More on Mineral Resources: Their Economic Significance, Sustainability, and Environmental Issues

Author(s):  
Radule Tosovic

The application of economic criteria of profitability and business operation is not only required but essential in the modern business climate for the proper functioning of a country’s mineral sector, mineral economics and ensuring market survival. A distinctive feature of economic evaluations of mineral reserves is their division into strategic mineral resources and other mineral resources. Apart from their economic significance, strategic mineral resources are particularly noteworthy due to their national or social importance. Depending on the type of resource and its social and economic significance, the economic evaluation of mineral resources may be conducted from two standpoints: business and social profitability. Given the transition of the mineral economics into a market economy, special attention needs to be paid to social profitability, since solely orienting towards business profitability may cause long-term negative effects on the economy and mineral economics. What this means in practice is adhering to economic criteria and market orientation on one hand, while analytically including key components of social profitability on the other.


2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 333-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Kuehn

There is a long history of attacks on scientists. During the Inquisition, the Roman Catholic Church charged Galileo with heresy and, after imprisonment and threats of torture, forced him to renounce his theory that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe. In the 1950s, politicians sought to silence scientists that allegedly held political views sympathetic to Communists.In recent years, research results, rather than the scientist's religion or politics, have motivated attacks on scientists. As environmental issues grow in economic significance and as science takes on increasing importance in influencing public opinion and resolving environmental policy debates, suppression of environmental science has become increasingly common. As one author observed, the power of science to legitimate environmental positions by claiming exclusive truth makes ownership of science one of the most contested issues in modern environmentalism.


Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (5215) ◽  
pp. 1305-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Hodges

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-758
Author(s):  
Silvia Woll

Innovators of in vitro meat (IVM) are convinced that this approach is the solution for problems related to current meat production and consumption, especially regarding animal welfare and environmental issues. However, the production conditions have yet to be fully clarified and there is still a lack of ethical discourses and critical debates on IVM. In consequence, discussion about the ethical justifiability and desirability of IVM remains hypothetical and we have to question those promises. This paper addresses the complex ethical aspects associated with IVM and the questions of whether, and under what conditions, the production of IVM represents an ethically justifiable solution for existing problems, especially in view of animal welfare, the environment, and society. There are particular hopes regarding the benefits that IVM could bring to animal welfare and the environment, but there are also strong doubts about their ethical benefits.


Crisis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth King ◽  
Neil Frost

Abstract. A retrospective suicide study revealed that the Forestry Commission car parks in the New Forest in southern England were a previously unrecognized magnet for nonlocal suicides, attracting as high a proportion of “visitors” (35/43 in 1993-97) as among suicides who jumped from the cliffs at the infamous Beachy Head (39/48 in 1993-97). Over 95% of the car park suicides died from car exhaust gas poisoning. A multiagency initiative aimed to reduce the number of suicides in the 140 New Forest car parks where restricting access was impossible, and environmental issues paramount. Signs displaying the Samaritans' national telephone number were erected in the 26 car parks in which 50% of the car park suicides had occurred. Numbers, location, and residence of all car park deaths were monitored for 3 years. Corresponding changes in other forest registration districts were also monitored. During the 3-year intervention period the number of car park suicides fell significantly from 10/year, 1988-1997, to 3.3/year. The average annual total number of suicides in the New Forest registration district also decreased. No significant changes were found in comparable forest districts. The number of suicides in the New Forest car parks remained low during the 2 years following the evaluation.


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