Biting flies of the eastern Maritime Provinces of Canada. I. Tabanidae

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1493-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Horse Flies ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
Horse Fly

Fifty-seven species of Tabanidae are recorded from maritime Canada. Thirty-one species have been collected during the period 1973–1976 in the Maritime Provinces, particularly in the Nova Scotia–New Brunswick border region. Larval and pupal habitats were not determined. Feeding habits of 20 species of tabanids were determined; 15 species were collected feeding on man, and 9 species feeding on cattle. Chrysops mitis was the most abundant deer fly and accounted for 14.5% of the tabanid population, 37.1% of the deer flies collected, and 52.6% of the deer flies feeding on man. Hybomitra epistates was the most abundant tabanid; it comprised 19.7% of the tabanids collected and 32.6% of the Hybomitra population. Hybomitra frontalis was the most abundant horse fly feeding on man, and comprised 74.2% of this group. Chrysops frigidus accounted for 42.9% of the deer flies feeding on cattle, while H. typhus Form A accounted for 50% of the horse flies feeding on cattle. Hybomitra illota was the most abundant tabanid collected in tabanid traps. Generally, species of Chrysops were more annoying to man while species of Hybomitra were more of a pest of cattle. Specimens of Tabanus were uncommon.

scholarly journals Lobster Tales: Narratives of Food, Past, and Place in Maritime Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Diane Tye
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Real Place ◽  
Contested Meanings ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
The Right

In Canada’s Maritime Provinces, lobster is the food of tourism. Featured in countless guidebooks, cookbooks and restaurant ads, lobster beckons visitors to the region. Later, represented in as many forms as souvenirs, it signifies their trip, offering tangible proof that they have experienced–and tasted–the “real” place. However, as George Lewis (1989) argues is the case in Maine, residents of Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick have their own understandings. Here I explore two generalized narratives widespread in Maritime oral tradition: that lobster was used by farmers as fertilizer on fields and that its consumption once was associated with shame, signaling as it did that a family had nothing else to eat. In considering the contested meanings surrounding lobster’s recontextualization from a food of poverty to a regional delicacy, I suggest that Maritimers’ knowledge of lobster’s earlier working class associations, as well as of the “right” way to cook and eat lobster, acts not only as a marker of socio-economic difference but as an indicator of Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of distinction (1984) that is intricately linked to constructions of regional identity.

Heat flow in the Maritime Provinces of Canada

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Hyndman ◽  
A. M. Jessop ◽  
A. S. Judge ◽  
D. S. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Heat Flow ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Maritime Canada

Heat-flow values have been obtained at six new sites in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. These values and six previously reported for Maritime Canada range from 45 to 79 mW m−2 (1.07 to 1.89 μcal cm−2 s−1) after correction for Pleistocene glaciation. The mean 62 ± 3 mW m−2 (1.48 ± 0.06 μcal cm−2 s−1) after a glacial correction and 54 ± 3 mW m−2 (1.29 ± 0.06 μcal cm−2 s−1) without the correction are in general agreement with the average for Paleozoic orogenic belts. High heat flows in New Brunswick are probably associated with acidic or felsic volcanics with high radioactive heat production. Low heat-flow values are associated with the deep Carboniferous sedimentary basin of Prince Edward Island and northwestern Nova Scotia. Probably the region was uplifted and the surface crystalline rocks with high radioactive heat production were eroded prior to Carboniferous time. During subsequent slow subsidence, low heat production sediments were deposited in the resulting basin. High heat flows in Nova Scotia are associated with the Devonian granites and the older Meguma sediments and metasediments, which have high radioactive heat production. The heat-flow data from Nova Scotia, together with estimates of the radioactive heat production of basement rocks, are consistent with the heat-flow–heat-production relations for the eastern United States, the Canadian Shield, and for other stable areas. The temperature at the base of the crust at 35 km depth is estimated to average about 750 °C.

Pollen evidence for the postglacial origins of Nova Scotia's forests

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Green
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
New England ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Arrival Times ◽  
Local Environments ◽  
Pollen Diagrams ◽  
Propagule Dispersal ◽  
Coastal Shelf ◽  
Maritime Canada

Pollen diagrams from sites in southwest Nova Scotia and close to the New Brunswick – Nova Scotia border show that after retreat of the Wisconsin ice sheets, most tree taxa arrived in the extreme southwest of Nova Scotia earlier than anywhere else in the province. For most tree taxa, arrival times at sites in maritime Canada and in northeastern New England are consistent with very early dispersal of individuals along the coastal strip via the exposed coastal shelf and with their entering Nova Scotia from the southwest. These scattered pioneer populations acted as centres for major population expansions, which followed much later in some cases. Local environments, fire, and interspecies competition appear to have been more important than propagule dispersal rates as factors limiting the spread of most taxa.

scholarly journals A revision of Annularia and Asterophyllites species from the lower Westphalian (Middle Pennsylvanian) of the Maritime Provinces of Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 017-062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Álvarez-Vázquez ◽  
Robert H. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
European Literature ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Identical Composition

As part of a larger project to revise the systematics of lower Westphalian floras of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, the sphenopsid taxa are presently reviewed. We recognize 15 species, of which one, Annularia stopesiae, is new. Detailed synonymy lists allow a refinement of the stratigraphic and geographic ranges of these species. Scant attention has been paid previously to Canadian species in the European literature. For example, Annularia latifolia was described later from Europe as Annularia jongmansii. The identical composition of Westphalian floras from Canada and western Europe is striking.

Establishing past environmental conditions and tracking long-term environmental change in the Canadian Maritime provinces using lake sediments

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B. Korosi ◽  
Brian K. Ginn ◽  
Brian F. Cumming ◽  
John P. Smol
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Water Acidification ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Freshwater Resources ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Surface Water Acidification

Freshwater lakes in the Canadian Maritime provinces have been detrimentally influenced by multiple, often synergistic, anthropogenically-sourced environmental stressors. These include surface-water acidification (and a subsequent decrease in calcium loading to lakes); increased nutrient inputs; watershed development; invasive species; and climate change. While detailed studies of these stressors are often hindered by a lack of predisturbance monitoring information; in many cases, these missing data can be determined using paleolimnological techniques, along with inferences on the full extent of environmental change (and natural variability), the timing of changes, and linkages to probable causes for change. As freshwater resources are important for fisheries, agriculture, municipal drinking water, and recreational activities, among others, understanding long-term ecological changes in response to anthropogenic stressors is critical. To assess the impacts of the major water-quality issues facing freshwater resources in this ecologically significant region, a large number of paleolimnological studies have recently been conducted in Nova Scotia and southern New Brunswick. These studies showed that several lakes in southwestern Nova Scotia, especially those in Kejimkujik National Park, have undergone surface-water acidification (mean decline of 0.5 pH units) in response to local-source SO2 emissions and the long-range transport of airborne pollutants. There has been no measureable chemical or biological recovery since emission restrictions were enacted. Lakewater calcium (Ca) decline, a recently recognized environmental stressor that is inextricably linked to acidification, has negatively affected the keystone zooplankter Daphnia in at least two lakes in Nova Scotia (and likely more), with critical implications for aquatic food webs. A consistent pattern of increasing planktonic diatoms and scaled chrysophytes was observed in lakes across Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, suggesting that the strength and duration of lake thermal stratification has increased since pre-industrial times in response to warming temperatures (∼1.5 °C since 1870). These include three lakes near Bridgewater, Nova Scotia, that are among the last known habitat for critically endangered Atlantic whitefish (Coregonus huntsmani). Overall, these studies suggest that aquatic ecosystems in the Maritime Provinces are being affected by multiple anthropogenic stressors and paleolimnology can be effective for inferring the ecological implications of these stressors.

Observations on the biology of Mansonia perturbans (Walker) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Nova Scotia–New Brunswick border region

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2084-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Peak Abundance

Aerial sweep netting of mosquitoes in the Nova Scotia – New Brunswick border region during the summers of 1973–1975 revealed that Mansonia perturbons (Walker) is the most abundant species in this region. This mosquito is univoltine; adult emergence commences in late June; peak abundance occurs about mid-July; peak activity of blood-seeking females occurs at or near darkness. Observations were made of swarming adults, and the immature stages were associated with at least seven species of aquatic plants. Mansonia perturbans appears to have become a relatively recent pest in this region.

Records of horse flies and deer flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) in New Brunswick

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 1546-1549
Author(s):  
A. W. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Horse Flies

Forty-three species of tabanids in five genera are recorded from New Brunswick. Locality data, notes on seasonal distribution, and relative abundance are given. Modifications to keys of tabanids of the Maritime Provinces are given.

AN ANNOTATED LIST OF THE BLACK FLIES (DIPTERA: SIMULIIDAE) OF THE MARITIME PROVINCES OF CANADA

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1230
Author(s):  
David J. Lewis ◽  
Gordon F. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Seasonal Occurrence ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Maritime Canada

AbstractTwenty species of black flies are now recorded from the Maritime Provinces of Canada. These include five species of Prosimulium, two species of Cnephia, and 13 species of Simulium. With the exception of S. vernum Meigen, all species have been previously recorded from maritime Canada. The known biology of these black flies is summarized and includes information on overwintering stages, larval and pupal habitats, adult emergence and feeding habits, and seasonal occurrence and abundance.

scholarly journals The Derodontidae, Dermestidae, Bostrichidae, and Anobiidae of the Maritime Provinces of Canada (Coleoptera: Bostrichiformia)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1573 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER G. MAJKA
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Dinoderus Minutus ◽  
Saproxylic Species ◽  
Faunal List ◽  
Wood Boring

The beetle families of the Bostrichiformia—the Derodontidae, Dermestidae, Bostrichidae, and Anobiidae – in the Maritime Provinces of Canada are surveyed. Seventy-four native and established introduced species are now known to occur including 30 found in New Brunswick, 65 in Nova Scotia, and 29 on Prince Edward Island. Seven species are newly recorded from New Brunswick, 24 from Prince Edward Island, and 37 from Nova Scotia for a total of 68 new provincial records. A total of 31 species are newly recorded in the Maritime Provinces as a whole, three of which, Dinoderus minutus (Fabricius), Ernobius filicornis LeConte, and Ernobius granulatus LeConte, are newly recorded in Canada. Two species, Ptilinus pruinosus Casey and Caenocara oculata (Say), are removed from the faunal list of New Brunswick, and one subspecies, Attagenus unicolor unicolor (Brahm), is removed from the faunal list of Prince Edward Island since no specimens or published records could be found to support their presence.        Additional records of six other exotic species intercepted at ports and points in the region, but not established here, are also reported. A specimen of the Palearctic Ptinus bicinctus Sturm collected in 1915 in Nova Scotia, establishes a new early timeline for this species in North America. The fauna of the region is distinguished by the very large proportion (37 of 74 species, i.e. 50%) of which is introduced. It is also distinguished by the large proportion (22 of 37 species, i.e. 60%) of the indigenous, native fauna that is apparently rare, perhaps as a result of the historical impact of forest management practices on these wood-boring, saproxylic species. The fauna is further evaluated from both zoogeographic and ecological perspectives.

scholarly journals Filicopsida from the lower Westphalian (Middle Pennsylvanian) of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Maritime Provinces, Canada

2019 ◽  
pp. 001-055
Author(s):  
Carmen Álvarez-Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Maritime Provinces ◽  
Geological Museum ◽  
The Usa

This paper presents a taxonomic revision of filicopsid taxa from the lower to middle Westphalian strata of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Maritime Provinces of Canada. Most of the material represents sporadic historical collecting by Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) personnel, and specimens are in the GSC collections in Ottawa. Additional specimens are in the New Brunswick Museum at Saint John, the Fundy Geological Museum at Parrsboro, and the Joggins Fossil Institute at Joggins. Two specimens from outside Canada clarify specific characteristics. The revision involved the detailed examination of 20 adpression (mainly impression) taxa, of which one, Germera brousmicheae, is new. Detailed synonymy lists, with particular focus on records from Canada and the USA, facilitate a refinement of the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of these species. Most of the taxa from the Maritimes are the same as those from other parts of the paleoequatorial belt of Pennsylvanian times. The Maritimes record of filicopsid taxa closely resembles the filicopsid floras of western Europe, most notably the British Isles.

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