance ◽  
Foraging Rate ◽  
Young Of The Year

The distance between young-of-the-year (YOY) brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and an approaching observer when the trout first fled (reactive distance) was significantly shorter in areas of high cover than in areas of low cover. Reactive distance was negatively correlated with foraging rate in one stream but not in another. These results provide some support for a recent economic model of escape behaviour. Three measures of willingness to take risks while foraging, reactive distance, latency to forage after a disturbance, and use of foraging sites with overhead cover, increased with increasing body size of YOY brook trout. We suggest that stream-resident salmonids become more wary with increasing size because the relative benefits of growing quickly, and hence taking risks while foraging, decrease with increasing body size.

Elevated Levels of Arginine Vasotocin in the Brain of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from Acid Lakes: A Field Test of a Potential Biomarker for Acid Stress

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1717-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hontela ◽  
J. B. Rasmussen ◽  
K. Lederis ◽  
H. V. Tra ◽  
G. Chevalier
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Relationship

The levels of arginine vasotocin (AVT), an osmoregulatory peptide, were determined by radioimmunoassay in brain tissue of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) of a wide size range (50–380 mm) from softwater Laurentian lakes ranging in pH from 5.0 to 6.9 at different seasons. Multivariate models (ANCOVA) were developed to quantify the relationship between AVT, pH, body size, and season. Brain AVT levels increased with body size, and the allometric slope was highest in the low-pH lakes (pH 5.0-5.5). Although brook trout > 150 mm had higher brain AVT levels at low pH, no significant differences were detected for brook trout < 150 mm. We hypothesize that the sensitivity of brook trout at the parr stage to acid stress may be linked to their inability to mobilize a hormonal response involving AVT. The seasonal variation in brain AVT levels was similar in all the lakes studied, summer levels being the highest. Although this field study revealed that AVT levels depend also on factors other than acid stress (body size and season), our ANCOVA models allow adjustment for the effects of these covariables. Analyses of this type can be used to field test and calibrate biomarkers for use in ecotoxicology.

Reproductive timing and use of redd sites by lake-spawning brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1997 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
P J Blanchfield ◽  
M S Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Spawning Activity ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Rapid Replacement ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Selection Of

We provide a detailed description of a salmonine mating system based on daily observations of tagged individuals in a lake-spawning population of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) throughout two breeding seasons. Actual spawning occurred over a period of ~50 d. Over 90% of spawning males were present soon after spawning commenced and outnumbered females for the duration of the spawning period. The amount of time males and females remained on the spawning grounds increased with body size; however, males were present over a longer period than females of equivalent size. A distinct seasonal peak in spawning activity (~15 d) accounted for 58 and 84% (1994 and 1995) of all reproduction and was coincident with a decline in water temperature below 11°C and increased rainfall. Selection of redd sites by female brook trout was determined by groundwater flow which was significantly greater than at nonspawning sites. A preference for certain redd sites was observed, with 50% of spawnings occurring at 11 sites. The construction of multiple redds and duration in spawning activity by females increased with body size. Extensive reuse of redd sites and rapid replacement of females during removal experiments indicate that redd sites are a limiting resource.

Genetic Variation and Fitness: A Test in a Naturalized Population of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 2152-2162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arunas P. Liskauskas ◽  
Moira M. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Provincial Park

The relationship between enzyme heterozygosity and several components of fitness (size and survival) was examined in a naturalized population of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario. Significant differences in allele frequency and the number of heterozygous loci per individual were found among five age classes spanning most of the life history stages of brook trout in this population. A young of the year (YOY) cohort sampled after a period of high natural mortality had significantly greater numbers of heterozygous loci per individual than YOY sampled shortly after emergence from redd sites. A positive association between heterozygosity and size was only found in YOY sampled in June and not in the other age classes in which sexual maturity was not a complicating factor. The association between heterozygosity and size was affected by the onset of sexual maturity. Significant negative regressions between multilocus or single locus heterozygosity and size were found in mature males whereas heterozygosity was positively associated with size in females. These dissimilarities may be the result of differences in growth rates prior to sexual maturation and differential allocation of energy towards gametic and somatic tissue.

Aggressiveness and the Foraging Behaviour of Young-of-the-Year Brook Charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. A. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Brook Charr ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Foraging Site ◽  
Young Of The Year ◽  
Foraging Radius

Individual young-of-the-year brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) were observed in the field to relate their aggressiveness to their body size, the size and quality of their foraging site, and their feeding rate. Aggressive charr were 13% larger than nonaggressive conspecifics observed on the same day in the same area. Aggressive fish had a lateral foraging radius 29% larger than nonaggressive fish and a 45% greater mean distance to neighbours, even when the effect of body size was removed by analysis of covariance. Aggressive fish of two size categories (20–29 and 40–99 mm) made 70 and 55% more feeding attempts per unit time, respectively, than nonaggressive fish of the same size. Number of prey items in stomachs was significantly and positively correlated with feeding attempt rate. In addition, aggressive fish appeared to occupy more preferred sites, since their sites were significantly more likely to be reoccupied after their removal than were sites occupied by nonaggressive fish. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that defence of a foraging site is a better tactic than ignoring conspecifics.

scholarly journals Gastric Evacuation in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Fry: Effect of Body Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Seyhan ◽  
Nimet Selda Başçinar ◽  
Nadir Başçinar ◽  
Umar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Gastric Evacuation

Does the rate of foraging attempts predict ingestion rate for young-of-the-year brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the field?

1996 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 1814-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Biro ◽  
M S Ridgway ◽  
R L McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Ingestion Rate ◽  
Young Of The Year

scholarly journals Small population size and low genomic diversity have no effect on fitness in experimental translocations of a wild fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1916) ◽  
pp. 20191989 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Yates ◽  
E. Bowles ◽  
D. J. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Isolated Populations

Little empirical work in nature has quantified how wild populations with varying effective population sizes and genetic diversity perform when exposed to a gradient of ecologically important environmental conditions. To achieve this, juvenile brook trout from 12 isolated populations or closed metapopulations that differ substantially in population size and genetic diversity were transplanted to previously fishless ponds spanning a wide gradient of ecologically important variables. We evaluated the effect of genome-wide variation, effective population size ( N e ), pond habitat, and initial body size on two fitness correlates (survival and growth). Genetic variables had no effect on either fitness correlate, which was determined primarily by habitat (pond temperature, depth, and pH) and initial body size. These results suggest that some vertebrate populations with low genomic diversity, low N e , and long-term isolation can represent important sources of variation and are capable of maintaining fitness in, and ultimately persisting and adapting to, changing environments. Our results also reinforce the paramount importance of improving available habitat and slowing habitat degradation for species conservation.

Exotic “Gill Lice” Species (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae:SalmincolaSPP.) Infect Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in the Southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos F. Ruiz ◽  
Jacob M. Rash ◽  
Doug A. Besler ◽  
Jackson R. Roberts ◽  
Micah B. Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Parasite-induced susceptibility to predation in diplostomiasis

Parasitology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Brassard ◽  
M. E. Rau ◽  
M. A. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Induced Susceptibility ◽  
Diplostomum Spathaceum

Guppies (Lebistes reticulatis) exposed to doses as low as 25 cercariae of Diplostomum spathaceum for 30 min were consistently and significantly more susceptible to predation by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) than uninfected controls. The increase in susceptibility to predation was correlated with a marked decrease in the activity of infected fish.

scholarly journals Brook trout passage performance through culverts

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Goerig ◽  
Theodore Castro-Santos ◽  
Normand Émile Bergeron
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Passive Integrated Transponder ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Corrugated Metal

Culverts can restrict access to habitat for stream-dwelling fishes. We used passive integrated transponder telemetry to quantify passage performance of >1000 wild brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) attempting to pass 13 culverts in Quebec under a range of hydraulic and environmental conditions. Several variables influenced passage success, including complex interactions between physiology and behavior, hydraulics, and structural characteristics. The probability of successful passage was greater through corrugated metal culverts than through smooth ones, particularly among smaller fish. Trout were also more likely to pass at warmer temperatures, but this effect diminished above 15 °C. Passage was impeded at higher flows, through culverts with steep slopes, and those with deep downstream pools. This study provides insight on factors influencing brook trout capacity to pass culverts as well as a model to estimate passage success under various conditions, with an improved resolution and accuracy over existing approaches. It also presents methods that could be used to investigate passage success of other species, with implications for connectivity of the riverscape.

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