Postjunctional supersensitivity of the rat vas deferens and gap junctions

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Paton ◽  
J. Buckland-Nicks ◽  
A. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Rat Vas Deferens ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Fixation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Tissues from the duodenum and vas deferens of Sprague–Dawley rats were examined of the rat vas deferens and gap junctions. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 54, 412–416. by electron microscopy after glutaraldehyde fixation and postosmication. Gap junctions (nexuses) were readily demonstrated in the duodenum in both control and reserpine treated animals (1.0 mg/kg per day for 7 days). However, gap junctions could not be demonstrated in vas deferens. It is concluded that the postjunctional supersensitivity and spontaneous activity induced by reserpine in vas deferens, does not result from the formation of gap junctions.

Ultrastructural investigation of spontaneous pituitary gonadotroph cell adenomas in aging Sprague-Dawley rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 702-703
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reticulin Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Gonadotroph cell adenomas of the pituitary are infrequent in human patients and are not invariably associated with altered gonadal function. To date, no animal model of this tumor type exists. Herein, we describe spontaneous gonadotroph cell adenomas in old male and female Sprague-Dawley rats by histology, immunocytology and electron microscopy.The material consisted of the pituitaries of 27 male and 38 female Sprague Dawley rats, all 26 months of age or older, removed at routine autopsy. Sections of formal in-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin-phloxine-saffron (HPS), the PAS method and the Gordon-Sweet technique for the demonstration of reticulin fibers. For immunostaining, sections were exposed to anti-rat β-LH, anti-ratβ-TSH, anti-rat PRL, anti-rat GH and anti-rat ACTH 1-39. For electron microscopy, tissue was fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% OsO4 and embedded in epoxy-resin. Tissue fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in epoxy resin without osmification, was used for immunoelectron microscopy.

Acid Phosphatase Localization in the Cataractous Rat Lens

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
N.J. Unakar ◽  
J. Tsui ◽  
J.R. Reddan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Probable Role

Lysosomal enzymes seem to play an important role in wound healing and tissue repair (1,2, and 3). In the present investigation we have shown the existence of acid phosphatase and lysosomes in lenticular tissue and have examined the probable role of this enzyme in the induction of galactose cataract. Experiments were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats (50g) fed for 4 days on a diet consisting of equal proportions (by wt.) of Purina Rat Chow and D-galactose. Animals fed Purina Rat Chow alone served as controls. Acid phosphatase was localized by two separate procedures (4 and 5). Lenses were processed for electron microscopy as previously described (3). Lenticular tissue of both controls (Figs. 1 and 2) and galactose fed animals exhibits the reaction product of acid phosphatase. However, the group fed galactose showed a much stronger reaction product compared to controls.

Structural alterations in early myocardial anoxia

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 792-793
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf ◽  
P.M. Rahamatulla
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Major Coronary Artery ◽  
Temporal Basis ◽  
Isolated Rat

Occlusion of a major coronary artery in a canine results in heterogenous infarct that makes the study of sequential subcellular changes on a temporal basis difficult. In this investigation, global anoxia was induced in isolated rat hearts in order to produce uniform anoxic changes. The hearts removed from Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit (KH) medium saturated with 95% O2, 5% CO2 for 30 minutes (control). The ingredients of the anoxic medium were the same except glucose was replaced by mannitol to adjust osmolarity. The anoxic medium was bubbled with 95% N2 and 5% CO2. The perfusion was changed to anoxic medium for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes. Six rats were used for each time interval. At the end of experiments, the hearts were perfused with 3% buffered glutaraldehyde, pH 7.3, postfixed with 1% buffered osmium tetroxide for 1 1/2 hours, dehydrated in ethanol and processed for electron microscopy.

scholarly journals A vapor exposure method for delivering heroin alters nociception, body temperature and spontaneous activity in female and male rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Gutierrez ◽  
Kevin M. Creehan ◽  
Michael A. Taffe
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

AbstractBackgroundThe ongoing crisis related to non-medical use of opioids makes it of continued importance to understand the risk factors for opioid addiction, the behavioral and neurobiological consequences of opioid exposure and to seek potential avenues for therapy. Pre-clinical rodent models have been critical to advancing understanding of opioid consequences for decades, but have been mostly limited to drug delivery by injection or by oral dosing. Inhalation, a significant route for many human users, has not been as well-established.MethodWe adapted an e-cigarette based exposure system, previously shown efficacious for delivery of other drugs to rats, to deliver heroin vapor. Effects in vivo were assessed in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats using a warm-water assay for anti-nociception and an implanted radiotelemetry system for evaluating changes in body temperature and spontaneous activity rate.ResultsInhalation of vapor created by heroin 100 mg/mL in the propylene glycol (PG) vehicle significantly slowed tail-withdrawal from a 52°C water bath, bi-phasically altered activity, and increased temperature in male and female rats. Inhalation of heroin 50 mg/mL for 15 minutes produced significant effects, as the lower bound on efficacy, whereas inhalation of heroin 100 mg/mL for 30 minutes produced robust effects across all endpoints and groups.ConclusionsThis work shows that e-cigarette devices deliver psychoactive doses of heroin to rats, using concentrations of ∼50-100 mg/mL and inhalation durations of 15-30 minutes. This technique may be useful to assess the health consequences of inhaled heroin and other opioid drugs.

Effect of cromakalim on spontaneous activity of castrated rat vas deferens

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Boselli ◽  
A. Barbieri ◽  
E. Grana
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Rat Vas Deferens

scholarly journals Fibrosarcomas in Two Rats Arising from Hepatic Cysts of Cysticercus fasciolaris

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hanes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pleural Cavity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Hepatic Cysts ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Cysticercus Fasciolaris ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Taenia Taeniaeformis

Two of five male Sprague-Dawley rats with hepatic tapeworm cysts developed large multinodular fibrosarcomas. Fibrosarcomas enveloped tapeworm cysts, invaded the serosa of multiple organs, and extended through the diaphragm into the pleural cavity. Light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy supported the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma. The parasites were identified as Cysticercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis. The development of sarcomas in rats induced by Taenia sp. is thought to be attributable to the chronic inflammatory reaction of the capsule. There are parallels between these and other tumors occurring in mice and cats with suggested chronic inflammatory etiologies.

Peliosis in Spontaneous Adenomas of the Rat Pituitary. An Electron Microscopic Study

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
G. Ilse ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Prolactin Cell ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Long Evans

Lakes of blood are frequently observed in spontaneous prolactin cell adenomas of the rat pituitary. The lesions resemble peliosis, a disorder found mainly in the liver but also in the adrenal cortex. In order to reconstruct the events involved in the formation of these blood lakes, 25 spontaneous prolactin cell adenomas and 1 non-prolactin cell adenoma were harvested from adult female Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats and investigated by electron microscopy.

scholarly journals Role of gap junctions in spontaneous activity of the rat bladder

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. F1018-F1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ikeda ◽  
C. Fry ◽  
F. Hayashi ◽  
D. Stolz ◽  
D. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Increased gap junction expression in lamina propria myofibroblasts and urothelial cells may be involved in detrusor overactivity, leading to incontinence. Immunohistochemistry was used to compare connexin (Cx) 26, 43, and 45 expression in the bladders of neonatal, adult, and spinal cord-transected rats, while optical imaging was used to map the spread of spontaneous activity and the effects of gap junction blockade. Female adult Sprague-Dawley rats were deeply anesthetized, a laminectomy was performed, and the spinal cord was transected (T8/T9). After 14 days, their bladders and those of age-matched adults (4 mo old) and neonates (7–21 day old) were excised and studied immunohistochemically using frozen sections or optically using whole bladders stained with voltage- and Ca2+-sensitive dyes. The expression of Cx26 was localized to the urothelium, Cx43 to the lamina propria myofibroblasts, and Cx45 to the detrusor smooth muscle. While the expression of Cx45 was comparable in all bladders, the expression of Cx43 and Cx26 was increased in neonate and transected animals. In the bladders of adults, spontaneous activity was initiated at multiple sites, resulting in a lack of coordination. Alternatively, in neonate and transected animals spontaneous activity was initiated at a focal site near the dome and spread in a coordinated fashion throughout the bladder. Gap junction blockade (18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, 1 μM) abolished this coordinated activity but had no effect on the uncoordinated activity in adult bladders. These data suggest that coordinated spontaneous activity requires gap junction upregulation in urothelial cells and lamina propria myofibroblasts.

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