An endemic groundwater fauna in unglaciated eastern North America

Invertebrates specialized for life in groundwater (stygobionts) are diverse and widely distributed in Europe but poorly known in North America. A survey of the invertebrate fauna at 14 sites in eastern North America shows that unglaciated ancient terrain in eastern North America contains a rich fauna of stygobionts. Several groups of stygobionts (the polychaete Troglochaetus sp., an undescribed genus of aphanoneuran annelid, a possibly undescribed family of oligochaetes, bathynellacean crustaceans, and microcerberid isopods) are reported for the first time from eastern North America. Stygobionts are infrequent north of the glacial border, suggesting that they have not yet been able to disperse into glaciated terrain. The extraordinarily slow dispersal rates implied by these distributions have important ecological ramifications. The few stygobionts found north of the glacial border may have survived glaciation in subglacial refugia.

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Ptiliidae of the Maritime Provinces of Canada (Coleoptera): new records and bionomic notes

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1423.1.2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1423 (1) ◽

pp. 27-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

CHRISTOPHER G. MAJKA ◽

MIKAEL SÖRENSSON

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Prince Edward Island ◽

New Records ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Maritime Provinces ◽

The Family ◽

Saproxylic Species ◽

Undisturbed Forest ◽

First Time ◽

Forest Conditions

The Ptiliidae of the Maritime Provinces of Canada is surveyed. Twenty-nine new provincial records from the Maritime Provinces of Canada are reported including the first records of the family from Prince Edward Island. Fourteen species are recorded for the first time for the Maritime Provinces as a whole. Acrotrichis josephi (Matthews) is recorded for the first time in eastern North America and Acrotrichis haldemani (LeConte) is recorded for the first time in Canada. The genus Pteryx is reported for the first time in Canada. At least 29 species of Ptiliidae are now known to occur in the region. The fauna is briefly discussed in terms of its overall composition, introduced species, and species associated with particular habitats. Saproxylic species found in mature forests are discussed and attention is drawn to their possible relationship to undisturbed forest conditions and the scarcity of old-growth habitats in the region.

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Trametes gibbosa (Basidiomycetes, Polyporales) in the USA and Canada

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b07-013 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 342-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. Kout ◽

J. Vlasák

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Czech Republic ◽

North America ◽

Mating Type ◽

North American ◽

Eastern North America ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

The North ◽

The Usa ◽

First Time

The polypore Trametes gibbosa (Pers.) Fries, common in Europe and Asia, is reported from eastern North America for the first time. Single basidiospore cultures from Pennsylvania, United States, and Quebec, Canada, were paired with each other and with cultures from the Czech Republic. The North American intercollection crosses were 60% compatible and 100% compatible with the Czech cultures. All the crosses among the Czech cultures were 100% compatible. The recent introduction of T. gibbosa to North America is suggested as a possible explanation for the limited number of mating-type alleles and subsequent incompatibility among the North American cultures.

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Statistical Analysis of Paradigmatic Class Richness Supports Greater Paleoindian Projectile-Point Diversity in the Southeast

American Antiquity ◽

10.7183/0002-7316.81.1.174 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 174-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Metin I. Eren ◽

Anne Chao ◽

Chun-Huo Chiu ◽

Robert K. Colwell ◽

Briggs Buchanan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Projectile Point ◽

Tennessee River ◽

The 1960S ◽

River Valleys ◽

First Time ◽

Atlantic Coastal ◽

Point Class

AbstractRonald Mason’s hypothesis from the 1960s that the southeastern United States possesses greater Paleoindian projectile-point diversity than other regions is regularly cited, and often assumed to be true, but in fact has never been quantitatively tested. Even if valid, however, the evolutionary meaning of this diversity is contested. Point diversity is often linked to Clovis “origins,” but point diversity could also arise from group fissioning and drift, admixture, adaptation, or multiple founding events, among other possibilities. Before archaeologists can even begin to discuss these scenarios, it is paramount to ensure that what we think we know is representative of reality. To this end, we tested Mason’s hypothesis for the first time, using a sample of 1,056 Paleoindian points from eastern North America arui employing paradigmatic classification and rigorous statistical tools used in the quantification of ecological biodiversity. Our first set of analyses, which compared the Southeast to the Northeast, showed that the Southeast did indeed possess significantly greater point-class richness. Although this result was consistent with Mason’s hypothesis, our second set of analyses, which compared the Upper Southeast to the Lower Southeast and the Northeast showed that in terms of point-class richness the Upper Southeast > Lower Southeast > Northeast. Given current chronometrie evidence, we suggest that this latter result is consistent with the suggestion that the area of the Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee River valleys, as well as the mid-Atlantic coastal plain, were possible initial and secondary “staging areas” for colonizing Paleoindian foragers moving from western to eastern North America.

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Cytogeography of the Solidago rugosa Mill. Complex (Asteraceae: Astereae) in Eastern North America

Taxonomy ◽

10.3390/taxonomy1040023 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 290-301

Author(s):

John C. Semple ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Rachel E. Cook ◽

Bambang Agus Suripto

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Coastal Plain ◽

Chromosome Numbers ◽

Appalachian Mountains ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Ploidy Levels ◽

Northern Portion ◽

Allegheny Mountains ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

First Time

Chromosome numbers are reported here for the first time from 117 individuals of Solidago rugosa and S. fistulosa. Including 178 previously published reports for the two species plus S. latissimifolia, chromosome numbers have been determined from 295 individuals from 269 locations. Only diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. fistulosa on the coastal plain in the eastern U.S.A. (44 counts). Diploids (2n = 18) were found in the northern portion of the range of S. latissimifolia, and tetraploids (2n = 36) and hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in the central and southern portions of the range (nine counts in total). Diploids (2n = 18) were found throughout the range of S. rugosa in much of eastern North America in four of the five varieties (northern var. rugosa, var. sphagnophila; southern var. aspera and var. celtidifolia). Tetraploids (2n = 36) were found in all four of these varieties and exclusively in var. cronquistiana in the southern high Appalachian Mountains. Hexaploids (2n = 54) were found in var. sphagnophila at scattered locations. One possible hexaploid in var. rugosa was found in the Allegheny Mountains. The diversity in ploidy levels was independent of the size of the range and the diversity of growing conditions among the three species of S. subsect. Venosae.

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First records of Cyclorhipidion fukiense (Eggers) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini), an ambrosia beetle native to Asia, in North America

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4394.2.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4394 (2) ◽

pp. 243 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. RICHARD HOEBEKE ◽

ROBERT J. RABAGLIA ◽

MILOŠ KNÍŽEK ◽

JOHN S. WEAVER

Keyword(s):

South Carolina ◽

High Resolution ◽

North America ◽

Ambrosia Beetle ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Morphometric Measurements ◽

Adventive Species ◽

High Resolution Images ◽

First Time

The Asian ambrosia beetle, Cyclorhipidion fukiense (Eggers) was detected for the first time in North America based on three specimens trapped in 2012 from three localities in South Carolina and two other specimens intercepted at the port of Savannah, Georgia, in 2010. The species is characterized, illustrated with high-resolution images, and compared with two other congeneric, adventive species (C. bodoanum and C. pelliculosum) presently established in eastern North America. Morphometric measurements are provided and a provisional key is presented to the species of Cyclorhipidion occurring in North America.

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Protoparmelia capitata sp. nov., and P. isidiata Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus., two species of Protoparmelia ( Lecanorales, Ascomycota) from south-eastern North America

The Lichenologist ◽

10.1017/s0024282908007810 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (04) ◽

pp. 329-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

James C. LENDEMER ◽

H. Thorsten LUMBSCH

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Ssu Rdna ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Eastern North America ◽

South Eastern ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

First Time

Abstract:Protoparmelia capitata Lendemer, a sorediate species, is described as new to science. It is characterized by having large hemispherical soralia. Protoparmelia isidiata Diederich, Aptroot & Sérus., an isidiate species, is reported for the first time from North America. Both taxa produce alectoronic acid, and are shown to be widespread in sub-tropical portions of south-eastern North America. The placement of these two taxa in Protoparmelia is supported by a phylogenetic study of mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences.

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Lower and Middle Ordovician Lithistid Demosponges from the Mingan Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Quebec, Canada

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s002233600006100x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 69 (S41) ◽

pp. 1-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Keith Rigby ◽

Andre Desrochers

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

North America ◽

Type Material ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Middle Ordovician ◽

First Time ◽

Original Type

New collections, as well as original type material, of Lower and Middle Ordovician sponges from the Mingan Island Archipelago are described and figured from the Mingan and Romaine Formations. Archaeoscyphia minganensis (Billings, 1859), Hudsonospongia minganensis Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, H. irregularis Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, H. duplicata Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, Zittelella varians (Billings, 1861a), and Eospongia roemeri Billings, 1861, are redescribed from original type specimens and new collections. The species Archaeoscyphia pulchra (Bassler, 1927), Rhopalocoelia clarkii Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, Psarodictyum magnificum Raymond and Okulitch, 1940, and Lissocoelia ramosa Bassler, 1927 are reported and described from the Mingan Islands for the first time. To these sponges are added the new species Anthaspidella amplia, Archaeoscyphia undulata, Hudsonospongia nodosa, and Zittelella grossa, which are described from type specimens from the Mingan Formation.The assemblage from 12 localities from the Mingan Formation, and one from the Romaine Formation, represents one of the most diverse demosponge faunas from eastern North America. Sponges in most of the localities accumulated as transported debris or lag gravels, but locally, some grew in small reefoidal mounds and also accumulated as adjacent debris.

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Cytotaxonomy of some Cirsium species of the eastern United States, with a key to eastern species

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b69-177 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 1257-1275 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. J. Moore ◽

C. Frankton

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

North America ◽

Chromosome Number ◽

Introduced Species ◽

The United States ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Eastern United States ◽

Chromosome Counts ◽

First Time ◽

Eastern Species

The morphology and chromosome number of nine species of Cirsium of eastern North America are considered. Chromosome counts are presented for the first time for C. iowense, 2n = 18; C. lecontei, 2n = 32; C. nuttallii, 2n = 24, 28; C. repandum, 2n = 30; C. smallii, 2n = 34; C. engelmannii, 2n = 20; C. texanum, 2n = 22, 24; C. virginianum, 2n = 28. Additional chromosomes, possibly to be considered as accessories, were found in C. nuttallii, C. engelmannii, and C. texanum. These chromosomes render uncertain the number characteristic of these species. A key to the 26 native and introduced species found in Canada and the United States east of 100° west latitude is presented. The interrelationships of the eastern species and of the species of the western series Undulata are discussed.

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Introduced Prophysaon andersonii (J.G. Cooper, 1872) in Quebec, Canada: first record of Prophysaon (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Arionoidea) in eastern North America, confirmed by partial-COI gene sequence

Check List ◽

10.15560/16.2.307 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 307-316

Author(s):

Annegret Nicolai ◽

Robert G. Forsyth

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

New Record ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

First Record ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Western North America ◽

Native Range ◽

First Time

We report for the first time the terrestrial slug Prophysaon andersonii (J.G. Cooper, 1872) from Quebec, Canada. Two specimens were collected in Parc national du Bic. The identification was determined by the external morphology and partial-COI gene sequence data. The genus Prophysaon is endemic to western North America, and the new record indisputably represents an introduction. No species of Prophysaon has, until now, been noticed in North America from outside its native range.

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Redescription of Arundel formation Ornithomimosaur material and a reinterpretation of Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni as an “Ostrich Dinosaur”: Biogeographic implications

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2308v2 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Chase Doran Brownstein

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Early Cretaceous ◽

Fossil Record ◽

Eastern North America ◽

Prince George's County ◽

The Past ◽

First Time ◽

Eastern Seaboard

The fossil record of dinosaurs from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America is scant, especially since few formations from the east are fossiliferous. Among those that are is the Arundel Formation of the eastern seaboard, which has produced among the best dinosaur faunas known from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America. The diverse dinosaur fauna of this formation has been thoroughly discussed previously, but few of the dinosaur species originally described from the Arundel are still regarded as valid genera. Much of the Arundel material is in need of review and redescription. Among the fossils of dinosaurs from this formation are those referred to ornithomimosaurs. Here, I redescribe ornithomimosaur remains from the Arundel facies of Prince George’s County, Maryland which may be from two distinct ornithomimosaur taxa. These remains provide key information on the theropods of the Early Cretaceous of Eastern North America. Recent discoveries of small theropod material from the Arundel Formation are also reviewed and described for the first time. The description of the Arundel material herein along with recent discoveries of basal ornithomimosaurs in the past 15 years has allowed for comparisons with the coelurosaur Nedcolbertia justinhofmanni, suggesting the latter animal was a basal ornithomimosaurian dinosaur rather than a “generalized” coelurosaur as which it was originally described. Comparisons between the Arundel ornithomimosaur material and similar Asian and European specimens suggest that both extremely basal ornithomimosaurs and more intermediate or derived forms coexisted throughout the northern hemisphere during the Early Cretaceous. Additionally, the possible presence of two distinct ornithomimosaurs in the Arundel allies the Arundel facies with Asian sediments in their coelurosaurian fauna.

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