Croissance de sapinières à bouleau blanc boréales issues de coupe avec protection de la régénération

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1701-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Bertrand ◽  
Louis Bélanger ◽  
Robert L. Beauregard
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Rotation Age

Models of compatible volume and basal area growth and yield covering a period of 10 to 45 years after harvesting were developed for second growth boreal stands of balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.). The 131 permanent plots used for the study were located near Matane, in the Gaspé Peninsula, and are part of the balsam fir–white birch ecoclimatic domain. These stands were harvested in 1934, 1944, and 1953, using a manual cut-and-bunch harvesting method that protected advance growth, and measures were taken in 1954, 1964, and 1978. The stands were moderately affected by spruce budworm outbreaks between 1950–1957 and 1975–1978. Years elapsed since release rather than total age was used as the temporal variable. Even though the characteristics of the coniferous natural regeneration were quite variable, total basal area explained an important part of growth variations of young fir stands by integrating both density and dimensions of the regeneration. Results show, within the limits of the observed densities (< 15 000 stems/ha, 10 years after harvesting), that stands with a higher basal area will have higher total and merchantable volumes at a given age; rotation age for maximum volume production will decrease correspondingly. Abundance of saplings in the initial natural regeneration can thus have an important impact on stand production and rotation age. In the case of nonoverdense young fir stands (< 15 000 stems/ha, 10 years after harvesting with no height growth impediment), the use of spacing treatments that significantly reduce total basal area could be questioned when pursuing maximum fiber production.

scholarly journals Stand-Level Components of a Growth and Yield Model for Nothofagus Mixed Forests from Southern Chile

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Sebastian Palmas ◽  
Paulo C. Moreno ◽  
Wendel P. Cropper ◽  
Alicia Ortega ◽  
Salvador A. Gezan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Mixed Forests

Reliable information on stand dynamics and development is needed to improve management decisions on mixed forests, and essential tools for this purpose are forest growth and yield (G&Y) models. In this study, stand-level G&Y models were built for cohorts within the natural mixed second-growth Nothofagus-dominated forests in Chile. All currently available (but limited) data, consisting of a series of stratified temporary and permanent plots established in the complete range of this forest type, were used to fit and validate these models. Linear and nonlinear models were considered, where dominant stand age, number of trees, and the proportion of basal area of Nothofagus species resulted in significant predictors to project future values of stand basal area for the different cohorts (with R2 > 0.51 for the validation datasets). Mortality was successfully modeled (R2 = 0.79), based on a small set of permanent plots, using the concept of self-thinning with a proposed model defined by the idea that, as stands get closer to a maximum density, they experience higher levels of mortality. The evaluation of these models indicated that they adequately represent the current understanding of dynamics of basal area and mortality of Nothofagus and companion species in these forests. These are the first models fitted over a large geographical area that consider the dynamics of these mixed forests. It is suggested that the proposed models should constitute the main components of future implementations of G&Y model systems.

Growth and Yield Following Four Reproduction Cutting Methods in Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands--A Case Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker ◽  
Paul A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Four reproduction cutting methods employed on an average site (S.I. = 85 to 90 feet at 50 years) in second-growth loblolly-shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda L.--P. echinata Mill.) in south Arkansas provided adequate pine regeneration to establish or maintain well-stocked stands. During the 36-year study period, heavy seed-tree and diameter-limit cutting methods produced significantly more cubic-foot volume than selection and clearcutting, while clearcutting resulted in significantly less board-foot (Doyle) volume. Since many trees on the clearcut areas are just now reaching sawlog size, board-foot volume production among all treatments will probably equalize as time goes on. Advantages and disadvantages of the four cutting methods for large landholders and private nonindustrial land-owners are discussed.

Growth and mortality response of forest regeneration to partial harvesting varies by species’ shade tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1081-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun K. Bose ◽  
Andrew S. Nelson ◽  
Matthew G. Olson
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Partial Harvesting ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
Harvesting Intensity ◽  
Stand Attributes

Does species’ shade tolerance regulate natural regeneration abundance and composition when partial harvestings (≤80% of basal area removal) are operated on a landscape scale? We examined this question using 835 permanent plots located across forested landscapes of Maine, USA. These plots were surveyed for regeneration growth, mortality, and recruitment before and after treatment application (i.e., partially harvested and unharvested). Our results showed that relative to unharvested stands, high-intensity partial harvesting (41%–80% of basal area removal) increased the number of seedlings (diameter at breast height (DBH) < 2.5 cm) recruited to saplings (DBH of 2.5–12.69 cm) and sapling diameter growth irrespective of species’ shade tolerance over a 15-year period after treatment. However, high-intensity partial harvesting increased sapling mortality during the initial 5 years since harvesting, whereas low-intensity partial harvesting (5%–40% of basal area removal) maintained the natural regeneration dynamics (growth, recruitment, and mortality) of unharvested stands. We found that harvesting intensity, basal area, and seedling density by shade-tolerance group before harvesting are more important attributes than species’ shade tolerance for determining the responses of natural regeneration to partial harvesting. The greater importance of preharvest stand attributes on postharvest regeneration may suggest an integrated overstory and understory manipulation approach for attaining the desired regeneration composition.

scholarly journals Growth and Volume Estimates of Teak (Tectona grandis Linn F.) in Kanya Forest Plantation, Kebbi State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. Dantani ◽  
S. B. Shamaki ◽  
M. A. Gupa ◽  
A. I. Zagga ◽  
B. Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Volume Estimates ◽  
Negative Relationships ◽  
Area And Volume

This study was conducted in order to estimate growth and volume production of Teak (Tectona grandis) in Kanya Forest Plantation, Nigeria. The plantation was divided in to six strata-based age classes (A=38, B=37, C=36, D=35, E=34, F=28, years). Five plots were randomly selected from each stratum. Trees within each plot were enumerated and measured. Variables measured include total height, diameter at the base, middle, top, and diameter at the breast height were taken from 30 temporary sampled plots of 25x25 m approximately from the center, 180 dominant trees were selected from 712 trees. Descriptive statistic was used to summarize the results while inferential statistic (correlation) was used to establish relationship growth and yield variables. Basal area and volume of sampled trees were computed using Excel as well as scatter plots, correlation analysis was achieved using SPSS statistical package version 20. The results of growth and yield values obtained from the dominant trees are (B=249.312 m3/ha, D=196.128 m3/ha, F=134.976 m3/ha, C=119.328 m3/ha, E=100.320 m3/ ha and A=86.976 m3/ha). The results showed that B was (37 years) the best and A (38 years) was the poorest. The results of correlation showed positive relationships with most of the tree growth and yield characteristics but negative relationships exist between age and some parameters that is to say as the age increases those parameters are decreasing.

scholarly journals A Growth and Yield Model for Eucalyptus benthamii in the Southeastern United States

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B Hall ◽  
Jl Stape ◽  
Bronson P Bullock ◽  
Doug Frederick ◽  
Jeff Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Dominant Height ◽  
Growth And Yield Model ◽  
Rotation Age

Abstract In recent Eucalyptus cold-tolerance trials, E. benthamii has shown good growth rates as well as cold tolerance for USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 8 and 9. This study developed growth and yield models for E. benthamii in the southeastern United States. A network of 182 temporary sample plots of E. benthamii ranging in age from 1.5 to 13.3 years was established, and inventory data were collected. Site quality was determined by fitting a polymorphic site index curve, whereas a function for stand basal area based on age, dominant height, and site occupancy was fitted. Stand-level volume and dry-weight biomass prediction equations were fitted as a function of dominant height and basal area. Based on the growth and yield model results, mean annual increments ranged from 26.4 m3 ha–1 year–1 at rotation age 6 years on the best sites to 13.7 m3 ha–1 year–1 at rotation age 10 years on the poorest sites. This is the first published set of management-oriented models for land managers considering planting E. benthamii in the southeastern United States.

Modeling annualized occurrence, frequency, and composition of ingrowth using mixed-effects zero-inflated models and permanent plots in the Acadian Forest Region of North America

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 2077-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongxia Li ◽  
Aaron R. Weiskittel ◽  
John A. Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Occurrence Frequency ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Acadian Forest

Forest tree ingrowth is a highly variable and largely stochastic process. Consequently, predicting occurrence, frequency, and composition of ingrowth is a challenging task but of great importance in long-term forest growth and yield model projections. However, ingrowth data often require different statistical techniques other than traditional Gaussian regression, because these data are often bounded, skewed, and non-normal and commonly contain a large fraction of zeros. This study presents a set of regression models based on discrete Poisson and negative binomial probability distributions for ingrowth data collected from permanent sample plots in the Acadian Forest Region of North America. Models considered here include regular Poisson, zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zero-altered Poisson (ZAP; hurdle Poisson), regular negative binomial (NB), zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB), and zero-altered negative binomial (ZANB; hurdle NB). Plot-level random effects were incorporated into each of these models. The ZINB model with random effects was found to provide the best fit statistics for modeling annualized occurrence and frequency of ingrowth. The key explanatory variables were stand basal area per hectare, percentage of hardwood basal area, number of trees per hectare, a measure of site quality, and the minimum measured diameter at breast height of each plot. A similar model was developed to predict species composition. All models showed logical behavior despite the high variability observed in the original data.

scholarly journals Effect of Spacing Regimes on Growth, Yield, and Wood Properties ofTectona grandisat Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliakimu Zahabu ◽  
Tumaini Raphael ◽  
Shabani Athumani Omari Chamshama ◽  
Said Iddi ◽  
Rogers Ernest Malimbwi
Keyword(s):  
Basic Density ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Rotation Age ◽  
Mean Annual Increment

This study examined the effects of planting spacing on growth, yield, and wood properties of teak planted at square spacing regimes of 2 m, 3 m, and 4 m at Longuza Forest Plantation, Tanzania. To achieve this, tree, stand, and wood properties were studied at age of 14 years. Results showed that diameter at breast height and total height increased with increasing spacing. Mean annual increment increased significantly with increasing spacing while spacing did not have significant effect on total volume production and basal area. Basic density is also not affected by spacing while heartwood proportion increases as planting spacing increases. All studied wood properties (modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression strength tangential to grain, and shear tangential to the grain) except cleavage tangential to grain were not significantly affected by increasing spacing. It is recommended to use the spacing of 3 × 3 m, but if thinning can be done before onset of competition at 5 years, the currently used spacing of 2.5 × 2.5 m can still be used. However, the use of a spacing of 4 × 4 m can give at least 50% heartwood at shorter rotation age of 30 years.

scholarly journals The SOHARC Model System for Growth and Yield of Southern Hardwoods

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul McTague ◽  
David O'Loughlin ◽  
Joseph P. Roise ◽  
Daniel J. Robison ◽  
Robert C. Kellison
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Red Maple ◽  
Yellow Poplar ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Individual Tree Growth

Abstract A system of stand level and individual tree growth-and-yield models are presented for southern hardwoods. These models were developed from numerous permanent growth-and-yield plots established across 13 states in the US South on 9 site types, in even-aged (age classes from 20 to 60 years), fully stocked, naturally regenerated mixed hardwood and mixed hardwood-pine stands. Nested plots (⅕ and ac) were remeasured at 5-year intervals. The system of permanent plots was established and maintained by private and public members in the North Carolina State University Hardwood Research Cooperative. Stand level models are presented for dominant height, survival, basal area prediction and projection, and the ingrowth component. Individual tree diameter growth and tree height models were constructed for the most common species: sweetgum, tupelo, yellow-poplar, blackgum, and red maple. All other species were grouped according to growth dynamics into four species groups using cluster analysis. A ranking variable was incorporated into the individual tree growth models to account for competition.

A reexamination of moose damage to balsam fir–white birch forests in central Newfoundland: 27 years later

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1388-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Thompson ◽  
William J. Curran
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Isle Royale ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
The Mean

A 1960 study from central Newfoundland suggested that moose (Alcesalces L.) would: (i) reduce the commercial value of second-growth forests of central Newfoundland by excessive damage to balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.); (ii) eliminate white birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.) from the forest canopy; (iii) alter conifer species composition; and (iv) reduce the carrying capacity of the area for moose. We resurveyed the original study areas in 1987. Our data suggest that moose have altered species composition in favour of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) and black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) on some sites and have reduced the mean height of balsam fir trees. White birch was generally absent from the canopy. However, contrary to the 1960 prediction, moose appear to have had a positive influence on forest growth by thinning most areas to stem densities comparable with those of precommercially thinned stands. Data from this study were compared with a general model of the influence of moose on balsam fir forests developed for Isle Royale, Michigan. Our data supported two predictions from Isle Royale: moose damage was highest at low balsam fir densities and at highest moose densities. Our results contradicted a third prediction, that height growth was greater in high density stands of saplings. Also, unlike at Isle Royale, despite heavy browsing pressure for extended periods, balsam fir will continue to dominate central Newfoundland forests.

Variations de la régénération préétablie dans les sapinières boréales en fonction de leurs caractéristiques écologiques

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1779-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Côté ◽  
Louis Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Ecological Site ◽  
Advanced Regeneration ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Cluster Analysis Method ◽  
Very High ◽  
Three Phases

The renewal of boreal fir stands after harvesting is related to the abundance of fir advanced regeneration. The objective of this study was to compare the advanced regeneration in 45-years-old balsam fir stands of second growth to determine if ecological site conditions could explain some regeneration problems noted in the balsam fir – white birch ecoclimatic domain. Seven ecological phases were studied; these are among the most common in the Laurentians north of Québec. On the basis of fir seedling densities (2 years old and more), three groups could be distinguished using a cluster analysis method for grouping means. Dry balsam fir – herb-and-moss type on well drained tills formed a first group characterized with very high seedling densities (> 60 000 seedlings/ha). A second group, characterized with high seedling densities (25 000 – 40 000 seedlings/ha), was constituted of three phases with an important moss cover:the mesic balsam fir – moss-and-herb type on moderately well drained tills, the humid balsam fir – moss-and-herb type on imperfectly drained tills with seepage, and the humid balsam fir – moss type on imperfectly drained tills. A third group, with low seedling densities (< 15 000 seedlings/ha), included three phases recognized by their important herb cover associated with a less abundant moss cover: the dry balsam fir – herb type on well drained till, the mesic balsam fir – white birch – herb type on moderately well drained till, and the mesic rich balsam fir – herb type on moderately well drained tills with seepage. Low densities of fir advanced regeneration seemed to be related to the abundance of leaf litter on the forest floor that could hinder fir regeneration. Insufficient natural coniferous regeneration can be anticipated in this last group if harvesting follows the 45-year rotation currently used now in Quebec.

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