Chromatographic Analysis of an Open-pollinated Rosendahl Spruce Progeny

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Riemenschneider ◽  
Carl A. Mohn
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Progeny Group

Chromatographic evaluation of foliage extracts from 25 white spruce, 25 black spruce, Rosendahl spruce, and 61 open-pollinated progeny of Rosendahl spruce provided additional evidence of the hybrid origin of Rosendahl spruce. Individual trees were scored on the basis of the presence or absence of spots indicating flavanoid compounds. The score for the Rosendahl spruce and the mean score of its 61 progeny were intermediate to the mean scores for white and black spruce. Chromatographic scores for the progeny group were more variable than those obtained from either the white or black spruce samples.

Effects of drainage on substrate temperature and phenology of some trees and shrubs in an Alberta peatland

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. J. Lieffers ◽  
R. L. Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
North Central ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Dwarf Birch ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

A 50-ha portion of an intermediate fen in north central Alberta was drained in 1984. Study sites were established in the drained area and in an adjacent undrained area. In each site, seasonal water table depth and substrate and air temperatures were monitored. The drainage lowered the water table from 20 to 50 cm compared with the adjacent undrained site. Substrate of the drained area warmed above 0 °C slightly later than the undrained area but maximum summer temperatures were higher in the drained site. Temperatures in 1985 at the 10-cm depth of the drained site peaked in early August at 15–16 °C, 3–4 °C higher than the undrained site. Forty-five black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), 45 tamarack (Larixlaricina (Du Roi) K. Koch), and 25 dwarf birch (Betulapumila L.) were tagged and examined twice weekly. For tamarack and dwarf birch, flowering and bud flush were significantly earlier by 2–6 days in the drained site. For black spruce, flowering was earlier in the drained site; bud flush, however, was earlier in the undrained site in 1985 but there were no differences between sites in 1986. For both black spruce and tamarack, the mean date at which individual trees reached 50% of total leader elongation was earlier in the drained site in both 1984 and 1985.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of Microsatellite Markers Useful for Genetic Analysis of Black Spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Populations

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dobrzeniecka ◽  
K. K. Nkongolo ◽  
P. Michael ◽  
S. Wyss ◽  
M. Mehes
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Genomic Libraries ◽  
Organization Analysis ◽  
Individual Trees

Summary Large - scale isolation of microsatellite and information in any conifer species is limited. Our knowledge of microsatellite in spruce (Picea spp.) is still sketchy. Genomic libraries of P. mariana were constructed and screened with (AC)15 probes. Over 200 positive clones were found for this dinucleotide and ten were analyzed in details. They were sequenced to confirm the presence of microsatellites and to generate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers based on sequences flanking the microsatellites. All sequenced (AC)n clones had repeats of n > 23. Primer pairs were designed from seven sequences. These primer pairs along with 15 primer pairs from white spruce (Picea glauca) were tested on individual trees. Seven primer pairs from P. mariana and three from P. glauca (white spruce) amplified DNA from P. mariana and were used for genetic analysis of black spruce populations from uplands (drylands) and lowlands (wetlands). High levels of polymorphism and heterozygosity were observed in all the populations studied. Both highlands and lowlands showed similar levels of genetic variation. The selected microsatellites sequences are being used for genome organization analysis of black spruce.

scholarly journals DECAY OF SPRUCE IN THE MARITIME PROVINCES

1957 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Davidson ◽  
D. R. Redmond
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Selection Of

Information on decay in 409 white, 653 red, and 51 black spruce was obtained at locations in the Maritime Provinces. Since the number of black spruce examined was small, this paper deals mainly with decay in white and red spruce. Gross and net volume tables are presented for white and red spruce in cubic feet and in board feet by age and diameter. The volume of decay in red spruce was less than in white spruce but, in both species, it was apparently not great enough to influence the selection of rotation ages based on the growth increments of individual trees. Butt decays were found to be more important than trunk decays in causing losses in both white and red spruce. The fungi producing white rots were the most important causes of both types of decay. Butt-decay fungi entered the trees mainly through the roots. Branch stubs were the most important infection courts for trunk-decaying fungi in white spruce, while in red spruce, wounds were as important as branch stubs. A list of the fungi associated with decays in spruce is presented.

Chemosystematic studies in the genus Picea (Pinaceae). III. The leaf oil of a Picea glauca × mariana hybrid (Rosendahl spruce)

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. von Rudloff ◽  
M. J. Holst
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Picea Species

The terpene composition of the leaf oils of the Rosendahl spruce, white spruce, and black spruce as isolated from provenances derived from Cromwell, Minnesota, was determined by gas–liquid chromatography. The chemical composition was found to reflect the hybrid origin of the Rosendahl spruce. This confirms that the leaf oil composition of Picea species may serve as a biochemical character in chemo systematic studies.

Nutrient supply and belowground interaction alter responses to CO2 elevation in black spruce and white spruce

2020 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 118271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Lai Dang ◽  
Jacob Marfo ◽  
Fengguo Du ◽  
Md. Shah Newaz
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Co2 Elevation

Bud and crown architecture of white spruce and black spruce

Trees ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Colombo ◽  
Colin W. G. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Crown Architecture

Root rot damage in naturally regenerated stands of spruce and balsam fir in Ontario

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Root Decay ◽  
Forest Region

In an 11-year study in northern Ontario, root rot damage was heaviest in balsam fir, intermediate in black spruce, and least in white spruce. As a result of root rot, 16, 11, and 6%, respectively, of dominant or codominant trees of the three species were killed or experienced premature windfall. Butt rot, which resulted from the upward extension of root rot into the boles of living trees, led to a scaled cull of 17, 12, and 10%, respectively, of gross merchantable volume of the remaining living trees in the three species. The total volume of wood lost to rot was, therefore, 33, 23, and 16%, respectively. Of 1108 living dominant and codominant balsam fir, 1243 black spruce, and 501 white spruce in 165 stands, 87, 68, and 63%, respectively, exhibited some degree of advanced root decay. Losses resulting from root rot increased with tree age. Significant amounts of root decay and stain (>30% of root volume) first occurred at 60 years of age in balsam fir and 80 years in black spruce and white spruce. For the three species together, the proportion of trees that were dead and windfallen as a result of root rot increased from an average of 3% at 41–50 years to 13% at 71–80 years and 26% at 101–110 years. The root rot index, based on the number of dead and windfallen trees and estimated loss of merchantable volume, also increased, from an average of 17 at 41–50 years to 40 at 71–80 years and 53 at 101–110 years. Death and windfall of balsam fir and black spruce were more common in northwestern Ontario than in northeastern Ontario. Damage to balsam fir was greater in the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence Forest region than in the Boreal Forest region. In all three tree species, the degree of root rot (decay and stain) was highly correlated with the number of dead and windfallen trees, stand age, and root decay at ground level (as a percentage of basal area) for a 10-tree sample.

A SEX ATTRACTANT FOR THE SPRUCE SEED MOTH, CYDIA STROBILELLA (L.), AND THE EFFECT OF LURE DOSAGE AND TRAP HEIGHT ON CAPTURE OF MALE MOTHS

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Grant ◽  
W.H. Fogal ◽  
R.J. West ◽  
K.N. Slessor ◽  
G.E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Sex Attractant ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Field Screening ◽  
Rubber Septa ◽  
Trap Height

AbstractElectroantennogram (EAG) responses from male Cydia strobilella (L.) indicated that (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate (E8-12:Ac) was the most stimulating of the dodecenyl and tetradecenyl compounds assayed. Field-screening tests, which included compounds previously reported as attractive, demonstrated that only E8-12:Ac was effective. The optimum trap dosage was 0.3–3 μg on red rubber septa. Catches of males were greater when traps were hung in the upper crown of either white spruce or black spruce.

Clonal and nonclonal genetic structure of subarctic black spruce (Picea mariana) populations in Yukon territory

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Viktora ◽  
Rodney A. Savidge ◽  
Om P. Rajora
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Fire Disturbance ◽  
Clone Size ◽  
Flat Terrain ◽  
Individual Trees

Black spruce (Picea mariana) reproduces sexually from seeds and asexually by layering. There is a prevalent concept that clonal reproduction maintains populations of this species in the subarctic and arctic regions. We used microsatellite DNA markers of the nuclear genome to investigate the genetic structure of montane and subalpine black spruce populations from the Western Yukon Plateau in relation to this concept. Sixty individual trees at a minimum distance of 4 m from each other were sampled from each of four populations and individual trees were genotyped for eight microsatellite loci. Each of the 60 individuals from three montane pure black spruce populations growing on flat terrain at relatively low elevations had unique multilocus genotypes, indicating an absence of clonal structure in those populations. However, in an anthropologically undisturbed climax white spruce-dominated subalpine black spruce population on a northwest slope near Mount Nansen, the majority of the sampled individuals belonged to eight genetically distinct clones (genets). Clone size differed by altitude, the dominant genet being nearest the timberline–tundra ecotone. The results indicate that black spruce reproduction is variable and adaptive, being primarily sexual in flat-terrain montane populations previously subjected to fire disturbance, but mixed vegetative–sexual in the anthropogenically undisturbed subalpine population. This study is the first to employ molecular markers a priori to examine the mode of reproduction in natural black spruce populations.

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