Marine nutrient transport: anadromous fish migration linked to the freshwater amphipod Gammarus fasciatus

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-552
Author(s):  
Natalie Hanson ◽  
Marilyn Fogel ◽  
Daniel W. Fong ◽  
Stephen E. MacAvoy
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Fish Migration ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Gammarus Fasciatus ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
C Value ◽  
N Enrichment ◽  
Spawning Run ◽  
Marine Nutrients

Migrating anadromous fish may transfer marine-derived nutrients to oligotrophic tidal fresh water. River herrings (genus Alosa Linck, 1790) are the dominant anadromous genus in Virginia, USA. This study investigates whether marine nutrients derived from spawning Alosa spp. were incorporated into benthic invertebrates by using the stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. Spawning Alosa spp. had higher δ13C and δ15N values (–18.5‰ and 13.9‰, respectively) than resident freshwater omnivorous fishes (–25.7‰ and 11.8‰, respectively). In a tidal stream supporting abundant spawning Alosa spp., 13C and 15N enrichment was observed in stream amphipods (Gammarus fasciatus Say, 1818) coincident with the spawning migration of Alosa spp. The δ13C value for G. fasciatus increased from –28.5‰ to –26.0‰ from early to late April then fell to –28.1‰ in early June. A similar trend was observed in mayflies (Heptageniidae). Particulate organic matter and sediments from both streams remained depleted in 13C (between –29‰ and –28‰) and 15N (between 0.5‰ and 3.0‰) during the spawning run of Alosa spp. It is estimated that between 5% and 35% of amphipod biomass may be derived from marine carbon brought to tidal fresh water by spawning Alosa spp.

Studies of Fish Spoilage: III. The Trimethylamine Oxide Content of the Muscles of Nova Scotia Fish

1939 ◽  
Vol 4b (4) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Beatty
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Fish Spoilage ◽  
Water Fish

Trimethylamine oxide was found in the muscle press juice of all salt water fish examined and in the anadromous fish Pomolobus pseudoharengus taken from the sea. Traces were found in Anguilla taken from salt water, but none in Anguilla from fresh water.

PARASITES OF SOUTH PACIFIC FISHES: III. TREMATODES FROM THE SOLOMONS AND NEW HEBRIDES, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF DAITREOSOMA PARVA N. SP. (MONOGENEA) FROM GUADALCANAL

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Laird
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
Tidal Stream

Daitreosoma parva n.sp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) was discovered in gill smears from four of five glassies, Ambassis miops Günther (Centropomidae), from fresh-water pools on Guadalcanal, British Solomon Islands Protectorate. Only two species of Daitreosoma were known previously, both of them parasitizing Therapon spp. (Theraponidae) from the Thomson River, Queensland. D. parva n. sp., measuring from 133 to 145 μ by from 38 to 41 μ (av., 139 by 39 μ), is only about one-quarter the length and width of its congeners. It also differs from these in details of the haptorial structures and genitalia, notably in that the testis is ventral to the ovary. An encysted metacercaria of Stephanostomum sp. (Digenea: Acanthocolpidae) is also recorded from the gills of A. miops. One of 12 mullets, Mugil oligolepis Bleeker (Mugilidae), from a tidal stream on the island of Aneityum, New Hebrides, had an example of an undetermined species of Microcotyle (Monogenea: Microcotylidae) on its gills.

scholarly journals Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fast food: Signatures of corn and confinement

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (46) ◽  
pp. 17855-17860 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hope Jahren ◽  
Rebecca A. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotopes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Geographically Distributed ◽  
C Value ◽  
Sample Set

Americans spend >100 billion dollars on restaurant fast food each year; fast food meals comprise a disproportionate amount of both meat and calories within the U.S. diet. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to infer the source of feed to meat animals, the source of fat within fries, and the extent of fertilization and confinement inherent to production. We sampled food from McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's chains, purchasing >480 servings of hamburgers, chicken sandwiches and fries within geographically distributed U.S. cities: Los Angeles, San Francisco, Denver, Detroit, Boston, and Baltimore. From the entire sample set of beef and chicken, only 12 servings of beef had δ13C < −21‰; for these animals only was a food source other than corn possible. We observed remarkably invariant values of δ15N in both beef and chicken, reflecting uniform confinement and exposure to heavily fertilized feed for all animals. The δ13C value of fries differed significantly among restaurants indicating that the chains used different protocols for deep-frying: Wendy's clearly used only corn oil, whereas McDonald's and Burger King favored other vegetable oils; this differed from ingredient reports. Our results highlighted the overwhelming importance of corn agriculture within virtually every aspect of fast food manufacture.

scholarly journals Studies of photo-synthesis in marine algæ.—1. Fixation of carbon and nitrogen from inorganic sources in sea water. 2. Increase of alkalinity of sea water as a measure of photo-synthesis

1921 ◽  
Vol 92 (642) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Marine Algae ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Physiology ◽  
Series Of Experiments

The series of experiments recorded in this communication were carried out at Port Erin; the subsequent analyses for amounts of nitrogen fixed were made at the temporary laboratory of the Department of Applied Physiology, M. R. C., at the Lister Institute. The results of the series confirm and amplify those obtained with fresh-water algæ, which showed a convincing uptake of nitrogen from the air, but on account of the change of the medium of growth from fresh to sea water, there are several important modifications in the medium itself as well as in the growing algæ, which appear to us to possess considerable importance in the annual life of the sea, and in the inductance at certain definite periods of the year of increased processes of cell-division and reproduction of species, and possibly in guiding the development of variations in species, and the process of evolution. The details of seasonal variation in growth resulting from intensity of illumination will be given in a subsequent paper; here will be considered the changes in the algæ and the sea water due to the action of light apart from seasonal variations.

scholarly journals Distribution and Ecology of Gammarus Tigrinus Sexton, 1939 and some other Amphipod Crustacea near Beaufort (North Carolina, U.S.A.)

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion J. van Maren
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
High Water ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Gammarus Tigrinus ◽  
Gammarus Fasciatus ◽  
Distribution And Ecology

During summer 1977 the distribution and ecology of amphipod Crustacea in the coastal plain of north Carolina were studied. Ecological data were collected in particular on Gammarus tigrinus, a North American species, which has been introduced in western Europe. The present gammarid, able to endure high water temperatures and adapted to a wide variety of salinities, is found in the more upstream parts of the estuaries in North Carolina. More downstream, at higher salinities, it is replaced by Gammarus palustris, while at very low salinities or in fresh water Gammarus fasciatus is commonly met.

Goezia bangladeshi n. sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from an anadromous fish Tenualosa ilisha (Clupeidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Akther ◽  
A. Alam ◽  
J. D'Silva ◽  
A.I. Bhuiyan ◽  
G.A. Bristow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Definitive Host ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Intestinal Caecum ◽  
Infected Fish ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Tenualosa Ilisha

AbstractA total of 1432 hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (=Hilsa ilisha) from 11 fresh water, brackish water and marine localities in Bangladesh yielded 13 adult Goezia bangladeshi n. sp., all specimens being found in the intestine of a single fish host caught in the lower Ganges. A total of 2372 Goezia juveniles were recovered from 490 infected fish (prevalence 34.2%). This is the first Goezia species recorded from Bangladesh, and it differs from other valid species by the number of caudal papillae (pre 7–9, para 3, post 6); encircled by tiny spines, the position of double papillae, the arrangement of body spines, and the length ratio of the intestinal caecum and the ventricular appendix (1: 3.33–4.72). Juveniles were free in the gut, embedded in the gut wall and encapsulated in mesenteries. Tenualosa ilisha serves as the definitive host, but the predominance of juveniles may indicate that piscivorous hosts may also serve as such. A list of the nominal Goezia species with important characters is provided.

scholarly journals Dynamics of biological parameters of spawners of pacific salmons returned to the rivers of the Avachinsky Bay (south-eastern Kamchatka) in 1989-2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Oleg M. Zaporozhets ◽  
Galina V. Zaporozhets ◽  
Zhanna Kh. Zorbidi
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Negative Trend ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Eastern Kamchatka ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Spawning Run ◽  
Timing Of Spawning

Dynamics of biological parameters for adults of chum, sockeye, pink, coho, and chinook salmons in the rivers of the Avachinsky Bay is analyzed. There is shown for three populations of sockeye salmon that general age of the returned adults correlates positively with duration of their fresh-water life but negatively with timing of their approach for spawning. Tendency to decreasing of weight is revealed for chinook females, but weight of their males is stable. Dynamics of weight and timing of spawning run is significantly different for pink and chum salmons of the rivers Avacha and Nalycheva. Weight of coho females has negative trend, in spite of stable fecundity and age of return.

TETRAMERES CRAMI SWALES, 1933, A NEMATODE PARASITE OF DUCKS IN CANADA.: MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES

1936 ◽  
Vol 14d (10) ◽  
pp. 151-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Swales
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Nematode Parasite ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Gammarus Fasciatus ◽  
Biological Studies

The male of Tetrameres crami is described and the female is redescribed in the light of further studies. The life history has been elucidated and the larval stages described. Two fresh-water amphipods, Gammarus fasciatus Say and Hyalella knickerbockeri (Bate) are intermediate hosts. A list of definitive hosts, notes on the ecology of the intermediate hosts and on tetrameriasis crami, are included.

Coastal populations of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, in Lac Guillaume-Delisle (Richmond Gulf) Québec

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1828-1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Dutil ◽  
G. Power
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Anadromous Fish ◽  
Coastal Streams ◽  
River Mouths ◽  
Fish Dispersal

Brook trout grow slowly in coastal streams and resident fish average only 15.6 cm during their fourth summer. Anadromous fish move into brackish water at approximately 20 cm fork length. In the gulf, the modal age is 4+ and age groups 3+ to 6+ account for 80–90% of the catch. Fish rapidly attain lengths of 35–40 cm, instantaneous growth in weight decreases from 1.27 for 2- to 3-year-old fish to 0.35 for 5- to 6-year-old fish. Dispersal from river mouths may be restricted to a distance of only 5–6 km. Late in July and throughout August, maturing fish of both sexes enter fresh water where ripening occurs. Movements at sea and duration of residence are controlled by salinity and temperature as influenced by maturation.

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