Production and Biomass Size Spectra in the Bay of Quinte, A Eutrophic Ecosystem

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. s148-s155 ◽  
Author(s):  
C K. Minns ◽  
E. S. Millard ◽  
J. M. Cooley ◽  
M. G. Johnson ◽  
D. A. Hurley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
White Perch ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Morone Americana ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fishery Exploitation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Climate Fluctuation

From the 1940s on, the Bay of Quinte was subjected to increased point-source phosphorus loading. This and other stresses (exploitation, fish species invasion, and perhaps climate fluctuation) altered the productivity of the ecosystem and community structure. In the late 1970s, point-source loading was greatly reduced. At the same time, walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreurn) produced the largest year class ever recorded and surged to abundance greater than those seen in the 1950s before its collapse. Also, the dominant invader white perch (Morone americana), which had flourished in the 1960s and 1970s, was almost eliminated by a low-temperature kill. Studies of the bay ecosystem before and after these events indicated that while nutrients and algae responded to changes in nutrient loadings, changes in secondary producers hinged on the changes in the fish community. Use of Borgmann's biomass size spectrum model provides a focus for the interpretation of nutrient- and predator-related changes in biomass distribution. Deviations of the biomass spectrum are interpreted. The biomass and production spectra are linked to both phosphorus concentrations, observed and predicted, and to fishery exploitation rates. The results suggest that while nutrients control the overall biomass of the ecosystem and the slope of the biomass spectrum, trophic interactions and perturbations (e.g. exploitation) determine the degree to which a smooth biomass spectrum is achieved.

scholarly journals “Un orgullo de Cuba en los cielos del mundo”. Cubana de aviación from Miami to Bagdad (1946–79)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Etienne Morales
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Cuban Revolution ◽  
East Berlin ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
American Flag

This article focuses on the transformation of the carrier Cubana de aviación before and after the 1959 Cuban revolution. By observing Cubana's management, labour force, equipment, international passenger and freight traffic, this article aims to outline an international history of this Latin American flag carrier. The touristic air relationships between the American continent and Spain that could be observed in the 1950s were substituted – in the 1960s and 1970s – by a web of political “líneas de la amistad” [Friendship Flights] with Prague, Santiago de Chile, East Berlin, Lima, Luanda, Managua, Tripoli and Bagdad. This three-decade period allows us to interrogate breaks and continuities in the Cuban airline travel sector and to challenge the traditional interpretations of Cuban history. This work is based on diplomatic and corporative archives from Cuba, United States, Canada, Mexico, Spain and France and the aeronautical international press.

scholarly journals A tale of two centuries: The körtti movement and dress in battles over Finnish politics and identities

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Mari Almila
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Marriage Law ◽  
Same Sex Marriage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Similar Kind

This article interrogates the transforming sartorial styles of the Christian Protestant revivalist körtti movement in Finland in and around two very specific historical moments: Finland’s independence from Russia in 1917, and the amendment of the Marriage Act in 2014 that saw the legalization of same-sex marriage in 2017. The analysis covers crucial periods before and after the independence: late nineteenth and early twentieth century, when Russia sought to tighten its control over autonomous Finland and the Finnish intelligentsia organized to resist such attempts; through the civil war of 1918, to the turbulent right-/left-divided years of the 1920s and 1930s. Then, the liberalization of the körtti movement from the 1960s and 1970s onwards, and the effect of this upon the debates and battles over the equal marriage law before and after the law came into effect is discussed. I show how, through changing histories, changing garments have the capacity to play key roles. By focusing on a particular movement through different times, the article will consider how groups that go by the same name may be fundamentally different from their historical predecessors; how they may yet recognize a similar kind of garment even if they attach different associations to it, and how new garments are sometimes required in order to communicate the new positions of those movements and individuals. In the context of analyses of garments and cultural positions, this underlines the necessity to think of certain ‘times’ as part of a continuum in which changes and continuities in dress play out and influence sociopolitical relations.

Feeding and Trophic Interactions of White Perch (Morone americana) in the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2249-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Consumption Rate ◽  
White Perch ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Morone Americana ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Daily Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Benthic Food ◽  
Specific Diet

White perch (Morone americana) biomass declined dramatically in the Bay of Quinte in 1978 after two abnormally cold winters in 1976–77 and 1977–78. White perch diet was qualitatively and quantitatively different before and after the population decline. Changes in production and standing stocks of diet items were related to reduced eutrophy when phosphorus inputs to the bay were restricted in early 1978. The hypothesis that phytoplankton biomass in the shallow, highly eutrophic upper bay was related to white perch biomass through the benthic food web was not supported by the calculated daily consumption of benthos. White perch consumed about 5% of the daily production of chironomids in 1972–77 and less than 1% in 1978–88. In the less eutrophic, deep lower bay, predation on the amphipod Pontoporeia hoyi in August–September was 112% of daily production before 1978 and affected their biomass. After 1978 when white perch biomass was reduced in the lower bay, daily consumption of P. hoyi was 1% of daily production, and numbers of P. hoyi expanded greatly. Data linking consumption rate of specific diet items to production are necessary to establish trophic relationships and follow the effects of biomass shifts.

Local and National Elites in the German Empire: The Case of the Württemberg Varnbülers

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-55
Author(s):  
Irmline Veit-Brause
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
German Empire ◽  
National Integration ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sociocultural Diversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Work Done

The formation of a national elite in Germany during the period before and after political unification, 1871, is still a largely unexplored topic in German social history. The Prussocentric perspective in German historiography, which is still prevailing in much of the work done by the so-called critical history of the 1960s and 1970s, has tended to give scant consideration to the sociocultural diversity underlying and enshrined in the federal structure of the Empire. The process of national consolidation of Imperial society could profitably be studied along the center-periphery continuum of national integration. It would be interesting, in particular, to subject to closer scrutiny the notion of “preindustrial elites,” which held on to the reigns of power in Prussia-Germany at a time of such rapid social and economic change.

Ken Russell's Wartime Imagery

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
War Films ◽  
Personal Style ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Wartime Experience ◽  
National Experience

This article traces Ken Russell's explorations of war and wartime experience over the course of his career. In particular, it argues that Russell's scattered attempts at coming to terms with war, the rise of fascism and memorialisation are best understood in terms of a combination of Russell's own tastes and personal style, wider stylistic and thematic trends in Euro-American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s, and discourses of collective national experience. In addition to identifying Russell's recurrent techniques, this article focuses on how the residual impacts of the First and Second World Wars appear in his favoured genres: literary adaptations and composer biopics. Although the article looks for patterns and similarities in Russell's war output, it differentiates between his First and Second World War films by indicating how he engages with, and temporarily inhabits, the stylistic regime of the enemy within the latter group.

Mind Bending, Mental Seduction and Menticide: Brainwashing in British Spy Dramas of the 1960s

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Burton
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Thought Control ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Scientific Background ◽  
Mind Control ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cultural Fantasy

Brainwashing assumed the proportions of a cultural fantasy during the Cold War period. The article examines the various political, scientific and cultural contexts of brainwashing, and proceeds to a consideration of the place of mind control in British spy dramas made for cinema and television in the 1960s and 1970s. Particular attention is given to the films The Mind Benders (1963) and The Ipcress File (1965), and to the television dramas Man in a Suitcase (1967–8), The Prisoner (1967–8) and Callan (1967–81), which gave expression to the anxieties surrounding thought-control. Attention is given to the scientific background to the representations of brainwashing, and the significance of spy scandals, treasons and treacheries as a distinct context to the appearance of brainwashing on British screens.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

The ‘Modernisation’ of Scotland and its Impact on Glasgow, 1955–1979: ‘Unwanted Side Effects’ and Vulnerabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chik Collins ◽  
Ian Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

This article reports findings of research into the far-reaching plan to ‘modernise’ the Scottish economy, which emerged from the mid-late 1950s and was formally adopted by government in the early 1960s. It shows the growing awareness amongst policy-makers from the mid-1960s as to the profoundly deleterious effects the implementation of the plan was having on Glasgow. By 1971 these effects were understood to be substantial with likely severe consequences for the future. Nonetheless, there was no proportionate adjustment to the regional policy which was creating these understood ‘unwanted’ outcomes, even when such was proposed by the Secretary of State for Scotland. After presenting these findings, the paper offers some consideration as to their relevance to the task of accounting for Glasgow's ‘excess mortality’. It is suggested that regional policy can be seen to have contributed to the accumulation of ‘vulnerabilities’, particularly in Glasgow but also more widely in Scotland, during the 1960s and 1970s, and that the impact of the post-1979 UK government policy agenda on these vulnerabilities is likely to have been salient in the increase in ‘excess mortality’ evident in subsequent years.

The Fragmentation of the Palestinian Political Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-216
Author(s):  
Jamil Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Field ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
National Representation ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Palestinian National Movement ◽  
The Relationship

The mid-1960s saw the beginnings of the construction of a Palestinian political field after it collapsed in 1948, when, with the British government’s support of the Zionist movement, which succeeded in establishing the state of Israel, the Palestinian national movement was crushed. This article focuses mainly on the Palestinian political field as it developed in the 1960s and 1970s, the beginnings of its fragmentation in the 1990s, and its almost complete collapse in the first decade of this century. It was developed on a structure characterized by the dominance of a center where the political leadership functioned. The center, however, was established outside historic Palestine. This paper examines the components and dynamics of the relationship between the center and the peripheries, and the causes of the decline of this center and its eventual disappearance, leaving the constituents of the Palestinian people under local political leadership following the collapse of the national representation institutions, that is, the political, organizational, military, cultural institutions and sectorial organizations (women, workers, students, etc.) that made up the PLO and its frameworks. The paper suggests that the decline of the political field as a national field does not mean the disintegration of the cultural field. There are, in fact, indications that the cultural field has a new vitality that deserves much more attention than it is currently assigned.

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