STUDIES ON STRONGYLOIDES OF PRIMATES: I. MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF STRONGYLOIDES FÜLLEBORNI VON LINSTOW, 1905

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premvati
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Free Living ◽  
History Of

A detailed description is given of the parasitic females and free-living stages of Slrongyloides fiilleborni von Linstow, 1905, from Indian rhesus monkeys.

The influence of temperature on the life history of the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus davidi

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Millar ◽  
David Wharton ◽  
Ian Brown
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Strategy ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Egg Incubation ◽  
Polar Species ◽  
Threshold Temperatures ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Antarctic

AbstractPanagrolaimus davidi is a free-living microbivore, associated with moss and algal patches in coastal regions around Ross Island, Antarctica. In laboratory experiments, temperature had a major influence on P. davidi life history parameters. The optimal temperature occurred between 25 and 30°C and the temperature at which population growth ceased was estimated at 6.8°C. Threshold temperatures for developmental processes were in the range 4.1°C (for egg incubation) to 7.6°C (for generation time). The life history strategy of P. davidi shows r-selected features and is more similar to temperate free-living nematodes than to other polar species, which show K-selected features. In the Antarctic, P. davidi is forced to remain dormant for long periods and growth occurs intermittently when conditions allow, suggesting A selection. The life history of P. davidi thus exhibits both A and r-selected features.

STUDIES ON STRONGYLOIDES OF PRIMATES: V. SYNONYMY OF THE SPECIES IN MONKEYS AND APES

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Premvati
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
New World ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Old World ◽  
History Of

A study of the comparative morphology and life history of S. fülleborni, S. cebus, and S. simiae in both the parasitic and free-living generations under different environmental conditions, and their comparison with the free-living stages from faeces of Old World and New World primates has led to the conclusion that the three species should be synonymized into one, for which the name Strongyloides fülleborni von Linstow (1905) has priority.

scholarly journals Coral symbiotic algae calcifyex hospitein partnership with bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (19) ◽  
pp. 6158-6163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg C. Frommlet ◽  
Maria L. Sousa ◽  
Artur Alves ◽  
Sandra I. Vieira ◽  
David J. Suggett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Symbiotic Algae ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
History Of

Dinoflagellates of the genusSymbiodiniumare commonly recognized as invertebrate endosymbionts that are of central importance for the functioning of coral reef ecosystems. However, the endosymbiotic phase withinSymbiodiniumlife history is inherently tied to a more cryptic free-living (ex hospite) phase that remains largely unexplored. Here we show that free-livingSymbiodiniumspp. in culture commonly form calcifying bacterial–algal communities that produce aragonitic spherulites and encase the dinoflagellates as endolithic cells. This process is driven bySymbiodiniumphotosynthesis but occurs only in partnership with bacteria. Our findings not only place dinoflagellates on the map of microbial–algal organomineralization processes but also point toward an endolithic phase in theSymbiodiniumlife history, a phenomenon that may provide new perspectives on the biology and ecology ofSymbiodiniumspp. and the evolutionary history of the coral–dinoflagellate symbiosis.

On the Morphology and Life History of Aproctonema entomophagum Keilin, a Nematode Parasite in the Larvae of Sciara pullula Winn. (Diptera—Nematocera)

Parasitology ◽  
1933 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Keilin ◽  
V. C. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Nematode Parasite ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decaying Wood

1. An account is given of Aproctonema entomophagum Keilin 1917, a Nematode parasite of the larvae of a Mycetophilid fly, Sciara pullula Winn., inhabiting decaying wood.2. The life history of this parasite is remarkable in the following respects:(a) The free-living stage is very short.(b) Both sexes are parasitic.(c) The usual host is the larva of the fly, from which the parasite escapes by actively breaking through the skin; but some parasites may be carried through to the imagines, from which they escape largely by the aid of the egg-laying movements provoked by them in the flies.3. Metamorphosis of the Sciara larva is delayed by the parasitism, so that at least two generations of Nematodes may be found in one host.4. All the parasitised imagines so far examined have been females.5. The systematic position of Aproctonema is discussed, the conclusion being that this worm and its near relative, Tetradonema plicans Cobb 1919, represent two closely allied genera of the family Mermithidae, but are not synonymous with Mermis. It is proposed to dispense with the family Tetra-donematidae Cobb.

The life-history of Archigetes limnodrili (Yamaguti) (Cestoda: Caryophyllaeidae) and its development in the invertebrate host

Parasitology ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
The Body ◽  
Invertebrate Host ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Nature Conservancy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

The development of Archigetes limnodrili in species of Limnodrilus is described. There is no free-living larva and eggs are ingested by the tubificids. Growth and development is completed within the body cavity of the annelid, and egg liberation is accomplished by release of the parasite and decay of its body.Breeding of A. limnodrili takes place throughout the year. In the localities investigated there was no evidence that a fish host was required in the life-cycle. Progenesis was the only type of development encountered in Britain.A. limnodrili exhibits an unusual degree of host specificity, being found only in species of Limnodrilus. It is suggested that this is due to differences in the composition of the coelom or intestine of Limnodrilus compared to other genera.The degree of infection in all localities is very low, and shows no regular seasonal variation. There is no similarity in the seasonal changes in different localities.The relationship between the host and parasite is a stable one, and there is little mutual damage. Factors contributing to this stability are discussed.The development of A. limnodrili is compared with that of other species of Archigetes, and the life-history discussed with particular reference to the phenomenon of progenesis.I wish to thank Professor R. J. Pumphrey in whose Department this work was carried out, and Dr J. C. Chubb for his constant advice and criticism. I also wish to thank Dr K. H. Mann and the University of Reading for provision of specimens and permitting me the use of their facilities. The work was carried out during the tenure of a Nature Conservancy Research Studentship.

Some Stages in the Development of Œsophagostomum dentatum from the Pig

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 191-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Goodey
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Buccal Capsule ◽  
Stage Larva ◽  
Infective Stage ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Oesophagostomum Dentatum ◽  
General Plan ◽  
History Of

In an earlier paper (Goodey, 1924), the writer has given an account of the morphology of the adults of Œsophagostomum dentatum, the development and structure of the free-living larvæ and the biology of the ensheathed infective stage. So far, however, the parasitic larval stages have not been described. In the present paper some of the gaps in our knowledge of the complete life-history of the worm represented by these stages are filled in, not as completely as could be desired owing to the absence from the material of specimens showing the 3rd and 4th ecdyses. The worms found, however, show that the 4th stage larva has a provisional buccal capsule essentially similar to that found in 4th stage larvæ of O. radiatum (Marotel, 1908) and O. columbianum (Veglia, 1924), and in this respect is in line with certain other 4th stage larvæ of the Strongyloidea such as Ancylosloma duodenale (Looss, 1897), and Triodontophorus tenuicollis (Ortlepp, 1925), in which provisional buccal capsules built on the same general plan have been observed.

scholarly journals Dentition and Life History of a 16-year-old Known-age Free-living Male Lion Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Whyte ◽  
G.L. Smuts
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
National Park ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Free Living ◽  
History Of

Wear in the dentition of a known-age, free-living, 16-year-old male lion is described and compared to existing age-determination techniques. Aspects of his life history are described as they are in some contrast to what is known of male lions' life history strategies.

ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORY OF PHOCANEMA DECIPIENS (KRABBE, 1878) MYERS, 1959 (NEMATODA:ANISAKIDAE)

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Probable Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
Freezing Temperatures

Phocanema (synonyms: Porrocaecum, Terranova) decipiens is described in detail and its probable life cycle outlined. Eggs deposited in salt water develop and hatch in 7 to 14 days at between 10 °C and 24 °C, even after previous freezing. Temperatures over 24 °C are lethal. Larvae fed to a large variety of invertebrates passed quickly through their intestines still alive; fed to fish, they disappeared within 24 hours but in one case a larva was found ensheathed in the intestine. No larvae were found in 'wild' invertebrates although many were infected with free-living nematodes. It is concluded that, while numerous invertebrates may act as 'transport' hosts for the larva to a fish, none acts as a true intermediate host. While larvae infective to seals occur commonly in the muscles of cod, a large variety of other fish are also infected and are a more probable source of infection. Development to maturity in the seal takes approximately three weeks, and it is probable that the main source of the infection in the Gulf of St, Lawrence is the harp seal, although harbor and grey seals also contribute to it.

Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of Mytilicola intestinalis

Parasitology ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Copepod Parasite ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Assistantship ◽  
The University

The biochemical constitution of the copepod parasite Mytilicola intestinalis was determined and seasonal changes were detected which, in general, could be correlated with the life-history of the parasite.Biochemical constituents have been discussed in relation to those in other endoparasites and free-living crustaceans. It was concluded that carbohydrates and lipids both formed important stores of energy in M. intestinalis. Protein levels were reduced compared with those in free-living forms.This work forms part of a Ph.D. thesis in the University of London. It was completed during the tenure of a Research Assistantship at The Polytechnic, Regent Street, London W. 1.

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