The relationship between genetic and cytogenetic maps of pea. I. Standard and translocation karyotypes

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Hall ◽  
J. S. Parker ◽  
T. H. N. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangement ◽  
Translocation Line ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Cytogenetical Study ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Translocation Karyotypes ◽  
The Relationship

A detailed cytogenetical study of inbred lines of pea and their F1 hybrids has been undertaken to study the relationship between the cytogenetic map and the molecular linkage map. The mitotic karyotypes of a standard pea line, JI15, a translocation line, JI61, and line JI281, a line used in the production of a mapping population, are given. A chromosome rearrangement detected by cytogenetic analysis of mitotic chromosomes has been further defined by synaptonemal complex (SC) analysis and the study of metaphase I chromosome behaviour. This meiotic analysis has allowed a comparison of SC physical lengths, observed chiasma frequencies, and recombination frequencies, as estimated from the genetic map, as a means of comparing physical and genetic distances.Key words: Pisum, linkage map, cytogenetics, chromosome rearrangement, synaptonemal complex.

scholarly journals Local chromatin fiber folding represses transcription and loop extrusion in quiescent cells

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah G Swygert ◽  
Dejun Lin ◽  
Stephanie Portillo-Ledesma ◽  
Po-Yen Lin ◽  
Dakota R Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromatin Fiber ◽  
State Transitions ◽  
Chromatin Domain ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Histone H4 ◽  
Mitotic Chromosomes ◽  
Quiescent Cells ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Dividing Cells ◽  
The Relationship

A longstanding hypothesis is that chromatin fiber folding mediated by interactions between nearby nucleosomes represses transcription. However, it has been difficult to determine the relationship between local chromatin fiber compaction and transcription in cells. Further, global changes in fiber diameters have not been observed, even between interphase and mitotic chromosomes. We show that an increase in the range of local inter-nucleosomal contacts in quiescent yeast drives the compaction of chromatin fibers genome-wide. Unlike actively dividing cells, inter-nucleosomal interactions in quiescent cells require a basic patch in the histone H4 tail. This quiescence-specific fiber folding globally represses transcription and inhibits chromatin loop extrusion by condensin. These results reveal that global changes in chromatin fiber compaction can occur during cell state transitions, and establish physiological roles for local chromatin fiber folding in regulating transcription and chromatin domain formation.

Rat Chromosome 1: Regional localization of seven genes (Slc9a3, Srd5a1, Esr, Tcp1, Grik5, Tnnt3, Jak2) and anchoring of the genetic linkage map to the cytogenetic map

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Szpirer ◽  
J. Szpirer ◽  
F. Tissir ◽  
E. Stephanova ◽  
P. Vanvooren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Genetic Linkage Map ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Regional Localization

The relationship between synaptonemal complex length and genome size in four vertebrate classes (Osteicthyes, Reptilia, Aves, Mammalia)

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Peterson ◽  
Stephen M. Stack ◽  
Joseph L. Healy ◽  
Bryon S. Donohoe ◽  
Lorinda K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complex Length

Integration of the Cytogenetic and Genetic Linkage Maps of Brassica oleracea

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 1225-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine C Howell ◽  
Guy C Barker ◽  
Gareth H Jones ◽  
Michael J Kearsey ◽  
Graham J King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Genetic Map ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Opposite Orientation ◽  
Cytogenetic Map ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Genetic Linkage Maps

Abstract We have assigned all nine linkage groups of a Brassica oleracea genetic map to each of the nine chromosomes of the karyotype derived from mitotic metaphase spreads of the B. oleracea var. alboglabra line A12DHd using FISH. The majority of probes were BACs, with A12DHd DNA inserts, which give clear, reliable FISH signals. We have added nine markers to the existing integrated linkage map, distributed over six linkage groups. BACs were definitively assigned to linkage map positions through development of locus-specific PCR assays. Integration of the cytogenetic and genetic linkage maps was achieved with 22 probes representing 19 loci. Four chromosomes (2, 4, 7, and 9) are in the same orientation as their respective linkage groups (O4, O7, O8, and O6) whereas four chromosomes (1, 3, 5, and 8) and linkage groups (O3, O9, O2, and O1) are in the opposite orientation. The remaining chromosome (6) is probably in the opposite orientation. The cytogenetic map is an important resource for locating probes with unknown genetic map positions and is also being used to analyze the relationships between genetic and cytogenetic maps.

Location of the Ph1 locus in the metaphase chromosome map and the linkage map of the 5Bq arm of wheat

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jampates ◽  
J. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangement ◽  
Distal Region ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Ph1 Locus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Populations

Heterogenetic chromosome pairing in wheat is prevented by the Ph1 locus on the q (=L) arm of chromosome 5B. Two durum wheat cv. Cappelli structural mutants with rearranged 5Bq chromosome arms were investigated to determine the location of the Ph1 locus in the metaphase map and the linkage map of the arm. One of the mutants, Cap5Bq−, has a deletion of subregion 5Bq12.3 between C-bands 5Bq12.2 and 5Bq21 and the other one, Cap5Bq+, has the same subregion duplicated. Each mutant and standard cv. Cappelli were crossed with Aegilops kotschyi, Ae. ovata, Ae. cylindrica, Ae. ventricosa, Ae. juvenalis, and "Ae. crassa 6x." Hybrids involving Cap5Bq− had higher levels of chromosome pairing than those involving cv. Cappelli, whereas those involving Cap5Bq+ had lower levels of pairing than those involving cv. Cappelli. Cap5Bq− was crossed with cv. Cappelli and the F1 was hybridized with Ae. kotschyi and Ae. ventricosa. All hybrids with the 5Bq− chromosome had a higher level of chromosome pairing than those with the standard chromosome. Cap5Bq+ was crossed with cv. Cappelli and the F1 was hybridized with Ae. kotschyi. Most hybrids with the 5Bq+ chromosome had a lower level of chromosome pairing than those with the standard chromosome. Because the difference between the means of the two populations was small (0.43 chiasmata per cell) and the distributions overlapped, the strength of the linkage between the duplication and reduced pairing could not be determined; the data, nevertheless, showed that the reduced pairing must be strongly, if not completely, linked to the duplication. It is therefore concluded that the Ph1 locus is in the euchromatic subregion 5Bq12.3, 5Bq− is a null for Ph1, and 5Bq+ has two Ph1 loci. The 5Bq+ chromosome was substituted into Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring, the substitution was crossed with cv. Chinese Spring ditelosomic 5Bq, and the F1 was crossed with cv. Chinese Spring monosomic 5B. Recombination of C-bands relative to each other and the centromere was determined with the objective of determining the distribution of crossing-over along the 5Bq arm and the linkage of the subregion 5Bq12.3 with the centromere. The distibution of crossing-over was greatly distorted, most occurred in the distal region of the arm. The subregion 5Bq12.3 showed a tight linkage with the centromere, even though it is in the middle of the 5Bq arm. It is proposed to designate the cv. Cappelli Ph1− mutation as ph1c.Key words: Triticum, map distortion, homoeologous pairing, chromosome pairing, chromosome rearrangement.

PHYLOGENETIC STUDIES OF ANEMONE STYLOSA

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Boraiah
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Rearrangement ◽  
Large Chromosome ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Meiotic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Small Set

A collection of the allotetraploid Anemone stylosa Nelson from Heliotrope Mts., Gunnison, Utah, was successfully crossed with A. multifida Poir. (tetraploid) and the diploids A. riparia Fern., A. virginiana L., A. silvestris L., and A. pavonina Lam. The karyotype of A. stylosa resembles that of A. multifida except for modifications of chromosome VII in the “large set” and chromosome IV in the “small set”. Meiotic analysis in A. stylosa × A. multifida hybrids indicates that these modifications are due to a chromosome interchange and that this is the only detectable chromosome rearrangement between the two species.Analysis of the crosses with the diploids corroborates these conclusions and suggests that the donor of the “large-chromosome” set of A. stylosa had the A. riparia karyotype rather than the A. virginiana one. A. stylosa may have originated as a variant of A. multifida in which an interchange became established homozygously.

scholarly journals DNA Organization along Pachytene Chromosome Axes and Its Relationship with Crossover Frequencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2414
Author(s):  
Lucía del Priore ◽  
María Inés Pigozzi
Keyword(s):  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Dna Loops ◽  
Recombination Rates ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Bivalent Chromosome ◽  
Dna Organization ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Chromosome Segments ◽  
The Relationship

During meiosis, the number of crossovers vary in correlation to the length of prophase chromosome axes at the synaptonemal complex stage. It has been proposed that the regular spacing of the DNA loops, along with the close relationship of the recombination complexes and the meiotic axes are at the basis of this covariation. Here, we use a cytogenomic approach to investigate the relationship between the synaptonemal complex length and the DNA content in chicken oocytes during the pachytene stage of the first meiotic prophase. The synaptonemal complex to DNA ratios of specific chromosomes and chromosome segments were compared against the recombination rates obtained by MLH1 focus mapping. The present results show variations in the DNA packing ratios of macro- and microbivalents and also between regions within the same bivalent. Chromosome or chromosome regions with higher crossover rates form comparatively longer synaptonemal complexes than expected based on their DNA content. These observations are compatible with the formation of higher number of shorter DNA loops along meiotic axes in regions with higher recombination levels.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYNAPTINEMAL COMPLEXES, RECOMBINATION NODULES AND CROSSING OVER IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA BIVALENTS AND TRANSLOCATION QUADRIVALENTS

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
C B Gillies
Keyword(s):  
Neurospora Crassa ◽  
Linkage Map ◽  
Central Component ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Late Pachytene ◽  
Recombination Nodules ◽  
Crossover Event ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Nodules

ABSTRACT Reconstruction of serially sectioned zygotene and pachytene nuclei has allowed the estimation of both the number and position of central component recombination nodules in the synaptinemal complexes of two chromosomally different strains of Neurospora crussa. In both strains the number of nodules is that expected if each nodule represents one crossover event (50 map units). The distribution of nodules within the arms of bivalents shows evidence of centromeric repulsion and telomeric localizatioa. Nodules appear quite early in the zygotene before pairing of chromosomes is complete. Evidence was found of size differences in nodules, and multiple nodules were occasionally seen. Chromosome lengths and nuclear sizes increased from early zygotene to late pachytene. The three quadrivalents present in the alcoy translocation heterozygotes were readily distinguishable in reconstructions, and their cytological dimensions were in agreement with predictions from linkage map distances.

The relationship between genome size and synaptonemal complex length in higher plants

1985 ◽  
Vol 156 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
L ANDERSON ◽  
S STACK ◽  
M FOX ◽  
Z CHUANSHAN
Keyword(s):  
Synaptonemal Complex ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Complex Length

The relationship between genetic and cytogenetic maps of pea. II. Physical maps of linkage mapping populations

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 755-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Hall ◽  
J. S. Parker ◽  
T. H. N. Ellis ◽  
L. Turner ◽  
M. R. Knox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Physical Maps ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mapping Populations

A cytogenetic analysis of inbred lines that have been used to generate genetic maps of pea is presented. Mitotic karyotyping of the inbred lines and meiotic studies of their F1 hybrids have been used to test the prediction that structural differences exist between the parental lines. The results are not compatible with the previously published molecular data. A reordered and updated linkage map of pea is presented that is consistent with the cytogenetic data.Key words: Pisum, linkage map, recombination, synaptonemal complex, chiasmata.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document