Synchrony in the amphibian lymphatic system: evidence for bilateral posterior lymph heart synchrony and cardiac–lymphatic synchrony in Rana catesbeiana and Bufo marinus

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily H Coolidge ◽  
Marla J MacAulay ◽  
Daniel P Toews
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
Systemic Heart ◽  
Homeostatic Mechanisms

Early investigations into amphibian lymph heart function established that lymph heart contractions were synchronous with neither the systemic heart, nor the lungs, nor each other. However, the present study concludes that there is synchronization between the cardiac heart and the lymph hearts and that the posterior lymph hearts in both Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802 and Bufo marinus (L., 1758) beat synchronously as well. Pressure peaks were recorded through cannulation of the ischiatic artery and each posterior lymph heart and subsequently analyzed to determine the time differences between arterial diastole and lymph heart systole or between two bilateral lymph heart systoles. Results show that there is clear synchronization between the lymph heart systoles of two bilateral posterior lymph hearts. This lymph heart synchrony is further supported by using Poincaré plot analysis to visually compare the lymph heart inter-beats. Cardiac heart and lymph heart contractions also show a degree of synchronization, even though the lymph hearts beat up to three times as fast as the cardiac heart. These results support the conclusion that synchrony is characteristic of the anuran lymphatic system and that synchronization of the cardiac heart and the lymph hearts could impart an energetic advantage that benefits fluid homeostatic mechanisms.

Physiological analysis of the lymphatic system in the eastern painted turtle (Chrysemys picta picta)

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Walker ◽  
Deanna C. Wolfe ◽  
Daniel P. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Chrysemys Picta ◽  
Painted Turtle ◽  
Sequential Data ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Pressure Peak ◽  
Physiological Analysis ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
Beating Rate

Examination into the anuran lymphatic system has led to a comprehensive understanding of lymphatics, including the importance of synchrony in fluid-balance maintenance. However, little research has been conducted on the lymphatics of turtles and other reptilian vertebrates. Using pressure-peak recordings created through cannulation of both lymph hearts of the eastern painted turtle, Chrysemys picta picta (Schneider, 1783), the lymph heart contraction rate was verified and the interbeat interval patterns were examined using Poincaré plots. The lymph heart beating rate was determined to be 38.2 beats·min–1 with a mean pulse pressure of 2.40 ± 1.44 mm Hg (1 mm Hg at 0 °C = 133.3224 Pa). Poincaré plots are useful in displaying nonlinear sequential data and are often given descriptive names related to the overall pattern. The Poincaré plot resembled a garden hose nozzle spray, indicating a large variability in interbeat time intervals with periods of multiple-beat patterns. The degree of bilateral lymph heart synchrony was determined in the turtle using the mean time difference between right and left lymph heart systoles. Results show that chelonian lymph hearts do in fact beat in synchrony, with over 50% of contractions occurring within 100 ms of each other. This indicates shared neuronal control and may suggest an energetic advantage to fluid homeostasis.

The Role of Arginine Vasotocin in the Control of Posterior Lymph Heart Function in the Toad Bufo marinus (L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn G. Parsons ◽  
Lee A. Wentzell ◽  
Judy M. Jones ◽  
Daniel P. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Function ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
Toad Bufo

Effects of Hypervolemia and Hypovolemia on Cardiac and Posterior Lymph Heart Function in the Toad Bufo marinus (L.)

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Williams ◽  
Judy M. Jones ◽  
Daniel P. Toews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Function ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
Toad Bufo

Aspects of lymph-heart function in Rana catesbeiana

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2125-2130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Esbaugh ◽  
M Hazel ◽  
D P Toews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Axial Coordination ◽  
Venous Circulation ◽  
Lymph Heart ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sampling Times

The effect of voluntary dives on the posterior lymph heart rate of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, was tested and compared with the blood-heart rate (n = 6). This was performed by cannulating the posterior lymph heart and femoral artery simultaneously. Blood-heart rates during submergence were significantly lower (α = 0.05) then pre-submergence rates at all sampling times. In contrast, the lymph hearts showed significantly lower rates only during the first and last submergence intervals. It is believed that the lymph-heart bradycardia found during these intervals is due in part to the physiological "preparations" for diving by the frog. Further information regarding posterior lymph heart contractions was gained by cannulating two posterior lymph hearts on one side of the frog (n = 5). It was found that these hearts beat within 100 ms of each other between 66 and 97% of the time (α = 0.05). The combined contraction of the three posterior lymph hearts could facilitate the movement of lymph through the outflow valve and into the venous circulation. This study represents the first time the axial coordination of homolateral lymph hearts has been shown to extend to the multiple posterior lymph hearts.

Direct measurement of flow from the posterior lymph hearts of hydrated and dehydrated toads (Bufo marinus).

1997 ◽  
Vol 200 (11) ◽  
pp. 1695-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Jones ◽  
A K Gamperl ◽  
A P Farrell ◽  
D P Toews
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Experimental Chamber ◽  
Doppler Flow ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Pressure Development ◽  
Lymph Heart

Flow from the posterior lymph hearts of Bufo marinus was measured using Doppler flow probes. These probes were placed on the posterior vertebral vein and recorded flow as lymph was ejected from the heart. In resting, hydrated toads, mean lymph flow from one of the paired posterior lymph hearts was 25.9 +/- 4.9 ml kg-1 h-1, stroke volume was 8.9 +/- 1.4 microL kg-1 and lymph heart rate was 47.5 +/- 3.7 beats min-1. We estimate that, together, the paired posterior lymph hearts are capable of generating flows that are approximately one-sixtieth of the resting cardiac output. Mean peak systolic pressure developed by the posterior lymph hearts was 1.62 +/- 0.08 kPa. Simultaneous measurements of lymph heart pressure development and flow revealed that the outflow pore of the heart opened at a pressure of 0.71 +/- 0.04 kPa, approximately 113 +/- 5 ms into systole. When toads were moderately disturbed, stroke volume increased by as much as fourfold with little change in lymph heart rate (< 5 beats min-1). When toads were dehydrated, lymph flow decreased by 70% at 12h and by 80% and 24h. Since there was only a modest non-significant decrease in lymph heart rate (30%), this reduction in flow was attributed to decreases in stroke volume (approximately 80%). Lymph heart flow and stroke volume returned to control values 30 min after adding water back into the experimental chamber. Stroke volume was clearly more important in regulating lymph flow than lymph heart rate under these conditions in Bufo marinus.

scholarly journals Late developing cardiac lymphatic vasculature supports adult zebrafish heart function and regeneration

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael RM Harrison ◽  
Xidi Feng ◽  
Guqin Mo ◽  
Antonio Aguayo ◽  
Jessi Villafuerte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Heart Patients ◽  
Scar Size ◽  
Lymphatic Vasculature ◽  
Zebrafish Heart

The cardiac lymphatic vascular system and its potentially critical functions in heart patients have been largely underappreciated, in part due to a lack of experimentally accessible systems. We here demonstrate that cardiac lymphatic vessels develop in young adult zebrafish, using coronary arteries to guide their expansion down the ventricle. Mechanistically, we show that in cxcr4a mutants with defective coronary artery development, cardiac lymphatic vessels fail to expand onto the ventricle. In regenerating adult zebrafish hearts the lymphatic vasculature undergoes extensive lymphangiogenesis in response to a cryoinjury. A significant defect in reducing the scar size after cryoinjury is observed in zebrafish with impaired Vegfc/Vegfr3 signaling that fail to develop intact cardiac lymphatic vessels. These results suggest that the cardiac lymphatic system can influence the regenerative potential of the myocardium.

Characterization of HRV by Poincare Plot Analysis among the Female Tea Garden Workers of Northern Hilly Regions of West Bengal

2012 ◽  
pp. 206-215
Author(s):  
Somsirsa Chatterjee ◽  
Ankur Ganguly ◽  
Saugat Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Tea Garden

Recent research on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has proven that Poincare Plot is a powerful tool to mark Short Term and Long Term Heart Rate Variability. This study focuses a comprehensive characterization of HRV among the Tea Garden Workers of the Northern Hilly Regions of West Bengal. The characterization, as available from the data sets, projects the average values of SD1 characteristics, that is, Short Term HRV in females as 58.265ms and SD2 as 149.474. The SDRR shows a mean value of 87.298 with a standard deviation of 119.669 and the S Characterization as 16505.99 ms and Standard deviation of 45882.31 ms. The SDRR shows a mean value of 87.298 with a standard deviation of 119.669 and the S Characterization as 16505.99 ms and Standard deviation of 45882.31 ms. ApEn Characterization showed mean value of 0.961 and standard deviation of 0.274.

Segmented Poincaré Plot Analysis for Risk Stratification in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (05) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fischer ◽  
R. Schroeder ◽  
H. R. Figulla ◽  
M. Goernig ◽  
A. Voss
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Analysis ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Interval Time Series ◽  
Nonlinear Features ◽  
Cloud Of Points

Summary Background: The prognostic value of heart rate variability in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is limited and does not contribute to risk stratification although the dynamics of ventricular repolarization differs considerably between DCM patients and healthy subjects. Neither linear nor nonlinear methods of heart rate variability analysis could discriminate between patients at high and low risk for sudden cardiac death. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the suitability of the new developed segmented Poincaré plot analysis (SPPA) to enhance risk stratification in DCM. Methods: In contrast to the usual applied Poincaré plot analysis the SPPA retains nonlinear features from investigated beat-to-beat interval time series. Main features of SPPA are the rotation of cloud of points and their succeeded variability depended segmentation. Results: Significant row and column probabilities were calculated from the segments and led to discrimination (up to p < 0.005) between low and high risk in DCM patients. Conclusion: For the first time an index from Poincaré plot analysis of heart rate variability was able to contribute to risk stratification in patients suffering from DCM.

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