scholarly journals Analogue Hawking radiation and quantum soliton evaporation in a superconducting circuit

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehua Tian ◽  
Jiangfeng Du
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Black Hole Physics ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Superconducting Circuit ◽  
Deep Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Proposal

AbstractHawking radiation is one of the most intriguing and elusive predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Previous works simulating Hawking radiation have been mostly based on Unruh’s scenario, where the propagation of quantum field in classical gravitational background is mimicked. Here, guided by the duality between black holes in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) dilaton gravity and solitons in sine-Gordon (SG) field theory, we propose the use of a superconducting circuit for investigating analogue Hawking radiation. $$1+1$$1+1 dimensional black holes can be realized as solitons of the SG equation of superconducting phase. It is found despite the absence of field theoretic dynamical modes, the analogue Hawking radiation is emitted in terms of the quantum soliton evaporation as a result of quantum perturbation of the black hole metric. Our theoretical proposal could not only facilitate the observation of relativistic quantum effects in lab, but also contribute to experimentally exploring the quantum mechanics of solitons, especially to the deep relationship between such mechanics and black hole physics.

scholarly journals Localization in quantum field theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1740008 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Wave Function ◽  
Black Hole Physics ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Unruh Effect ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Simple Derivation ◽  
Spatial Region

In non-relativistic quantum mechanics, Born’s principle of localization is as follows: For a single particle, if a wave function [Formula: see text] vanishes outside a spatial region [Formula: see text], it is said to be localized in [Formula: see text]. In particular, if a spatial region [Formula: see text] is disjoint from [Formula: see text], a wave function [Formula: see text] localized in [Formula: see text] is orthogonal to [Formula: see text]. Such a principle of localization does not exist compatibly with relativity and causality in quantum field theory (QFT) (Newton and Wigner) or interacting point particles (Currie, Jordan and Sudarshan). It is replaced by symplectic localization of observables as shown by Brunetti, Guido and Longo, Schroer and others. This localization gives a simple derivation of the spin-statistics theorem and the Unruh effect, and shows how to construct quantum fields for anyons and for massless particles with “continuous” spin. This review outlines the basic principles underlying symplectic localization and shows or mentions its deep implications. In particular, it has the potential to affect relativistic quantum information theory and black hole physics.

5. Entropy and thermodynamics of black holes

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Black Hole Evaporation ◽  
Stephen Hawking ◽  
Laws Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Black Hole Information ◽  
Thermodynamics Of Black Holes

‘Entropy and thermodynamics of black holes’ considers how the laws of thermodynamics and entropy can be applied to black holes. It discusses the work of Roger Penrose, James Bardeen, Brandon Carter, and Stephen Hawking, which, using quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, has enabled these scientists to propose likely behaviour in and around black holes. The concepts of black hole evaporation and Hawking radiation are explained to show how black holes lose mass and eventually disappear. It concludes with the black hole information paradox: can the information stored in the matter that fell into the black hole ever be recovered?

Quantum mechanics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kachelriess
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Transition Amplitude ◽  
External Source ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Damping Term ◽  
Relativistic Quantum Theory ◽  
Generating Functional

After a brief review of the operator approach to quantum mechanics, Feynmans path integral, which expresses a transition amplitude as a sum over all paths, is derived. Adding a linear coupling to an external source J and a damping term to the Lagrangian, the ground-state persistence amplitude is obtained. This quantity serves as the generating functional Z[J] for n-point Green functions which are the main target when studying quantum field theory. Then the harmonic oscillator as an example for a one-dimensional quantum field theory is discussed and the reason why a relativistic quantum theory should be based on quantum fields is explained.

scholarly journals Islands and stretched horizon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Total System ◽  
Island Rule ◽  
Asymptotically Flat ◽  
Flat Spacetime ◽  
Ads Spacetime ◽  
Hole Geometry

Abstract Recently it was proposed that the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation contains the information of a region including the interior of the event horizon, which is called “island.” In studies of the entanglement entropy of the Hawking radiation, the total system in the black hole geometry is separated into the Hawking radiation and black hole. In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy of the black hole in the asymptotically flat Schwarzschild spacetime. Consistency with the island rule for the Hawking radiation implies that the information of the black hole is located in a different region than the island. We found an instability of the island in the calculation of the entanglement entropy of the region outside a surface near the horizon. This implies that the region contains all the information of the total system and the information of the black hole is localized on the surface. Thus the surface would be interpreted as the stretched horizon. This structure also resembles black holes in the AdS spacetime with an auxiliary flat spacetime, where the information of the black hole is localized at the interface between the AdS spacetime and the flat spacetime.

scholarly journals Classical black hole scattering from a worldline quantum field theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustav Mogull ◽  
Jan Plefka ◽  
Jan Steinhoff
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Field Theory ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Path Integral Representation ◽  
S Matrix ◽  
Feynman Rules ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Three Body

Abstract A precise link is derived between scalar-graviton S-matrix elements and expectation values of operators in a worldline quantum field theory (WQFT), both used to describe classical scattering of black holes. The link is formally provided by a worldline path integral representation of the graviton-dressed scalar propagator, which may be inserted into a traditional definition of the S-matrix in terms of time-ordered correlators. To calculate expectation values in the WQFT a new set of Feynman rules is introduced which treats the gravitational field hμν(x) and position $$ {x}_i^{\mu}\left({\tau}_i\right) $$ x i μ τ i of each black hole on equal footing. Using these both the 3PM three-body gravitational radiation 〈hμv(k)〉 and 2PM two-body deflection $$ \Delta {p}_i^{\mu } $$ Δ p i μ from classical black hole scattering events are obtained. The latter can also be obtained from the eikonal phase of a 2 → 2 scalar S-matrix, which we show corresponds to the free energy of the WQFT.

scholarly journals Islands and Page curves of Reissner-Nordström black holes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanhua Wang ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Hawking Radiation ◽  
Entanglement Entropy ◽  
Additional Term ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Information Paradox ◽  
Extremal Surface ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Black Hole Information

Abstract We apply the recently proposed quantum extremal surface construction to calculate the Page curve of the eternal Reissner-Nordström black holes in four dimensions ignoring the backreaction and the greybody factor. Without the island, the entropy of Hawking radiation grows linearly with time, which results in the information paradox for the eternal black holes. By extremizing the generalized entropy that allows the contributions from the island, we find that the island extends to the outside the horizon of the Reissner-Nordström black hole. When taking the effect of the islands into account, it is shown that the entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation at late times for a given region far from the black hole horizon reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the Reissner-Nordström black hole with an additional term representing the effect of the matter fields. The result is consistent with the finiteness of the entanglement entropy for the radiation from an eternal black hole. This facilitates to address the black hole information paradox issue in the current case under the above-mentioned approximations.

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