Effects of forest harvesting on soil methane fluxes in Florida slash pine plantations

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1534-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S Castro ◽  
Henry L Gholz ◽  
Ken L Clark ◽  
Paul A Steudler
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Moisture Contents

We examined the effects of forest harvesting on the net exchange of methane (CH4) between the atmosphere and sandy soils in two mature slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) plantations in northern Florida. Before each of the stem-only harvests, soils in these plantations were net sinks for CH4 (-0.03 to -2.6 mg CH4·m-2·d-1) on all but one sampling date. On this one pre-harvest sampling date, soils in one plantation were net sources of CH4. This emission coincided with an average soil moisture content of 83% water filled pore space (WFPS), which was significantly greater than the average soil moisture contents (25-66% WFPS) for all pre-harvest sampling dates. After harvesting, soils in both plantations became net sources of CH4. Average emission rates from harvested soils ranged from 3 to 11 mg CH4·m-2·d-1. Harvested soils were net sources of CH4 for at least 1 year after the harvest. However, the duration of the post-harvest CH4 emission period was reduced by bedding the plantation soils, a typical post-harvest site preparation treatment. Bedded soils in harvested stands were either relatively small net CH4 sources (0.2 mg CH4·m-2·d-1) or net CH4 sinks (-0.4 mg CH4·m-2·d-1). Soil CH4 fluxes were highly correlated with soil moisture contents (r2 = 0.66 and 0.71; significant at p < 0.05), which were strongly influenced by climate and forest management practices. For example, soil moisture contents for one of our sites, averaged over the pre-harvest, post-harvest, and post-harvest-plus-bedding periods were 46, 68, and 38% WFPS, respectively. Our results suggest that increased soil moisture in southern pine plantations induced by either precipitation events or forest management changes the direction of the soil CH4 flux from sink to source.

Oracella acuta (loblolly pine mealybug).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paris Lambdin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
The Usa

Abstract This species has had limited distribution from its native habitats in the southern region of the USA since its discovery and description (Lobdell, 1930). O. acuta appears to be restricted to feeding on species of pines and loblolly pine, Pinus taeda, is its preferred food source. In its native habitat, populations seldom reach pest status due to the presence of natural enemies. In 1988, it was transported to a pine seed orchard in China on slash pine, Pinus elliottii, scions purchased in the USA. Sun et al. (1996) noted that O. acuta-infested slash pine scions leaving the USA and entering China in 1988 were not subjected to the quarantine restrictions of either country. The loblolly pine mealybug quickly became established and rapidly spread throughout pine plantations in the Guangdong Province, China where it threatens both native and introduced species of pines in the region.

scholarly journals Depth-Dependent C-N-P Stocks and Stoichiometry in Ultisols Resulting from Conversion of Secondary Forests to Plantations and Driving Forces

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1300
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Ding ◽  
Xiaochuan Li ◽  
Ye Qi ◽  
Zhengyong Zhao ◽  
Dongxiao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Masson Pine ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Significant Difference

Stocks and stoichiometry of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in ultisols are not well documented for converted forests. In this study, Ultisols were sampled in 175 plots from one type of secondary forest and four plantations of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.), Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), Eucalypt (Eucalyptus obliqua L’Hér.), and Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn., 1782) in Yunfu, Guangdong province, South China. Five layers of soil were sampled with a distance of 20 cm between two adjacent layers up to a depth of 100 cm. We did not find interactive effects between forest type and soil layer depth on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and storages. Storage of SOC was not different between secondary forests and Eucalypt plantations, but SOC of these two forest types were lower than that in Litchi, Masson pine, and Slash pine plantations. Soil C:P was higher in Slash pine plantations than in secondary forests. Soil CNP showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil depth. Soil TP did not show any significant difference among soil layers. Soil bulk density had a negative contribution to soil C and P stocks, and longitude and elevation were positive drivers for soil C, N, and P stocks. Overall, Litchi plantations are the only type of plantation that obtained enhanced C storage in 0–100 cm soils and diverse N concentrations among soil layers during the conversion from secondary forests to plantations over ultisols.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Attributes of Pine Straw from Southern Pine Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
Zachary Singh ◽  
Adam Maggard ◽  
Rebecca Barlow ◽  
John Kush
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Pine Straw

Abstract Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.), and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) are two southern pine species that are popular for producing pine straw for landscaping. The objective of this research was to determine the response of soil properties and weed growth to the application of pine straw. Longleaf pine, slash pine, and two non-mulched controls (with and without chemical weed control) were tested. Volumetric soil water content, soil nutrients, soil temperature, weed biomass, and seedling growth were measured. Compared to non-mulched controls, both longleaf and slash pine plots had a greater soil moisture during extended periods without rainfall in the full sun environment. When soil temperatures increased, mulched plots had lower soil temperature relative to non-mulched plots. Soil pH and soil nutrients were generally similar between pine straw types with few significant differences in measured variables. Both pine straw treatments reduced weed growth and longleaf pine maintained a greater straw depth over the study period compared to slash pine, but no differences were observed for decomposition. These results indicate that longleaf pine straw and slash pine straw perform equally as well in terms of increasing soil moisture, moderating soil temperature, and reducing weed growth compared to not using mulch. Index words: Pinus elliottii, Pinus palustris, organic mulch, soil properties, landscaping. Species used in this study: Shumard oak, Quercus shumardii Buckl., Eastern redbud, Cercis canadensis L.

scholarly journals Forest Management Intensity: A Comparison of Timber Investment Management Organizations and Industrial Landowners in Mississippi

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Munn ◽  
W. Rhett Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
Chemical Release ◽  
Silvicultural Treatments ◽  
Management Intensity

Abstract All timberland investment management organizations (TIMOs) and industrial landowners in Mississippi were surveyed during 1998 and 1999 to determine their annual forest management practices and related expenditures. The response rate was 65%, and respondents accounted for approximately 90% of the timberland owned by these two landowner groups. For analysis purposes, industrial landowners were separated into two categories: large (>10,000 ac) and small (<10,000 ac). Pine plantations represented 66% of TIMOs' timberland base compared to 55% for large industrial landowners and less than 50% for small industrial landowners. Over the 2 yr study period, TIMOs and large industrial landowners invested heavily in site preparation and planting as well as midrotation chemical release and fertilization. In contrast, small industrial landowners relied on natural regeneration to a much greater extent and conducted few, if any, midrotation treatments. As a group, TIMOs and industrial landowners spent approximately $20/ac annually on their Mississippi timberlands. Overhead represented slightly over 40% of this total, with silvicultural treatments accounting for the remainder. Property taxes represented the largest overhead expense. In total, these landowners spent $67 million in 1998 and $54 million in 1999 to maintain and manage their Mississippi timberlands. South. J. Appl. For. 27(2):83–91.

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Trends in East Texas: 1969-1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
W. Thomas McGrath ◽  
Terry L. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Cronartium Quercuum ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Five surveys of pine plantations in East Texas over an 18-year period (1969-1987) indicated that fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme Birdsall and Snow) infection rates have increased to current levels of about 50% on slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and are continuing to increase on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to 10-15% levels. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):259-261.

scholarly journals A New Whole-Stand Model for Unmanaged Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in East Texas

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean W. Coble
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Yield Model

Abstract A new compatible whole-stand growth-and-yield model to predict total tree cubic-foot volume per acre yield (outside and inside bark) was developed for unmanaged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii) plantations in East Texas. This model was compared with the noncompatible whole-stand model of Lenhart (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart, 1996</xref>, Total and partial stand-level yield prediction for loblolly and slash pine plantations in east Texas, South. J. Appl. For. 20(1):36–41) and the <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15-2127">Lenhart (1996)</xref> model refit to current data. For the two species, all three models were evaluated with independent observed data. The model developed in this study outperformed both Lenhart models in prediction of future yield and basal area per acre for all age classes combined and by 5-year age classes. The Lenhart models consistently overestimated yield and basal area per acre. All three models predicted surviving trees per acre similarly. An example is also provided to show users how to use the new whole-stand model.

scholarly journals Tips for Integrating Land and Wildlife Management: Quail and Timber

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Giuliano ◽  
Lauren Watine
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Wildlife Ecology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Native Forests ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Successional Communities

In Florida, changes in forest management practices during the past 50+ years have led to declines in quail habitat and populations. Important changes involve the use of fire and conversion of native forests to commercial pine plantations. A lack of fire and other disturbance has often led to closed-canopy forests with dense undergrowth that lack important quail habitat components. This 2-page fact sheet provides several quail habitat improvement tips that focus on diversifying the plant species and structural composition and increasing early successional communities dominated by herbaceous plants. Written by William M. Giuliano and Lauren Watine and published by the UF Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, January 2013.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/uw376 

scholarly journals A Modified Stand Table Projection Growth Model for Unmanaged Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in East Texas

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micky G. Allen ◽  
Dean W. Coble ◽  
Quang V. Cao ◽  
Jimmie Yeiser ◽  
I-Kuai Hung
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
New Models

Abstract Four methodologies to project future trees per acre by diameter class were compared to develop a new modified stand table projection growth model for unmanaged loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations in East Texas. The new models were fit to 92,882 observations from 153 permanent plots located in loblolly pine plantations and 33,792 observations from 71 permanent plots located in slash pine plantations throughout East Texas. The new models were validated with 12,750 observations from 22 permanent plots and 3,724 observations from 9 permanent plots located in loblolly and slash pine plantations, respectively. The validation data were used to select between the four methodologies. The results indicated which of the new models produced the best results, based on error indexes calculated for trees per acre and basal area per acre at the stand table and diameter class levels across a range of projection lengths. We recommend that this new model be used by forest managers for projecting stand tables in East Texas loblolly and slash pine plantations. An example is also provided to show users how to use the new modified stand table projection model.

A Density-Management Diagram for Slash Pine Plantations in the Lower Coastal Plain

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Dean ◽  
Eric J. Jokela
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Management Regimes ◽  
Lower Coastal Plain

Abstract Data from 92 regional, midrotation-fertilizer trials were used to develop a density-management diagram for site-prepared slash pine (Pinus elliottii var. elliottii) plantations. The density-management diagram shows the interrelationships of five important stand variables (i.e., quadraticmean diameter (Dq), trees/ac, site height, standing volume/ac, and relative current annual increment) in a graphical form. The diagram can aid foresters in designing and comparing alternative density-management regimes for slash pine. In doing so, foresters can evaluate individualtree and stand level performances in relation to growing stock levels and make field approximations of growth and yield for various density-management regimes. Results indicated that fertilization and soil type had minimal effects on the diagram's isolines. This suggests broad applicabilityof the diagram for fertilized or unfertilized plantations found in the lower Coastal Plain. The use of the diagram is illustrated with three alternative density-management regimes, and a method is presented for estimating midrotation fertilization responses. South. J. Appl. For. 16(4):178-185

Effect of Soil Type and Site-Preparation Method on Growth and Yield of Flatwoods Slash Pine Plantations

1979 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D. Shiver ◽  
James C. Fortson
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Lower Site

Abstract Analysis of measurements from slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) plantations in the flatwoods of Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina showed that plantations located on areas where debris had been moved (KG, bulldozed, rootraked, etc.) had significantly higher site indices than plantations located on comparable areas where debris had not been moved. Plantations located on spodic soils had significantly lower site indices than plantations located on nonspodic soils. While these differences were statistically significant, they were generally less than 2 feet at age 25. Neither volume nor percent survival was significantly affected by site-preparation classes or soils groups.

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