scholarly journals An Individual-Tree Growth and Yield Prediction System for Uneven-Aged Shortleaf Pine Stands

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Huebschmann ◽  
Lawrence R. Gering ◽  
Thomas B. Lynch ◽  
Onesphore Bitoki ◽  
Paul A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract A system of equations modeling the growth and development of uneven-aged shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) stands is described. The prediction system consists of two main components: (1) a distance-independent, individual-tree simulator containing equations that forecast ingrowth, basal-area growth, probability of survival, total and merchantable heights, and total and merchantable volumes and weights of shortleaf pine trees; and (2) stand-level equations that predict hardwood ingrowth, basal-area growth, and mortality. These equations were combined into a computer simulation program that forecasts future states of uneven-aged shortleaf pine stands. Based on comparisons of observed and predicted stand conditions in shortleaf pine permanent forest inventory plots and examination of the growth patterns of hypothetical stands, the simulator makes acceptable forecasts of stand attributes. South. J. Appl. For. 24(2):112-120.

scholarly journals An Individual-Tree Growth and Yield Prediction System for Even-Aged Natural Shortleaf Pine Forests

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Lynch ◽  
Kenneth L. Hitch ◽  
Michael M. Huebschmann ◽  
Paul A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Computer Simulation Program ◽  
Stand Attributes

Abstract The development of a system of equations that model the growth and development of even-aged natural shortleaf (Pinus echinata Mill.) pine forests is described. The growth prediction system is a distance-independent individual-tree simulator containing equations that predict basal-area growth, survival, total and merchantable heights, and total and merchantable volumes for shortleaf pine trees. These equations were combined into a computer simulation program that predicts future states of shortleaf pine stands from initial stand descriptions. Comparisons of observed and predicted ending stand conditions in shortleaf pine research plots indicate the simulator makes acceptable forecasts of final stand attributes. South. J. Appl. For. 23(4):203-211.

Basal Area and Volume Development of Natural Even-Aged Shortleaf Pine Stands in the Ouachita Mountains

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Edwin R. Lawson ◽  
Thomas B. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Ouachita Mountains ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

Abstract Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) stands, average age 41 years, were thinned to different density levels (45 to 125 ft² of basal area in increments of 20 ft²). The stands received no further thinning. Equations for projected volumes and basal area per acre given initial conditions were formulated and fitted. The following trends were observed using the equations. Over a 24-year period, total basal area growth per acre started out over 2 ft² and had declined to less than 2 ft² by the end. Annual basal area growth had already culminated by age 41. Total annual cubic-foot volume growth per acre depended largely on initial stocking. The initial stocking and subsequent growth of the sawtimber portion were not related to the thinning treatments. Although sawtimber periodic annual cubic-foot growth culminated during the period under study, board-foot growth did not, indicating that mean annual increment for board-foot volumes had not culminated by age 64. South. J. Appl. For. 16(1):30-34.

An individual-tree basal area growth model for loblolly pine stands

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Using Data

Tree basal area growth has been modeled as a combination of a potential growth function and a modifier function, in which the potential function is fitted separately from open-grown tree data or a subset of the data and the modifier function includes stand and site variables. We propose a modification of this by simultaneously fitting both a growth component and a modifier component. The growth component can be any function that approximates tree growth patterns, and the logistic function is chosen as the modifier component. This approach can be adapted to a variety of stand conditions, and its application is demonstrated using data from an uneven-aged loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) study located in Arkansas and Louisiana.

scholarly journals Thinning Improves Growth of Crop Trees in Natural Shortleaf Pine Stands

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Wittwer ◽  
T.B. Lynch ◽  
M.M. Huebschmann
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Ouachita Mountains ◽  
Excellent Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pine Stands

Abstract Dense, previously unthinned, 24- to 28-yr-old natural shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) stands in the Ouachita Mountains of eastern Oklahoma showed good growth responses during the first 5 yr after thinning to three stocking levels̶30, 50 and 70% of full stocking. Residual trees in stands thinned to minimum full stocking (60%) or less appeared to rapidly utilize the additional growing space. Net periodic annual basal area growth averaged 6.7, 7.9, and 8.5 ft2/ac/yr, respectively, for plots thinned to 30, 50, and 70% stocking (PS), but only 4.5 ft2/ac/yr on the unthinned controls due to mortality. Periodic annual diameter growth for trees comprising a dominant stand component averaged 0.42, 0.35, and 0.29 in. on the 30, 50, and 70 PS plots, respectively, and 0.24 in. on the unthinned controls. Periodic annual merchantable volume (3 in. top dob) growth of trees larger than 3.5 in. dbh was not significantly different among the 50 PS, 70 PS, and unthinned control plots, and ranged from 183 to 213 ft3/ac/yr. The excellent growth rates observed during the 5 yr study period exceeded expectations for these sites (SI50= 57) and stand ages, and might be due to the above-normal precipitation received during 4 of the 5 yr. South. J. Appl. For. 20(4):182-187.

An Annual basal area growth model with multiplicative climate modifier fitted to longitudinal data for shortleaf pine

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip Saud ◽  
Thomas B Lynch ◽  
Douglas S Cram ◽  
James M Guldin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Maximum Air Temperature

Abstract Understanding climatic influences on annual basal area growth (ABAG) rates of individual trees is necessary to predict future stand dynamics. We fitted nonlinear ABAG models for shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) with climate variables linearly added to the arguments of logistic and exponential multiplicative functions of climate variables as climate modifiers to incorporate 14 growing seasons and 30 month-specific climate variables including standardized precipitation index. Data were collected from permanently established plots in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Six re-measurement events collected between 1985 and 2014 provided five growth periods (GPs) and ABAG models were fitted using a mixed-effects approach. Model performance was evaluated using likelihood ratio tests and fit statistics. Climate variables from GPs expressed as deviations from long-term means that performed better than other candidate variables included (1) month-specific: June mean maximum air temperature (°C) (DTMAX6), and September precipitation (mm) (DPPT9); and (2) growing seasons: mean maximum air temperature (°C) (DGTMAX) and precipitation (mm) (DGPPT). ABAG models fitted with multiplicative climate modifiers provided improved growth predictions compared with models fitted with climate variables linearly added to the argument of a logistic function. There was positive correlation with DGTMAX and negative correlation with DMPPT. In addition, 1°C increase in mean maximum temperature had a greater cumulative effect on ABAG rates of young versus old trees. Fitting ABAG models with climate modifiers are useful for assessing variations in productivity due to climate change in the future.

Growth of 65-Year-Old Shortleaf Pine after Hardwood Felling or Removal in a Mixed Stand

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
James W. McMinn
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Whole Tree

Abstract In a 65-year-old shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) and hardwood stand, hardwoods were felled and left lying at the stump or removed with a whole-tree harvest system. In the 5 years after treatment, residual pines responded in basal area growth to both removal and felling, but there was no significant difference in response between the two treatments. Magnitude of response was related to crown class and pretreatment growth. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):262-263.

A New Index Representing Individual Tree Competitive Status

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Moore ◽  
Carl A. Budelsky ◽  
Richard C. Schlesinger
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Silvicultural Practices ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Area Growth

A new competition index, modified Area Potentially Available (APA), was tested in a complex unevenaged stand composed of 19 different hardwood species. APA considers tree size, spatial distribution, and distance relationships in quantifying intertree competition and exhibits a strong correlation with individual tree basal area growth. The most important characteristic of APA is its potential for evaluating silvicultural practices.

Individual-tree basal area growth models for jack pine and black spruce in northern Ontario

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
Changhui Peng ◽  
Qinglai Dang
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Area Growth

Individual-tree models of five-year basal area growth were developed for jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) in northern Ontario. Tree growth data were collected from long-term permanent plots of pure and mixed stands of the two species. The models were fitted using mixed model methods due to correlated remeasurements of tree growth over time. Since the data covered a wide range of stand ages, stand conditions and tree sizes, serious heterogeneous variances existed in the data. Therefore, the coefficients of the final models were obtained using weighted regression techniques. The models for the two species were evaluated across 4-cm diameter classes using independent data. The results indicated (1) the models of jack pine and black spruce produced similar prediction errors and biases for intermediate-sized trees (12–28 cm in tree diameter), (2) both models yielded relatively large errors and biases for larger trees (> 28 cm) than those for smaller trees, and (3) the jack pine model produced much larger errors and biases for small-sized trees (< 12 cm) than did the black spruce model. Key words: mixed models, repeated measures, model validation

Individual tree basal-area growth parameter estimates for four models

2004 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.J Colbert ◽  
Michael Schuckers ◽  
Desta Fekedulegn ◽  
James Rentch ◽  
Máirtı́n MacSiúrtáin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

Genetic variation in basal area increment phenology and its correlation with growth rate in loblolly and slash pine families and clones

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica I Emhart ◽  
Timothy A Martin ◽  
Timothy L White ◽  
Dudley A Huber
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Basal Area Increment ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

We quantified basal area increment phenology over a 2-year period in one loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and four slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) full-sib families propagated as rooting cuttings. In 2002, basal area growth started in March and stopped in October for both species, while in 2003, initiation and cessation occurred 2 weeks earlier for all families. In both years, peaks in basal area increment occurred in short (2–3 week) periods in the early spring for all families, followed by linear basal area growth until cessation. While there were significant size differences among taxa (species and families) at age 6 and 7 years, genetic differences in basal area growth rate were only expressed during short, discrete time periods primarily in the spring and fall. Basal area growth rate increased during periods when water soil availability increased (up to 300 mm), but an excess in water availability in the soil had a negative impact on growth. Within-family individual-tree broad-sense heritabilities ranged from 0.01 to 0.37 for all traits. In general, heritabilities were higher for growth traits than for phenological traits for all families. Both the strength and direction of correlation estimates of phenological traits with growth rate varied across families and years.

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