A THEORETICAL TREATMENT OF GLUCOSE REABSORPTION IN THE KIDNEY

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. V. Burgen
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Ideal Behavior ◽  
System A ◽  
Glucose Reabsorption ◽  
Proximal Kidney Tubule ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

The equations for solute reabsorption in the proximal kidney tubule are derived, assuming Michaelis–Menten type kinetics and linear water reabsorption. Application of the equations to glucose shows that the transport system has a high affinity for glucose, being half saturated at less than 5 mgm. 100 ml. Most of the departure from ideal behavior of the human glucose saturation curve cannot be attributed to an unsaturated transport system. A dispersal of tubule absorptive capacity in a log-normal distribution can account for the curvature of the saturation curve.

A THEORETICAL TREATMENT OF GLUCOSE REABSORPTION IN THE KIDNEY

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-474
Author(s):  
A. S. V. Burgen
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Theoretical Treatment ◽  
Saturation Curve ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Ideal Behavior ◽  
System A ◽  
Glucose Reabsorption ◽  
Proximal Kidney Tubule ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

The equations for solute reabsorption in the proximal kidney tubule are derived, assuming Michaelis–Menten type kinetics and linear water reabsorption. Application of the equations to glucose shows that the transport system has a high affinity for glucose, being half saturated at less than 5 mgm. 100 ml. Most of the departure from ideal behavior of the human glucose saturation curve cannot be attributed to an unsaturated transport system. A dispersal of tubule absorptive capacity in a log-normal distribution can account for the curvature of the saturation curve.

scholarly journals A Universal Model for the Log-Normal Distribution of Elasticity in Polymeric Gels and Its Relevance to Mechanical Signature of Biological Tissues

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Arnaud Millet
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Polymeric Gels ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Clear Explanation ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

The mechanosensitivity of cells has recently been identified as a process that could greatly influence a cell’s fate. To understand the interaction between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix, the characterization of the mechanical properties of natural polymeric gels is needed. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the leading tools used to characterize mechanically biological tissues. It appears that the elasticity (elastic modulus) values obtained by AFM presents a log-normal distribution. Despite its ubiquity, the log-normal distribution concerning the elastic modulus of biological tissues does not have a clear explanation. In this paper, we propose a physical mechanism based on the weak universality of critical exponents in the percolation process leading to gelation. Following this, we discuss the relevance of this model for mechanical signatures of biological tissues.

scholarly journals Extreme geomagnetic activities: a statistical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuho Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Magnetic Observatory ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sudden Commencements ◽  
The One ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Geomagnetic Activities ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

Abstract Statistical distributions are investigated for magnetic storms, sudden commencements (SCs), and substorms to identify the possible amplitude of the one in 100-year and 1000-year events from a limited data set of less than 100 years. The lists of magnetic storms and SCs are provided from Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, while the lists of substorms are obtained from SuperMAG. It is found that majorities of events essentially follow the log-normal distribution, as expected from the random output from a complex system. However, it is uncertain that large-amplitude events follow the same log-normal distributions, and rather follow the power-law distributions. Based on the statistical distributions, the probable amplitudes of the 100-year (1000-year) events can be estimated for magnetic storms, SCs, and substorms as approximately 750 nT (1100 nT), 230 nT (450 nT), and 5000 nT (6200 nT), respectively. The possible origin to cause the statistical distributions is also discussed, consulting the other space weather phenomena such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.

Route choice on road transport system: A fuzzy approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 2015-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa De Maio ◽  
Antonino Vitetta
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Fuzzy Approach ◽  
System A

Osmotic Regulation of ATA2 mRNA Expression and Amino Acid Transport System A Activity

2001 ◽  
Vol 283 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta R. Alfieri ◽  
Pier-Giorgio Petronini ◽  
Mara A. Bonelli ◽  
Alessandro E. Caccamo ◽  
Andrea Cavazzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Amino Acid Transport ◽  
Osmotic Regulation ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Amino Acid Transport System ◽  
System A

scholarly journals UNIVERSAL STRUCTURE OF THE PERSONAL INCOME DISTRIBUTION

Fractals ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
WATARU SOUMA
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Asset Price ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Income ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Universal Structure ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Log Normal Distribution

We investigate the Japanese personal income distribution in the high income range over the 112 years (1887–1998), and that in the middle income range over the 44 years (1955–1998). It is observed that the distribution pattern of the log-normal with power law tail is the universal structure. However, the indexes specifying the distribution differ from year to year. One of the index characterizing the distribution is the mean value of the log-normal distribution; the mean income in the middle income range. It is found that this value correlates linearly with the gross domestic product (GDP). To clarify the temporal change of the equality or inequality of the distribution, we analyze Pareto and Gibrat indexes, which characterize the distribution in the high income range and that in the middle income range, respectively. It is found for some years that there is no correlation between the high income and the middle income. It is also shown that the mean value of Pareto index equals to 2, and the change of this index is effected by the change of the asset price. From these analysis, we derive four constraints that must be satisfied by mathematical models.

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