The pine wood nematode: a comparison of the situation in the United States and Japan

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Wingfield ◽  
R. A. Blanchette ◽  
T. H. Nicholls ◽  
K. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Pine Wood Nematode ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
The Past

The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchusxylophilus (Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle, causes a wilt of pines in Japan. Severe damage to forests in Japan have been occurring for the past 30 years. Recently, the nematode has been found on conifers throughout the United States. Little is known of the biology and etiology of the pine wood nematode in North America. At present, there appears to be little threat to native coniferous forests of the United States and Canada. This is indicated by the wide host range and extensive geographic distribution of the nematode, association of the nematode on trees severely weakened by insects and diseases, and presence of the nematode in the United States since the early part of this century. Monoculture of susceptible conifers, offsite plantings and the introduction of potentially more effective vectors could, however, result in an increased damage by the nematode.

AIR-BORNE POLLEN SURVEYS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Bassett ◽  
C. W. Crompton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Results from 17 pollen collecting stations in British Columbia indicate that air-borne pollen of ragweeds and their relatives, the principal causative agents of hay fever in North America, is practically absent throughout the province. Coniferous trees and shrubs such as pines, spruces, firs, cedars, Douglas fir, hemlocks and junipers produce the greater part of the air-borne pollen from March to early July. Pollen from alders, poplars, willows and birches is also prevalent in some areas in the early spring. The peak periods of grass pollen near the United States–Canadian border occur mainly in June and the early part of July, while further north they are about a month later. Of the four types of plantain pollen identified from the different collecting stations, English plantain was the most common, especially in the southwesterly part of the province. Pollen from the lambs’-quarters and amaranth families and wormwoods occurs mainly in the late summer and early fall and is more abundant in the dry interior than along the coast.

scholarly journals “QEP”–A New Method of Rural Planning

1974 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Frederic O. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regional Planning ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Rural Planning ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
The Past ◽  
Country Planning

Since its emergence in the early part of this century, planning in the United States has been predominantly urban. Regional planning of watersheds, has received some attention but planning for rural areas has not been widely practiced, nor has it been taught in planning schools. Support for this generalization may be found in planning texts which consider 50,000 population a “small” municipality. Further evidence is found in town plans prepared through support of federal “701” funds during the past decade. These plans are usually for expansion of urban facilities and services and ignore exclusively rural land uses. Planning in England presents a contrast. It is appropriately referred to as “town and country planning” as it covers the range of land use intensities from agricultural to the highest value urban block as interrelated and interconnected parts of a single fabric.

Section II. Prospects for North America and Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Nigel Pain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equity Prices ◽  
The Past

Economic activity accelerated sharply in the United States at the beginning of this year. GDP rose by 1¼ per cent in the first quarter, to a level 3.8 per cent higher than a year earlier. This was the fastest quarterly growth for two years. The acceleration in growth was unexpected given that the present cyclical expansion has now lasted for over seven years. Private sector demand is still continuing to be supported by the sustained appreciation in equity prices over the past three years, and the appreciation of the dollar has helped to hold down the inflationary pressures that are being built up as the labour market begins to tighten. The unemployment rate fell to 4.3 per cent in April, the lowest rate since 1970.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Pecan Industry in North America with Emphasis in the Southwest

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 980c-980
Author(s):  
Michael W. Kilby
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Alternate Bearing ◽  
Tree Thinning ◽  
Desert Southwest

The pecan is native to North America and is cultured as a major crop in both the United States and Mexico. In the early part of this century, pecans were thought of as a secondary crop grown in the southern geographic section of the United States. Increased demand for use as a nutritious food has resulted in expansion of the industry into the desert Southwest and California. Adaptive cultivars and irrigation coupled with the lack of diseases and insects has been instrumental in industry development in the West. As the industry has matured during the latter part of the century, pecan culture has improved into a strong crop enterprise business. Orchard management technique and orchard development concepts have been refined, resulting in increased production and awareness. In recent years, production in Mexico has impacted the U.S. price structure and pecan industry economy. The alternate-bearing nature of pecans also impacts prices received by growers. The aging of pecan trees has resulted in serious dilemmas, such as increased tree size and shading. This situation requires techniques such as tree thinning or hedge pruning to enhance annual production and improve nut quality. Various ramifications and parameters of these management practices will be discussed.

scholarly journals Redescription of Arundel formation Ornithomimosaur material and a reinterpretation of Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni as an “Ostrich Dinosaur”: Biogeographic implications

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Doran Brownstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Past

The fossil record of dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America is scant, and only a few sediments to the east of the continent are fossiliferous. Among them is the Arundel Formation of the east coast of the United States, which has produced among the best dinosaur faunas known from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America. The diverse dinosaur fauna of this formation has been thoroughly discussed previously, but few of the dinosaur species originally described from the Arundel are still regarded as valid genera. Much of the Arundel material is in need of review and redescription. Among the fossils of dinosaurs from this formation are those referred to ornithomimosaurs. Here, I redescribe ornithomimosaur remains from the Arundel Formation which may warrant the naming of a new taxon of dinosaur. These remains provide key information on the theropods of the Early Cretaceous of Eastern North America. The description of the Arundel material herein along with recent discoveries of basal ornithomimosaurs in the past 15 years has allowed for comparisons with the coelurosaur Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni, suggesting the latter animal was a basal ornithomimosaurian dinosaur rather than a “generalized” coelurosaur. Comparisons between the Arundel ornithomimosaur and similar southeast Asian ornithomimosaurian material as well as ornithomimosaur remains from western North America suggest that a lineage of ornithomimosaurs with a metatarsal condition intermediate between that of basal and derived ornithomimosaurs was present through southeast Asia into North America, in turn suggesting that such animals coexisted with genera having a more primitive metatarsal morphology as seen in N. justinhofmanni.

scholarly journals First Report of Puccinia coronata var. coronata sensu stricto Infecting Alder Buckthorn in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Shawn C. Kenaley ◽  
Geoffrey Ecker ◽  
Gary C. Bergstrom
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Puccinia Coronata ◽  
First Report

Field symptoms, host distribution, pathogen morphology, and phylogenetic analyses clearly demonstrated that the rust fungus infecting alder buckthorn in Connecticut is Puccinia coronata var. coronata sensu stricto. To our knowledge, this is the first report and confirmation of P. coronata var. coronata s.s. in the United States. Additional collections from purported aecial and telial hosts of P. coronata var. coronata s.s. are necessary to determine its host range, geographic distribution, and incidence within the United States and elsewhere in North America.

Call for Manuscripts: Lesson Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Teaching Gap

In The Teaching Gap (1999), James W. Stigler and James Hiebert describe differences between mathematics instruction in Japan and the United States. They attribute some of these differences to a commonly used method of professional development in Japan called lesson study: “The lesson-study process has an unrelenting focus on student learning. All efforts to improve lessons are evaluated with respect to clearly specified learning goals, and revisions are always justified with respect to student thinking and learning” (p. 121). Over the past decade, many groups of educators in North America have implemented various forms of lesson study.

Call for Manuscripts: Lesson Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 705
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Teaching Gap

In The Teaching Gap (1999), James W. Stigler and James Hiebert describe differences between mathematics instruction in Japan and the United States. They attribute some of these differences to a commonly used method of professional development in Japan called lesson study: “The lesson-study process has an unrelenting focus on student learning. All efforts to improve lessons are evaluated with respect to clearly specified learning goals, and revisions are always justified with respect to student thinking and learning” (p. 121). Over the past decade, many groups of educators in North America have implemented various forms of lesson study.

Calls for Manuscripts: Lesson Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 429
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Thinking ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Teaching Gap

In The Teaching Gap (1999), James W. Stigler and James Hiebert describe differences between mathematics instruction in Japan and the United States. They attribute some of these differences to a commonly used method of professional development in Japan called lesson study: “The lesson-study process has an unrelenting focus on student learning. All efforts to improve lessons are evaluated with respect to clearly specified learning goals, and revisions are always justified with respect to student thinking and learning” (p. 121). Over the past decade, many groups of educators in North America have implemented various forms of lesson study.

scholarly journals “Repent of the Sins of Homophobia”

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-95
Author(s):  
Rachel Waltner Goossen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
North America ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Oral History Interviews

Across North America, Mennonites are widely regarded to be among the most conservative of Christian groups. But in recent decades, Mennonite understandings of LGBTQ+ identity have transformed faith communities, as the engagement of social media-conscious activists such as Pink Menno have contributed to evolving practices regarding sexual minorities in Mennonite churches. Recent ordinations and the growing visibility of queer ministers, chaplains, and theologians have led to recent schism in Mennonite Church USA, with traditionalists departing the denomination in record numbers. The decentralized nature of Mennonitism has contributed to more inclusive policies in the past two decades, although decentralization also allows exclusionary practices to persist in some churches and institutions. This article draws from oral history interviews with thirty Mennonite theologically trained LGBTQ+ leaders from across the United States and Canada. These narratives demonstrate how—in some sectors of the Mennonite community—queer and non-queer people are accelerating changes in historically homophobic spaces.

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