Dietary components influence tissue-associated lactobacilli in the mouse stomach

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Brockett ◽  
Gerald W. Tannock
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Stomach Analysis ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Prepared Food ◽  
Pelleted Food

Conventional mice fed commercially prepared pelleted food, or a laboratory-prepared food consisting of casein, cornflour, bran, vitamins, and minerals, harboured a layer of lactobacilli on the nonsecretory epithelium of the stomach. In contrast, the majority of mice fed the laboratory-prepared diet to which corn, sunflower seed, or codliver oil had been added lacked a iactobacillus layer in the stomach. Analysis of the fatty acid content of the various diets, and feeding mice diets of known fatty acid composition, led to the conclusion that the relative amounts of palmitic and oleic acid in the food can influence the number of tissue-associated lactobacilli in the mouse stomach.

scholarly journals Variability of Essential and Nonessential Fatty Acids of Irish Rapeseed Oils as an Indicator of Nutritional Quality

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rebecca Coughlan ◽  
Siobhan Moane ◽  
Tracey Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
The Third ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Content

The low saturated fatty acid content of rapeseed oil has resulted in it being classed as one of the most health-benefiting culinary oils. This study determines whether Irish rapeseed oils contain identical fatty acid profiles or whether distinct profiles exist between producers and producers’ successive oil batches. The fatty acid content of Irish rapeseed oils was determined in terms of the desirable MUFA and PUFA and saturated content of these oils. The fatty acid composition demonstrated significant differences in individual unsaturated fatty acid content, while total saturation had insignificant differences. Saturated fatty acid content ranged from 6.10 to 15.8%, while unsaturated fatty acids ranged from 84.20 to 90.10%. Moreover, individual fatty acid content exhibited significant differences ( p < 0.05 ). Oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and stearic acid (C18:0) contents were considered significantly different from other fatty acids detected. The third successive batch from each producer exhibited lower oleic acid content, and the third batch contained higher linoleic acid content, at the same time maintaining a desirable unsaturated fatty acid composition. Studies suggest that differences in the fatty acid composition may be due to cultivation practices such as climate, soil composition, sowing and harvesting, processing techniques, and oxidation reactions.

scholarly journals Heritability of oleic acid content in sunflower seed oil of recombinant inbred lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Ya.N. Demurin ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Chebanova ◽  
O.M. Borisenko ◽  
T.A. Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Recombinant Inbred ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Oleic Acid Content

The study of the heritability of the oleic acid content in seed oil in recombinant inbred lines is the genetic basis for effective breeding work on the quality of sunflower oil. The experiments were carried out under field and laboratory conditions in VNIIMK, Krasnodar, Russian Federation in 2016-2020. We used 17 recombinant inbred sunflower lines of I4 and I5 generations obtained from crossing a medium-oleic LG27 line and a high-oleic LG26 line with subsequent self-pollination. The fatty acid composition of sunflower seed oil was analyzed using the method of gas-liquid chromatography of methyl esters on the Chromatek-Kristall 5000 device. Seventeen recombinant inbred sunflower lines in generation I4 showed a wide variation in the content of oleic acid in the oil of average seed samples from 39.00 % (RIL-1) to 92.24 % (RIL-42) and linoleic acid – from 43.28 to 1.35 %, respectively. In 2016, three lines were characterized 28 by an average oleic acid content of 55.64-65.54 %. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of oil in individual seeds of the next generation I5 of these lines confirmed, in general, their phenotypic ranks with a range of variability from 32.18 to 92.15 % in the content of oleic acid. The middle oleic lines RIL-21, RIL29 and RIL-30 also showed belonging to their phenotypic class in 2019 in the range of values from 59.80 to 63.14 %. The study of the conjugate variability of oleic acid values in the parent-progeny series in generations of I4–I5 revealed the presence of a significant strong positive correlation r = 0.97. At the same time, the coefficient of determination, defined as the square of the correlation coefficient which evaluates the degree of heritability of a trait, was 0.95, which indicates a significant influence of the genotype factor in general phenotypic variation.

Determination of fatty acid content in some edible insects of Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Pino Moreno ◽  
A. Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Edible Insects

In the present paper we have determined the fatty acid content of some edible insects of Mexico. A comparative analysis of the insect species studied in this research showed that caproic acid was present in a minimal proportion which ranged between 0.01 for Periplaneta americana (nymphs) and 0.06 (g/100 g, dry basis) for Euschistus strenuus. The highest proportion of caprilic acid (0.09) was found in Tenebrio molitor (adults). Atta sp. had the highest amount of capric acid (0.26). Polistes sp. was found to be rich in lauric acid (0.77) and for myristic acid it had the highest content (5.64). Dactylopius sp. and E. strenuus were rich in palmitic acid (14.89). Euschistus taxcoensis had the highest quantity of palmitoleic acid (12.06). Llaveia axin exhibited the highest quantity of stearic acid (22.75). Polistes sp. was found to be rich in oleic acid (38.28). The highest quantity of linoleic acid was observed in T. molitor (larvae) (10.89), and in L. axin the highest content of linolenic acid (7.82) was obtained. A comparison between the species under the present investigation revealed that, in general, the insects are poor in caproic, caprilic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitoleic and linolenic acids, because the quantities were either minimal or could not be detected at all. They had moderate quantities of stearic, palmitic and linoleic acids and had high quantities of oleic acid. Finally it was concluded that although a particular insect species is unable to fulfil the total fatty acid need for a human, if consumed in combination they could definitely be able to supply a good amount of this highly valued nutrient.

scholarly journals Production Performance of Moina macrocopa (Straus 1820) (Crustacea, Cladocera) Cultured in Different Salinities: The Effect on Growth, Survival, Reproduction, and Fatty Acid Composition of the Neonates

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Amirah Yuslan ◽  
Sharifah Najuwa ◽  
Atsushi Hagiwara ◽  
Mazlan A. Ghaffar ◽  
Hidayu Suhaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Moina Macrocopa ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Salinity is a known factor in shaping population dynamics and community structure through direct and indirect effects on aquatic ecosystems. Salinity changes further influence food webs through competition and predation. The responses of Moina macrocopa (Cladocera) collected from Setiu Wetland lagoon (Terengganu) was evaluated through manipulative laboratory experiments to understand the ability of M. macrocopa to tolerate high salinity stress. Specifically, the fatty acid composition, growth, survival, and reproduction of this cladocerans species was examined. Sodium chloride (NaCl) as used in the treatments water with the concentration 0, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 15 salinity. Fatty acid levels were determined using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The results indicated that optimal conditions produced the highest fatty acid content, especially the polyunsaturated fatty acid content, such as EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), ALA (alpha-linoleic acid), ARA (arachidonic acid), and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). Furthermore, M. macrocopa survival was best at salinity 0, with a percentage of 98%, whereas the opposite occurred at salinity 15, with approximately 20% of viable animals surviving. Besides, M. macrocopa also showed the highest reproduction rate at salinity 0 (e.g., average initial age of reproduction, 4.33 ± 0.58 days) compared with other salinities level. Interestingly, the difference in growth at different salinities was not evident, an unusual finding when considering adverse effects such as osmoregulation pressure on the organism. Based on the results, we conclude that M. macrocopa can only tolerate salinity below salinity 8 and cannot withstand stressful environmental conditions associated with salinities above 8.

scholarly journals Saturated fatty acid content in sunflower seed

Helia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (41) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Brady ◽  
C.C. Vick ◽  
Jerry Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Content

Variability of Seed Fatty Acid Composition to Growing Degree-Days in High Oleic Acid Sunflower Genotypes

Helia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (62) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Ferfuia ◽  
Maurizio Turi ◽  
Gian Paolo Vannozzi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Degree Days

AbstractHigh temperature enhances the oleic acid content in the oil of normal cultivars but conflicting results are reported on temperature effects on oleic acid content in HO cultivars: either no effect or an increase in oleic acid content with temperature. To investigate the effects of temperature on HO genotypes under natural field conditions, a three-year field trial was conducted using two sowing dates and three HO genotypes (two inbred lines and one hybrid). To compare our results with previous works, growing degree-days (GDD) were computed (base temperature=6°C). GDD accumulated during the “flowering – 25 days after flowering” period influenced fatty acid composition of seed. Oleic and linoleic acid contents were affected by accumulated GDD in two HO genotypes (one inbred line and the hybrid). There was an increase of about 3% in oleic acid content as response to more high GDD accumulated. Their content was not modified by GDD in the other inbred line. There was a genotype×environment interaction that we suppose depending on modifier genes. These genetic factors affected oleic acid content. This indicated the importance of breeding targeted to select hybrids with a stable oleic acid content and higher than 90%. Saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic) were also influenced by temperature, and there was genetic variability among genotypes.

Fatty acid composition of Costa Rican foods including trans fatty acid content

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Baylin ◽  
Xinia Siles ◽  
Amy Donovan-Palmer ◽  
Xinia Fernandez ◽  
Hannia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Content

scholarly journals Overexpression of Soybean Transcription Factors GmDof4 and GmDof11 Significantly Increase the Oleic Acid Content in Seed of Brassica napus L.

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinfu Sun ◽  
Jueyi Xue ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Dongxiao Liu ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with substantial lipid and oleic acid content is of great interest to rapeseed breeders. Overexpression of Glycine max transcription factors Dof4 and Dof11 increased lipid accumulation in Arabidopsis and microalgae, in addition to modifying the quantity of certain fatty acid components. Here, we report the involvement of GmDof4 and GmDof11 in regulating fatty acid composition in rapeseeds. Overexpression of GmDof4 and GmDof11 in rapeseed increased oleic acid content and reduced linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Both qPCR and the yeast one-hybrid assay indicated that GmDof4 activated the expression of FAB2 by directly binding to the cis-DNA element on its promoters, while GmDof11 directly inhibited the expression of FAD2. Thus, GmDof4 and GmDof11 might modify the oleic acid content in rapeseed by directly regulating the genes that are associated with fatty acid biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Fatty acid stimulation of membrane phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis by brain phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase

1979 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
R F Irvine ◽  
A J Letcher ◽  
R M Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Liver Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Stimulation Of

The hydrolysis of membrane-bound phosphatidylinositol in rat liver microsomal fraction by the soluble phosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase from rat brain was markedly stimulated by oleic acid or arachidonic acid. The stimulation did not require added calcium, although it was abolished by EDTA. Lysophosphatidylcholine also totally suppressed the stimulation. A possible role for the fatty acid content of a membrane in controlling phosphatidylinositol turnover is suggested.

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