A New Index Representing Individual Tree Competitive Status

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Moore ◽  
Carl A. Budelsky ◽  
Richard C. Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Silvicultural Practices ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Area Growth

A new competition index, modified Area Potentially Available (APA), was tested in a complex unevenaged stand composed of 19 different hardwood species. APA considers tree size, spatial distribution, and distance relationships in quantifying intertree competition and exhibits a strong correlation with individual tree basal area growth. The most important characteristic of APA is its potential for evaluating silvicultural practices.

scholarly journals An Individual-Tree Growth and Yield Prediction System for Uneven-Aged Shortleaf Pine Stands

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Huebschmann ◽  
Lawrence R. Gering ◽  
Thomas B. Lynch ◽  
Onesphore Bitoki ◽  
Paul A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract A system of equations modeling the growth and development of uneven-aged shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) stands is described. The prediction system consists of two main components: (1) a distance-independent, individual-tree simulator containing equations that forecast ingrowth, basal-area growth, probability of survival, total and merchantable heights, and total and merchantable volumes and weights of shortleaf pine trees; and (2) stand-level equations that predict hardwood ingrowth, basal-area growth, and mortality. These equations were combined into a computer simulation program that forecasts future states of uneven-aged shortleaf pine stands. Based on comparisons of observed and predicted stand conditions in shortleaf pine permanent forest inventory plots and examination of the growth patterns of hypothetical stands, the simulator makes acceptable forecasts of stand attributes. South. J. Appl. For. 24(2):112-120.

Individual-tree basal area growth models for jack pine and black spruce in northern Ontario

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
Changhui Peng ◽  
Qinglai Dang
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Area Growth

Individual-tree models of five-year basal area growth were developed for jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) in northern Ontario. Tree growth data were collected from long-term permanent plots of pure and mixed stands of the two species. The models were fitted using mixed model methods due to correlated remeasurements of tree growth over time. Since the data covered a wide range of stand ages, stand conditions and tree sizes, serious heterogeneous variances existed in the data. Therefore, the coefficients of the final models were obtained using weighted regression techniques. The models for the two species were evaluated across 4-cm diameter classes using independent data. The results indicated (1) the models of jack pine and black spruce produced similar prediction errors and biases for intermediate-sized trees (12–28 cm in tree diameter), (2) both models yielded relatively large errors and biases for larger trees (> 28 cm) than those for smaller trees, and (3) the jack pine model produced much larger errors and biases for small-sized trees (< 12 cm) than did the black spruce model. Key words: mixed models, repeated measures, model validation

Individual tree basal-area growth parameter estimates for four models

2004 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J Colbert ◽  
Michael Schuckers ◽  
Desta Fekedulegn ◽  
James Rentch ◽  
Máirtı́n MacSiúrtáin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

Genetic variation in basal area increment phenology and its correlation with growth rate in loblolly and slash pine families and clones

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica I Emhart ◽  
Timothy A Martin ◽  
Timothy L White ◽  
Dudley A Huber
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Basal Area Increment ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

We quantified basal area increment phenology over a 2-year period in one loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and four slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) full-sib families propagated as rooting cuttings. In 2002, basal area growth started in March and stopped in October for both species, while in 2003, initiation and cessation occurred 2 weeks earlier for all families. In both years, peaks in basal area increment occurred in short (2–3 week) periods in the early spring for all families, followed by linear basal area growth until cessation. While there were significant size differences among taxa (species and families) at age 6 and 7 years, genetic differences in basal area growth rate were only expressed during short, discrete time periods primarily in the spring and fall. Basal area growth rate increased during periods when water soil availability increased (up to 300 mm), but an excess in water availability in the soil had a negative impact on growth. Within-family individual-tree broad-sense heritabilities ranged from 0.01 to 0.37 for all traits. In general, heritabilities were higher for growth traits than for phenological traits for all families. Both the strength and direction of correlation estimates of phenological traits with growth rate varied across families and years.

Growth and wood quality of young loblolly pine trees in relation to stand density and climatic factors

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Cregg ◽  
P. M. Dougherty ◽  
T. C. Hennessey
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Summer Growth ◽  
Stand Basal Area

A 10-year-old stand of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) in southeastern Oklahoma was thinned to three target basal-area levels: 5.8, 11.5, and 23 m2•ha−1 (control). Specific gravity, latewood percentage, date of transition from earlywood to latewood, growth, and climate variables were measured for 2 years after thinning. Variation in the measured wood properties was more influenced by climatic variation than by the thinning treatments. Diameter growth and per-tree basal-area growth were significantly greater on the thinned treatments both years after thinning. However, stand basal-area growth was greatest on the unthinned treatment. Basal-area growth rates were significantly related to stand basal area, tree size, soil water potential, and air temperature. Early in the summer, growth was positively related to mean daily temperature, while later in the summer, growth was negatively related to mean daily temperature, reflecting the influence of high-temperature stress on growth. A year with high summer rainfall (1984) resulted in wood with a higher percentage of latewood and higher specific gravity than wood produced in a year with low summer rainfall (1985). The date of latewood initiation was significantly related to tree size, soil moisture, and evaporative demand. The date of transition from earlywood to latewood occurred 10–14 days sooner on the unthinned plots in both years. However, annual ring latewood percentage and specific gravity were not significantly affected by thinning. Increased late-season growth rates compensated for the later transition date on the thinned treatments, resulting in no net change in ring latewood percentage due to thinning. The results indicate that individual tree basal-area growth can be increased by thinning without reducing wood density.

An individual-tree basal area growth model for black spruce in second-growth peatland stands

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Arthur Groot
Keyword(s):  
Growth Model ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Random Parameter ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Area Growth

A basal area growth model was developed to predict the growth of individual trees in second-growth black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) stands on northeastern Ontario peatlands. The data were derived from stem analysis trees collected in 1985 and 1986 from stands harvested 47-68 years earlier. For a period starting from the date of data collection and going back to 10 years from the harvesting, tree basal area growth, diameters, and stand characteristics were retrospectively calculated at 5-year intervals. To estimate previous mortality, self-thinning relationships for black spruce were applied. In the model, 5-year basal area growth of a tree was expressed as a function of tree diameter, stand-level competition, tree-level competition, and peat thickness. There was considerable change in the growth-size relationship over time. A random parameter approach was applied in model construction to account for the spatial and temporal correlations of the observations. The proposed model explicitly incorporates factors normally included in a "random error" term and, therefore, should provide more sensitive tests of the contributions of the various factors to growth prediction. The estimated model showed only slight bias against the modeling data and the predicted stand basal area development was comparable with that given in other studies.

An individual-tree basal area growth model for loblolly pine stands

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Using Data

Tree basal area growth has been modeled as a combination of a potential growth function and a modifier function, in which the potential function is fitted separately from open-grown tree data or a subset of the data and the modifier function includes stand and site variables. We propose a modification of this by simultaneously fitting both a growth component and a modifier component. The growth component can be any function that approximates tree growth patterns, and the logistic function is chosen as the modifier component. This approach can be adapted to a variety of stand conditions, and its application is demonstrated using data from an uneven-aged loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) study located in Arkansas and Louisiana.

Growth responses to commercial thinning in Douglas-fir stands with varying severity of Swiss needle cast in Oregon, USA

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2394-2402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B Mainwaring ◽  
Douglas A Maguire ◽  
Alan Kanaskie ◽  
Jeff Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Swiss Needle Cast

Concern has risen about the degree to which Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands with severe infections of Swiss needle cast (SNC) respond to thinning. A retrospective study was established in the fall of 2001 to assess the growth of Douglas-fir stands that were commercially thinned between 4 and 10 years ago. Current SNC infection levels in these stands ranged from severe to very light. Past volume and basal area growth declined with increasing severity of SNC, as measured by current foliage retention and crown length / sapwood ratio. As has been observed in many other studies, thinning to lower residual stock reduced stand level growth; however, individual tree growth increased with lower residual stand density. The ratio of growth in successive periods and analysis of annual basal area growth since thinning suggested that trees did respond to thinning, although less so as SNC increased. A positive response to thinning, regardless of infection level, was confirmed by an analysis of annual trends in basal area growth over the first 5 years after thinning.

scholarly journals Basal area growth models for Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith stands on the Colombian Atlantic coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alonso Barrios-Trilleras ◽  
Ana Milena López-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Eucalyptus Tereticornis ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Dominant Height ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

Eucalyptus tereticornis is an important species used in reforestation programs in Colombia. Information on the dynamics and development of the E. tereticornis stands is required to improve management planning. This study compares nine basal area growth models, evaluating their goodness of fit and prediction, and describes their linkage to a thinning response model for E. tereticornis plantations. The evaluated models showed a good fit to the data, the R2adj ranged between 0.90 - 0.92 and 0.69 - 0.86 for the basal area projection and prediction models, respectively. The root of the mean square error (RMSE) ranged between 1.080 m2 ha-1 - 1.343 m2 ha-1 for basal area projection models and 1.671 m2 ha-1 - 2.206 m2 ha-1 for basal area prediction models. The selected basal area model for unthinned stands depends on the age, stand density, and dominant height. For the thinned stands, the basal area was predicted using a competition index that depends on the age and the dominant height of the stand. The competition index had an R2adj = 0.87, and a standard error of estimate of 0.031%. The system of equations presented a slight tendency to overestimate with a mean error of -0.14 m2 ha-1 and a RMSE of 0.696 m2 ha-1. This way, the developed models have the potential to be applied to unthinned and thinned stands with different ages, productivity, and planting densities. The developed models provide new tools to support forest management and research of the species growing in plantations.

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