New evidence of high frequency of antler wounding in cervids

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerius Geist
Keyword(s):  
Field Observation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Combat Injuries ◽  
New Evidence

Seventy-two tanned, dehaired hides of four species of cervids from western Canada were examined for evidence of injuries. Combat injuries were segregated from injuries incurred from other sources. Forty-six of 55 males 1.5 years of age and older were scarred, as were 14 of 15 females. Of 15 males 1.5 years of age, 7 showed no scars, nor did two 6-month-old male fawns. Only 1of 22 male cervids over 2.5 years of age showed no combat scars. The frequency of wounding in males was 0–225, and in females0–18 per individual. About three-quarters of the scars were on the neck and haunches, about equally divided between these areas. The longest healed scar measured 420 mm; about 20% of the scars exceeded 100 mm in length. Field observations greatly underestimate wounding in cervids. A few males appear to opt out of rutting, but opt in when opportunity allows. The "dove" strategy is rare, but evidence from hides indicates that it does exist, confirming field observation.

scholarly journals Categories and Frequency: Cognition Verbs in Spanish Subject Expression

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Travis ◽  
Rena Torres Cacoullos
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Semantic Classes ◽  
Variation Patterns ◽  
Subject Pronoun ◽  
Subject Expression ◽  
Linguistic Categories ◽  
Analysis Of Variation ◽  
New Evidence

Are semantic classes of verbs genuine or do they merely mask idiosyncrasies of frequent verbs? Here, we examine the interplay between semantic classes and frequent verb-form combinations, providing new evidence from variation patterns in spontaneous speech that linguistic categories are centered on high frequency members to which other members are similar. We offer an account of the well-known favoring effect of cognition verbs on Spanish subject pronoun expression by considering the role of high-frequency verbs (e.g., creer ‘think’ and saber ‘know’) and particular expressions ((yo) creo ‘I think’, (yo) no sé ‘I don’t know’). Analysis of variation in nearly 3000 tokens of unexpressed and pronominal subjects in conversational data replicates well-established predictors, but highlights that the cognition verb effect is really one of 1sg cognition verbs. In addition, particular expressions stand out for their high frequency relative to their component parts (for (yo) creo, proportion of lexical type, and proportion of pronoun). Further analysis of 1sg verbs with frequent expressions as fixed effects reveals shared patterns with other cognition verbs, including an association with non-coreferential contexts. Thus, classes can be identified by variation constraints and contextual distributions that are shared among class members and are measurably different from those of the more general variable structure. Cognition verbs in variable Spanish subject expression form a class anchored in lexically particular constructions.

scholarly journals Field Recording or Field Observation?: Audio Meets Method in Qualitative Research

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Smiley
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Field Recording ◽  
Clifford Geertz ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Pauline Oliveros

The field observation, an ethnographic practice of collecting data and information about a given social setting and situation is often used in preliminary research to have an understanding of the community one is researching. However, from an artist/musician's perspective, the field observation has many commonalities with techniques used in audio field recording. How can field recording be used in parallel with field observations to explore and understand a community through art? This essay will begin with a comparison of field observations and field recordings as methods in their own disciplines, and continue with the concept of “attention” in art, music, science and anthropology. It will follow and conclude with a project that looks at combining qualitative research and art to explore a community of gardeners through recorded interviews and sounds. The work of Pauline Oliveros, Walter S. Gershon, Clifford Geertz, Anne McCrary Sullivan, and Steven Feld will be important in making the connections across disciplines.

scholarly journals The bounds of suicide talk: Implications for qualitative suicide research

2021 ◽  
pp. 136345932110607
Author(s):  
Patti Ranahan ◽  
Veronica Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Training Initiative

Following the implementation of a provincial suicide prevention gatekeeper training initiative in western Canada between 2015 and 2018, we conducted a focused ethnography designed to capture the post-initiative context within one small community. Analyses of our field observations and interviews with community members suggest suicide prevention work is represented in multiple informal or coordinated actions to generate innovative pathways to provoke open conversations about suicide. Simultaneously, suicide talk is constrained and managed to limit vulnerability and exposure and adhere to community privacy norms. Further, parameters around suicide talk may be employed in efforts to construct the community and mental health care in livable ways. As the research process paralleled existing representations of suicide prevention work in the community, this paper explores our entanglement in the bounds of suicide talk during phases of recruitment, data collection and knowledge translation activities.

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