Field observations of frost action in intact and weathered Champlain Sea clay
This paper presents the results of a field study on frost action in sensitive Saint–Alban clay both in an intact state, never subjected to any freeze–thaw cycles, and in its weathered state, corresponding to thousands of freeze–thaw cycles. It appears that intact clay is highly frost susceptible and displays frost heave of about 20 cm for the 1989–1990 freezing season. The segregation potential of intact clay ranges between 425 and 550 × 10−5 mm2/(s∙ °C), while that of the crust is only about 40 to 50 × 10−5 mm2/(s∙ °C). In the field, destructured clay displayed a segregation potential value of 265 × 10−5 mm2/(s∙ °C). Loss of bearing capacity during thaw of frozen intact clay is substantial, with reduction in undrained strength from 10 to 2.5 kPa. Key words : sensitive clays, frost heave, field, instrumentation, segregation potential.