The survival and recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its effect upon salmonellae in water:methodology to test bottled water in Canada

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 987-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Warburton ◽  
Bruce Bowen ◽  
Anne Konkle
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Selective Agar ◽  
Selective Plating

Methodology used to support changes to the Regulations for bottled water in the Food and Drugs Act of Canada, which include criteria for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0 colony-forming units/100 mL of water), was used to assess the survival of P. aeruginosa in inoculated bottled water. The effects of P. aeruginosa on the survival of Salmonella spp. in bottled water were also investigated. The methodology used in the isolation included the use of hydrophobic grid membrane filters, a resuscitation step on tryptic soy agar, and selective plating on P. aeruginosa selective agar for P. aeruginosa and on xylose lysine desoxycholate agar for salmonellae. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and salmonellae proliferated and survived in inoculated water for up to 100days or longer. Pseudomonas aeruginosa had a synergistic effect on the survival of salmonellae, enabling them to survive for more than 140 days in double distilled water.Key words: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonellae, bottled water, methodology.

Survival and recovery of Aeromonas hydrophila in water: development of methodology for testing bottled water in Canada

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Warburton ◽  
John K. McCormick ◽  
Bruce Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Development ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Selective Plating

Proposed changes to the Regulations for bottled water in the Food and Drugs Act of Canada include criteria for Aeromonas hydrophila (0 colony-forming units/100 mL water). The development of the methodology used to support these proposed Regulations and the survival of A. hydrophila in inoculated water are described. The methodology used in the isolation of A. hydrophila includes the use of hydrophobic grid membrane filters (HGMF), a resuscitation step on tryptic soy agar, and selective plating on membrane–Aeromonas–trehalose agar and Aeromonas medium. Aeromonas hydrophila proliferated and survived in inoculated water for up to 60 days or longer depending on the other contaminating bacteria. The presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa enhanced the survival of A. hydrophila and enabled this bacteria to survive for more than 60 days.Key words: Aeromonas hydrophila, bottled water, methodology, survival, recovery.

scholarly journals Honey as a Strategy to Fight Candida tropicalis in Mixed-Biofilms with Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana Fernandes ◽  
Ana Oliveira ◽  
Mariana Henriques ◽  
Maria Elisa Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Antimicrobial Combinations

Fungal contaminations with Candida species are commonly responsible for several infections, especially when associated to bacteria. The therapeutic approach commonly used is being compromised due to microbial resistances of these microorganisms to antimicrobial agents, especially in biofilm. The use of honey as an antimicrobial agent has been emerging as a valuable solution and proving its potential in planktonic and in biofilm cells. This work aims to assess the effect of different honeys on biofilms of Candida tropicalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The effect of Portuguese heather (PH) and manuka honeys on planktonic growth of Candida was initially evaluated by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). Then, the same effect was evaluated in mixed biofilms, by colony-forming units numeration and fluorescence microscopy. The combinations of honey plus fluconazole and gentamicin were also tested. The results showed that the honeys tested enabled a great reduction of C. tropicalis, both in planktonic (12.5% and 25% of MIC for PH and manuka) and in biofilm. In polymicrobial biofilms, the use of PH and manuka honeys was revealed to be a promising choice and an alternative treatment, since they were able to reduce cells from both species. No synergistic effect was observed in antimicrobial combinations assays against polymicrobial biofilms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Immunochromatography Strip Assay for the Detection of Salmonella Sp. from Poultry

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Bautista ◽  
S. Elankumaran ◽  
J. A. Arking ◽  
R. A. Heckert
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Peptone Water ◽  
Selective Plating ◽  
Strip Test ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The present study was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an immunochromatography-based diagnostic kit for Salmonella. The analytical sensitivity of the test when using pure colonies of different Salmonella species was in the range of 1 × 104 to 1 × 105 colony-forming units per milliliter. The strip detected 19 of 22 strains of Salmonella spp. but failed to detect S. worthington, S. choleraesuis var kunzendorf, and S. johannesburg. The strip did not detect 27 different enteric bacteria, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella sonnei, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In direct testing of feces ( n = 66) from chickens infected with Salmonella typhimurium, the strip had a sensitivity of 12.3% and a specificity of 100%. Evaluation of the strip assay ( n = 510) after sample pre-enrichment in 2% buffered peptone water (BPW) yielded a sensitivity of 93.8% and specificity of 89% when compared to isolation and identification with xylose-lysine-tergitol 4 (XLT4) selective plating media. Subsequent enrichment in Hajna tetrathionate (TT) broth yielded a higher sensitivity (94.7%) and specificity (96.8%). The agreement (kappa) between the strip test and isolation was 0.004 in direct fecal testing, 0.82 in BPW, and 0.89 in TT broth. The assay could detect Salmonella sp. as early as 18–48 hours during pre-enrichment and enrichment compared to isolation on XLT4, which required an overnight incubation step for the presumptive isolation and identification of Salmonella.

scholarly journals 1597. Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Meropenem Synergy Testing Against Multi-Drug and Extensively-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S794-S795
Author(s):  
Mary Francine P Chua ◽  
Syeda Sara Nida ◽  
Jerry Lawhorn ◽  
Janak Koirala
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Synergy Testing ◽  
Concentration Indices

Abstract Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) have limited therapeutic options for treatment. Ceftolozane/tazobactam is a newer anti-pseudomonal drug effective against resistant PA infections, however resistance against this drug has now also developed and is increasing. In this study, we explored the combination of ceftolozane/tazobactam (CT) and meropenem (MP) as a possible effective regimen against MDR and XDR PA. Methods We obtained 33 non-duplicate isolates of MDR and XDR PA grown from blood, urine and respiratory samples collected from patients admitted between 2015 and 2019 at our two affiliate teaching hospitals. MDR PA was defined as resistance to 3 or more classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics, and XDR PA as resistance to all but two or less classes of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics. Antimicrobial preparations of both MP and CT were made according to manufacturer instructions. Susceptibility testing was performed using the checkerboard method in accordance to CLSI guidelines (CLSI M100, 2017). The ATCC 27853 strain of PA used as control. Synergy, additive effect, indifference and antagonism were defined as FIC (fractional inhibitory concentration) indices of ≤0.5, >0.5 to <1, >1 to <4, and >4, respectively. Results Thirteen (39%) of 33 PA isolates were classified as XDR, while 20 (61%) PA isolates were MDR. All isolates were resistant to MP (MIC50 >32 ug/mL), while only 2 (6%) isolates were susceptible to CT (MIC50 64 ug/mL). A synergistic effect was seen in 9 (27.3%) of PA isolates (FIC index range 0.28 to 0.5)— 2 of which were XDR PA, and 7 were MDR PA. An additive effect was seen in 12 (36.4%), with indifference seen in 12 (36.4%) of isolates. In this study, no antagonism was seen when CT and MP were combined. Conclusion When used in combination, CT and MP can exert a synergistic effect against MDR and XDR PA. Additive effect and indifference can also be seen when both antibiotics were used. Moreover, there was no antagonism seen when both antibiotics were combined. This study shows that the use of CT and MP in combination may be an option against XDR and MDR PA infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Comparative study of membrane filtration and enrichment media for the isolation and enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from sewage, surface water, and swimming pools

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Havelaar ◽  
M. During ◽  
E. H. M. Delfgou-Van Asch
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Cellulose Ester ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Membrane Filters ◽  
Swimming Water

The recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on several selective culture media was tested using raw sewage and secondary sewage effluent samples as well as spiked chlorinated imitation swimming water and samples from whirlpools. mPA-medium B gave good recovery of both vital and chlorine-injured P. aeruginosa and selectivity was greater than 90% when analysing whirlpool samples. It is therefore the medium recommended for examination of chlorinated swimming pools. When analysing sewage polluted water with the mPA-B medium, reduced selectivity was noted from low verification rates and from overgrowth by competitive flora. A modified medium (mPA-D; addition of cetrimide, omission of sulphapyridine and actidione) was more selective and sufficiently recovered noninjured cells. Chlorine-injured cells were completely inhibited, however. C-390 (9-chloro-9-(4-diethylaminophenyl)-10-phenylacridan) was confirmed to be highly selective for P. aeruginosa when used in spread plates at a concentration of 30 μg/mL; P. aeruginosa was slightly inhibited. However, the medium could not be used with conventional membrane filtration techniques, because cellulose ester filters interfered with the selective action of C-390. Selectivity could be improved by using Gelman Tuffryn (polysulphone) filters and increasing the C-390 concentration to 120 μg/mL. At this concentration, however, the medium was strongly inhibitory to P. aeruginosa; resuscitation only partially improved recovery. Two other membrane filtration media were tested. Both cetrimide – nalidixic acid agar and Drake's medium No. 19 were inhibitory to chlorine-injured cells. Several types of membrane filters were tested and there was little difference between them. In the most-probable-number technique, recovery of P. aeruginosa was shown to be excellent when using asparagine broth. Malachite green broth was strongly inhibitory to chlorine-injured P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Bactérias gram-negativas em cardeais (Paroaria coronata e Paroaria dominicana) apreendidos do tráfico de animais silvestres

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha ◽  
Marta Brito Guimarães ◽  
Yamê Miniero Davies ◽  
Liliane Milanelo ◽  
Terezinha Knöbl
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli

Anualmente o tráfico de animais silvestres retira milhões de aves da natureza. Os cardeais (Paroaria coronata) e cardeais-do-nordeste (Paroaria dominicana) estão incluídos entre as espécies de aves mais traficadas. A microbiota cloacal de passeriformes de vida livre é composta principalmente por bacilos e cocos gram-positivos, já os bacilos gram-negativos predominam em aves de cativeiro. Em situações de estresse e baixa de imunidade as bactérias gram-negativas podem causar infecções oportunistas. O presente trabalho identificou bactérias da microbiota da cloaca de 49 espécimes de P. coronata e P. dominicana apreendidas do tráfico de animais silvestres em São Paulo (SP). Foram isoladas treze espécies de bactérias gram-negativas, incluindo Salmonella spp. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A maior frequência de ocorrência foi de Escherichia coli, identificada em 42/49 (85,7%) das amostras fecais. Dentre os isolados de E. coli, 21/42 pertenciam aos grupos filogenéticos B2 e D, relacionados a estirpes patogênicas que causam doença extraintestinal em humanos. Klebsiella pneumoniae foi isolada em 28/49 (57,1%) das amostras. Esses resultados reforçam que as condições estressantes a que esses animais são submetidos em situações de tráfico, incluindo o contato com humanos, podem favorecer a colonização da microbiota cloacal das aves por patógenos, o que representa um risco para a sua reintrodução na natureza considerando-se o possível contato com humanos e outros animais.

scholarly journals O CONTROLE DA CONTAMINAÇÃO MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PRODUTOS MAGISTRAIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Vivian Aline Mariano Mota ◽  
João Augusto Oshiro Junior ◽  
Bruna Galdorfini Chiari-Andréo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Salmonella Spp

O controle da contaminação microbiana de fórmulas magistrais, entre elas cosméticos, produtos de higiene e medicamentos, é de fundamental importância, estando relacionado com a Saúde Pública, a qualidade e a estabilidade do produto. Devido ao grande número de micro-organismos que podem estar presentes nas formulações magistrais, a contaminação deve ser evitada ao longo do processo de fabricação. Considerando a importância deste tema, este trabalho teve como objetivo a realização de uma revisão da literatura visando esclarecer pontos de importância relacionados à contaminação microbiológica de produtos magistrais. Foram utilizados artigos, dissertações e teses, além de publicações da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária datados de 2000 a 2017. Foi verificado que as fontes de contaminação são pontos críticos na fabricação dos produtos e devem ser monitorados de acordo com as Boas Práticas de Fabricação. Existe grande preocupação com a manutenção da qualidade dos produtos não estéreis, visto que o desvio de qualidade pode acarretar em grande prejuízo ao usuário incluindo o desenvolvimento de patologias severas, dependendo do estado de saúde do mesmo. A análise da formulação é realizada buscando micro-organismos que são patológicos ao homem, como Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A manutenção da qualidade em produtos farmacêuticos é um grande desafio, pois, embora existam vários métodos e se tenha um vasto conhecimento na área da Microbiologia, invariavelmente surgem problemas relacionados à contaminação. A orientação teórica e prática detalhada dos métodos qualitativos e quantitativos é de absoluta necessidade para que os eventuais desvios de qualidade sejam solucionados rapidamente.

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