Leaf area differences associated with old-growth forest communities in the western Oregon Cascades

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Gholz ◽  
Franklin K. Fitz ◽  
R. H. Waring
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Oregon Cascades ◽  
Moisture Conditions

Total leaf area varied from 20 to 42 m2/m2 in 250- to 450-year-old forest communities developed under different temperature and moisture conditions. The largest values were in communities at midelevations where winter snowpack accumulated and growing-season temperatures were cool. Shrub and herb leaf area varied from 3% to 14% of the total. Equations for converting from foliage biomass to surface area are included for most species encountered.

Vegetative Development: Total Leaf Area and Surface Area Indexes

2010 ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sánchez-de-Miguel ◽  
Pilar Baeza ◽  
Pedro Junquera ◽  
José Ramón Lissarrague
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf

Effect of living mulch on physiological and biochemical parameters of cherry leaves and fruits with organic growing technology

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
T. Gerasko
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Living Mulch ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
The Difference

In organic sweet cherry (Prunus avium L./Prunus mahaleb) orchard standard mechanical cultivation was compared with living mulch – spontaneous vegetation cover. Since 2013 the experimental orchard has been maintained with two different orchard floor management systems: standard mechanical cultivation (MC) – one discing at a 15 cm depth + manual weeding during the growing season was compared with living mulch (LM) – spontaneous vegetation cover. The natural vegetation of grasses was mowed 4 times during the growing season and the clippings were left on the ground for decomposition. Any other management was identical in each treatment. Synthetic fertilizers and chemical plant protection products were not used. It was established that total moisture content of the leaves was significantly reduced under LM (over 2 years) or did not differ significantly from MC (1 year). The water-retaining ability of the leaves did not differ significantly between LM and MC (2 years) or was higher in the conditions of LM (1 year). The total leaf area at the beginning of the study (1 year) was larger in MC conditions. In the following year, the difference between LM and MC was insignificant. In 2019, the total leaf area was significantly larger in the conditions of LM. An increase in the total leaf area under LM conditions led to a significant decrease in the specific surface density of the leaves, the accumulation of chlorophylls in them, and a decrease in the ratio of chlorophylls (a/b) due to an increase in the content of chlorophyll b (compared to the MC conditions). The difference in fruit size parameters, average weight of the fruits, total soluble solids, total sugars, titratable acidity, sugar-acid index were insignificant between LM and MC. Ascorbic acid and total anthocyanins content of sweet cherry fruit was significantly increased under LM conditions compared to MC. The results show that cherry trees gradually adapt to coexistence with natural herbs and, during stress, accumulate more physiologically active substances in the fruit. Key words: sweet cherry, organic orchard, living mulch, total leaf area, specific leaf density, chlorophylls, fruit size, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins.

scholarly journals Vegetative Flush Development and Leaf Area Contribution to Citrus Canopies

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 770C-770
Author(s):  
L. Gene Albrigo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Citrus Leafminer ◽  
Area Loss ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Leaf Area Loss

The recent infestation of Florida citrus by the Asian citrus leafminer required that more information be obtained about the time interval for a flush to expand and the leaf area contributed by flushes in seasons when leafminer populations are likely to increase and cause leaf area loss. Time for leaf and shoot expansion was determined for spring and summer flush. Leaf area contribution from previous-year and current flushes was determined by seasonal tagging and measuring leaf area for flush in frame areas of 1/4 m2 surface projected to the center of the tree. Flush of 1/3 m length required 30 days to expand from first leaf feathers to full expansion. Summer flush in 1994 was 40% to 45% of total leaf area. Spring and previous year's flush averaged 20% each. Fall flush contributed 5% to 12% to leaf area, more on young, low-bearing trees. Summer flush resulted in more canopy leaf area and previous year's flushes less leaf area than expected by the end of the growing season.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Leaf Component Allocation in Normal, Afila, and Afila-tendrilled Acacia Pea Foliage Near-isolines

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Goldman ◽  
E.T. Gritton
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Significant Seasonal Variation ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Component Allocation

In pea (Pisum sativum L.) the af gene replaces leaflets with tendrils, and the tac gene restores small leaflets to the terminal portion of the tendrils of afaf plants. Normal (AfAf-TacTac), afila (afaf-TacTac), and afila-tendrilled acacia (afaf-tactac) near-isogenic lines in three genetic backgrounds were evaluated for 2 years in two locations to determine allocation of foliage area and weight of foliage components throughout the growing season. The percentage of total leaf area and weight due to stipule, tendril, leaflet, and tac leaflet were measured three times during the growing season in each environment. Highly significant foliage-type effects were detected for the percentage of leaf area and weight due to stipule and tendril at each sampling date. The pea leaf canopy exhibits large fluctuations in area and weight component allocation throughout the growing season. At 28 days after planting, stipules comprised 34%, 76%, and 53% of the total leaf area, and tendrils comprised 6%, 24%, and 13% of the total leaf area in normal, afila, and afila-tendrilled acacia types, respectively. At harvest, stipules composed 43%, 60%, and 53% of the total leaf area and tendrils composed 15%, 40%, and 22% of the total leaf area in normal, afila, and afila-tendrilled acacia types, respectively. Results from this study demonstrate that significant seasonal variation in allocations of foliage area and weight components exists among these three foliage types.

The relationship between gross crown dimensions and sapwood area at crown base in Douglas-fir

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Maguire ◽  
David W. Hann
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Sapwood Area ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Conic Surface ◽  
Crown Dimensions

Crown dimensions and sapwood area near crown base were measured on 189 Douglas-fir trees in southwestern Oregon. Sapwood areas were interpolated or extrapolated to crown base with a sapwood taper function. Various transformations of crown length and crown radius (as well as crown base stem diameter as a surrogate for crown diameter) were assessed for their ability to predict crown base sapwood area. Regression analyses indicated that no single untransformed variable was a good predictor of sapwood area at crown base, but that combinations representing conic surface area performed quite well. Given the consistently strong relationship between total leaf area and sapwood area at crown base, conic surface area should accurately reflect total leaf area and relative photosynthetic potential of the tree. Gross crown dimensions and crown base sapwood area prove complementary in a forest modeling context, owing to the structural appeal of the former and the physiological appeal of the latter.

scholarly journals Lesser-known ethnic leafy vegetables Talinum paniculatum grown at tropical ecosystem: Morphological traits and non-destructive estimation of total leaf area per branch

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benyamin Lakitan ◽  
Kartika Kartika ◽  
Laily Ilman Widuri ◽  
Erna Siaga ◽  
Lya Nailatul Fadilah
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Tropical Ecosystem ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract. Lakitan B, Kartika K, Widuri LI, Siaga E, Fadilah LN. 2021. Lesser-known ethnic leafy vegetables Talinum paniculatum grown at tropical ecosystem: Morphological traits and non-destructive estimation of total leaf area per branch. Biodiversitas 22: 4487-4495. Talinum paniculatum known as Java ginseng is an ethnic vegetable in Indonesia that has also been utilized as a medical plant. Young leaves are the primary economic part of T. paniculatum, which can be eaten fresh or cooked. This study was focused on characterizing morphological traits of T. panicultaum and developing a non-destructive yet accurate and reliable model for predicting total area per leaf cluster on each elongated branch per flush growth cycle. The non-destructive approach allows frequent and timely measurements. In addition, the developed model can be used as guidance for deciding the time to harvest for optimum yield. Results indicated that T. paniculatum flourished rapidly under wet tropical conditions, especially if they were propagated using stem cuttings. The plants produced more than 50 branches and more than 800 leaves, or on average produced more than 15 leaves per branch at the age of nine weeks after planting (WAP). The zero-intercept linear model using a combination of two traits of length x width (LW) as a predictor was accurate and reliable for predicting a single leaf area (R2 = 0.997). Meanwhile, the estimation of total area per leaf cluster was more accurate if three traits, i.e., number of leaves, the longest leaf, and the widest leaf in each cluster were used as predictors with the zero-intercept linear regression model (R2 = 0.984). However, the use of a single trait of length (L) and width (W) of the largest leaf within each cluster as a predictor in the power regression model exhibited moderately accurate prediction at the R2 = 0.883 and 0.724, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic variance of sunflower yield components - Heliantus annuus L.

Genetika ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Hladni ◽  
Dragan Skoric ◽  
Marija Kraljevic-Balalic
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The main goals of sunflower breeding in Yugoslavia and abroad are increased seed yield and oil content per unit area and increased resistance to diseases, insects and stress conditions via an optimization of plant architecture. In order to determine the mode of inheritance, gene effects and correlations of total leaf number per plant, total leaf area and plant height, six genetically divergent inbred lines of sunflower were subjected to half diallel crosses. Significant differences in mean values of all the traits were found in the F1 and F2 generations. Additive gene effects were more important in the inheritance of total leaf number per plant and plant height, while in the case of total leaf area per plant the nonadditive ones were more important looking at all the combinations in the F1 and F2 generations. The average degree of dominance (Hi/D)1/2 was lower than one for total leaf number per plant and plant height, so the mode of inheritance was partial dominance, while with total leaf area the value was higher than one, indicating super dominance as the mode of inheritance. Significant positive correlation was found: between total leaf area per plant and total leaf number per plant (0.285*) and plant height (0.278*). The results of the study are of importance for further sunflower breeding work.

scholarly journals Concentration and periods of application of prohexadione calcium in the growth of strawberry seedlings

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Farias Barreto ◽  
Leticia Vanni Ferreira ◽  
Savana Irribarem Costa ◽  
Andressa Vighi Schiavon ◽  
Tais Barbosa Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Growth Control ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Petiole Length ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

For strawberry cultivation in Brazil, producers are dependent on imported seedlings. An alternative strategy to reduce this dependence is the use of seedlings obtained from nursery plants grown in a protected environment. However, as these seedlings are produced in the summer and planted at the end of this season or the spring of the following year, it is necessary to control growth to reduce the energy costs of the plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations and periods of application of proexadione calcium (ProCa) on growth control of strawberry seedlings. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with seedlings of the cultivars ‘Aromas’ and ‘Camarosa’, produced by rooting stolons and kept in polystyrene trays of 72 cells in a substrate of carbonized rice husk. The experimental design was completely randomized, with a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (4 concentrations of ProCa: 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg L-1 × 2 periods of application: at 20 and 30 days after the planting period of rooting stolon). Plant survival, crown diameter, petiole length, total leaf area, specific leaf area, chlorophyll concentration, and dry mass of the crown and shoot were evaluated. The application of ProCa at 20 days after the planting period of the rooting stolon at the concentrations of 200 and 400 mg L-1 favored the reduction of petiole length in plants of ‘Aromas’ strawberry and total leaf aerial in ‘Camarosa’ strawberry. The application of ProCa from the concentration of 100 mg L-1 reduced the vegetative growth of ‘Aromas’ and ‘Camarosa’ strawberry seedlings cultivated in substrate.

A Comparison of Methods for Estimating Total Leaf Area of Barley Plants 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert E. Carleton ◽  
Wilson H. Foote
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Total Leaf

scholarly journals Image-Based Dynamic Quantification of Aboveground Structure of Sugar Beet in Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunfu Xiao ◽  
Honghong Chai ◽  
Ke Shao ◽  
Mengyuan Shen ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Convex Hull ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Total Leaf ◽  
Canopy Area

Sugar beet is one of the main crops for sugar production in the world. With the increasing demand for sugar, more desirable sugar beet genotypes need to be cultivated through plant breeding programs. Precise plant phenotyping in the field still remains challenge. In this study, structure from motion (SFM) approach was used to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) model for sugar beets from 20 genotypes at three growth stages in the field. An automatic data processing pipeline was developed to process point clouds of sugar beet including preprocessing, coordinates correction, filtering and segmentation of point cloud of individual plant. Phenotypic traits were also automatically extracted regarding plant height, maximum canopy area, convex hull volume, total leaf area and individual leaf length. Total leaf area and convex hull volume were adopted to explore the relationship with biomass. The results showed that high correlations between measured and estimated values with R2 > 0.8. Statistical analyses between biomass and extracted traits proved that both convex hull volume and total leaf area can predict biomass well. The proposed pipeline can estimate sugar beet traits precisely in the field and provide a basis for sugar beet breeding.

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