Determination of Incentive Prices Under Conflicts Among Various Stakeholders, and the Distinction Between Two Purposes of Market Price

2018 ◽  
pp. 435-446
Keyword(s):  
Market Price

Appraising the Scope and Application of the Market-Price Rule in Upheld Contracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-276
Author(s):  
Paul Nkoane
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Breach Of Contract ◽  
Latent Defects ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Price Rule

The use of the market price for determining liability in contract lacks dedicated attention in South African law. Even far scanter is the holistic literature on the use of the market-price rule in contracts that are not terminated on breach of contract. Although, there has been suggestions that the market-price rule can be used to determine damages in upheld contracts, this was never technically demonstrated. Thus, the argument that the market-price rule can be used in contracts that are not terminated remains moot. This article presents various methods that illustrate how the market-price rule should apply in upheld contracts. The article undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the market-price rule to determine its efficacy in contracts that are not terminated, with the focus on the determination of the degree of liability. Regarding the determination of liability, the article to some extent discusses contracts with latent defects and those with items of questionable quality. Various methods and techniques are discussed to enlighten about how the market price can affect the determination of liability in upheld contracts, and to illustrate that this principle is suitable for determining damages in contracts that are not terminated.

scholarly journals Die metodiek en aanwendingsmoontlikhede van 'n markprysbepalingsmetode by onduursame verbruikersgoedere

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Chris P. Lerm
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
New Method ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Target Price

The methodology and applicability of a method to determine the market price of non-durable consumer products Proper pricing should be done in three phases. Firstly, the determination of the market price, namely that price which the consumers are prepared to pay for the amount of need-satisfaction they perceive from using the product. Secondly, the determination of the target price, namely that price which will give a satisfactory rate of return on investment for the firm. Thirdly, the determination of the final price, by achieving a match between the market price and the target price. The present methods to determine the market price were analysed and with this information a new method to determine the market price of non-durable consumer products was developed. The objectives of this article are to report on an empirical investigation undertaken to test the feasibility of this method and the seven steps to follow in using the method; and to outline the results obtained and conclusions which may be reached; the implications and use of the empirical data; and the method to determine the market price.

scholarly journals Legal Protection For Debtors In Selling Of Immovable Guaranteed Objects Below The Market Price In Indonesian Positive Law

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Dyatmika Malik ◽  
Sri Endah Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Initial Procedure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Price

The difference price that occurs, in the implementation of execution of the debtor’s collateral object, the creditor should pay attention on the debtor’s right, ie the debtor should get a normal price on the guaranteed good which is being executed. It is related to the debtor's obligation, in case that the object’s price is under the value of the debt. The issues raised in this study are how the process of selling immovable goods under the positive law in Indonesia, How the actions that can be done by the debtor if the guaranty is sold by the creditor below the market price, How legal protection for the debtor in selling the immovable goods under the provisions of Indonesia's positive law. The research method used was normative juridical research with approach of law, concept, and case study. The results of this study found that, first, the initial procedure in selling the immovable goods is through an auction request. The auction request is made by the seller, in this case the creditor. Second, if the sale is conducted through auction, it can be requested for loss of a lawsuit against the law only found any mistake in the implementation of auction procedures. And third, these aspects include: Debtor position related to the determination of the limit value, the position of the debtor in the event of auction cancellation; The position of the debtor in the case of the sale of a guaranteed underhand object; and the position of the debtor when the item has been sold and is in a third party.Keywords: Protection; Sale; Positive Law; Immovable Objects

scholarly journals UNDER/OVER HARGA PASAR SAHAM BBNI TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Equity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Panubut Simorangkir
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Industry Analysis ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
Closing Price

This study was conducted to determine whether the company's performance BBNI reflected in the market price of its shares. An assessment of the share price calculated by the method BBNI Discounted Earnings Approach. The approach used is the analysis of top-down where the approach begins with a macroeconomic analysis, industry analysis and then proceed with the analysis of the company, analysis of financial projections for the next few years and then analyzes the determination of the intrinsic value of the company with a variety of basic assumptions gained through the process of collecting the data secondary. Based on the results of the calculation of the valuation by Discounted Earnings Approach at the end of 2014 should BBNI stock price of Rp 6.653, while in reality the closing price at the end of 2014 amounted to Rp 6.100, which means that the undervalued share price. Price estimasian of valuation calculations with Discounted Earnings Approach indicates that BBNI share intrinsic value at the end of 2015 should be in the range of Rp. 8.654

scholarly journals FLUKTUASI HARGA IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis L) SEGAR DI PASAR “BERSEHATI” KOTA MANADO PROPINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olvie V. Kotambunan
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Market Price ◽  
High Price ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
Price Fluctuations ◽  
Intensive Investigation

Abstract This study aims to determine the cause of fluctuations in the market price of tuna "Bersehati". The importance of the role of marketing as a key achievement of the goals and targets of fisheries, it is necessary to conduct research related to the field of marketing, as well as by looking at the fluctuations in the price of marketing, this research is more focused on price fluctuations in market held fish "Bersehati" City Manado. Research methods used in this field practice is a case study, namely an intensive investigation of a person or an individual, is also a social unit. Data were analyzed descriptively. Descriptive analysis was to provide an overview and analysis of the information by using the author's own words, in a systematic and easily understood in accordance with the data that has been obtained. Further discussion or interpreted to provide a review of the data. Based on the results of the study and discussion of a number of conclusions as follows : 1) fluctuations in the market price of fish "Bersehati" caused by variations in the number and type of fish on offer ; 2) In terms of supply, price fluctuations occurring in the tuna market "Bersehati" Manado is caused by the influence of fishing season, and the influence of technology ; 3) in terms of demand, price fluctuations caused by the influence of tuna consumer income, prices of other goods influence and shape the market, 4) the high price of fish occur on Tuesdays and Saturdays, and 5) Form of “Bersehati” market is an oligopoly, where retailers play an important role in the determination of the market price of fish. Keywords: tuna, descriptive, prices, fluctuations   Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penyebab terjadinya fluktuasi harga ikan cakalang dipasar bersehati. Pentingnya peranan pemasaran sebagai kunci keberhasilan pencapaian tujuan dan sasaran pembangunan perikanan, maka dirasakan perlu untuk mengadakan penelitian sehubungan dengan bidang pemasaran, serta dengan melihat adanya fluktuasi harga dalam pemasaran, maka penelititan ini lebih difokuskan pada fluktuasi harga ikan yang dilaksanakan di pasar Bersehati Kota Manado. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam praktek kerja lapang ini adalah metode studi kasus, yaitu suatu penyelidikan intensif tentang seseorang atau individu, juga suatu unit sosial. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Analisis deskriptif yaitu analisis dengan memberikan gambaran serta keterangan dengan menggunakan kalimat penulis sendiri, secara sistematis dan mudah dimengerti sesuai dengan data yang telah diperoleh. Selanjutnya diinterpretasi untuk memberikan bahasan atau kajian terhadap data.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan sebagai berikut : 1) Fluktuasi harga ikan di Pasar Bersehati disebabkan oleh adanya variasi jumlah dan jenis ikan yang ditawarkan ; 2) Dari segi penawaran, fluktuasi harga ikan cakalang yang terjadi di Pasar Bersehati Manado disebabkan oleh pengaruh musim penangkapan, dan pengaruh teknologi ; 3) Dari segi permintaan, fluktuasi harga ikan cakalang disebabkan oleh pengaruh pendapatan konsumen, pengaruh harga barang lain, dan bentuk pasar ; 4) Harga ikan tinggi terjadi pada hari selasa dan sabtu ; danan 5) Bentuk pasar bersehati adalah oligopoli, dimana pedagang eceran memegang peranan penting dalam penetuan harga ikan yang dipasarkan. Kata Kunci : ikan cakalang, deskriptif, harga, fluktuatif

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Locally Isolated Jute Fungi and Determination of their Pathogenicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Md Abul Kashem ◽  
Md Towhid Hossain ◽  
MN Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Number Of Factors

Currently Jute farmer faces a number of problems in jute sector such as higher labor cost, fungal diseases, low market price, natural disasters etc. As a result the production of jute is far below than the desired figure. The severe yield lost of jute depends on a number of factors of which fungal diseases play a dominant role. In the present investigation 56 samples of infected jute plants were collected from 8 (Eight) different area of Bangladesh and the samples were investigated by Agar plate and Blotter methods. Symptoms of diseases were recorded and associated fungal pathogens were purified and characterized. Based on cultural and morphological characterizations three fungal pathogens were identified as Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. (Griffon & Maubl.), Colletotrichum corchori (Ikata and Yoshida) and Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid and allthe isolates showed their pathogenicity on jute plants. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 35 Number 1 June 2018, pp 67-73

Agriculture Subsidies: Unravelling the Linkages between the Amber Box and the Blue Box Support

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
James J. Nedumpara ◽  
Sparsha Janardhan ◽  
Aparna Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Specific Support ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Direct Payments ◽  
Legal Understanding ◽  
Domestic Support ◽  
Agreement On Agriculture

Abstract Domestic support disciplines under the Agreement on Agriculture are controversial, to say the least. The aggregate measurement of support (AMS) restricts Members’ policy space to provide product-specific support. The structural flaws in the determination of AMS further compel Members to explore alternatives. In contrast to the Amber Box, the Blue Box offers certain flexibilities for Members to exempt product-specific support from AMS calculation. The Blue Box reflects several elements which are seemingly typical to the Amber Box, except that it has certain production-limiting features. This article explores the legal bounds of the Blue Box measures, and its similarities and dissimilarities with the Amber Box. Towards this end, the article builds on a fresh legal understanding of the Blue Box based on its negotiating history and interpretative bounds, and also offers a fuller appreciation of market price support (MPS) and non-exempt direct payments under the Amber Box. While the calculation methodology for non-exempt direct payments bears a close resemblance to the calculation of MPS, the article argues that direct payment and MPS measures are fundamentally distinct types of product-specific support which makes the interchangeability of Blue and Amber Boxes seemingly difficult.

Determination of Market Price of Select Banking Companies by Using Year Wise Y-X Correlation Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Dr.R.Karpagavalli Dr.R.Karpagavalli ◽  
◽  
Dr.S.Nirmala Dr.S.Nirmala
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Market Price

Determination of Prices of the Tourist Product / Установка цены на туристский продукт

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Dorota Chudy - Hyski ◽  
Valeri Krutikov
Keyword(s):  
Product Information ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Competitive Market ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the paper is determination of prices of the tourist product in a competitive market. The issue of the article covers the question of prices as the most important product information and the most important factor influencing the competitive position of the tourist product. In the sphere of the taken issues, the hospitality product was presented in a special way as a particular example of the offer on the tourist market. The paper presents methods for determination of prices of the tourism product, taking into account issues of the phenomenon of competitive tourist market. Among the methods of determining the market price of a product there were indicated a method based on production costs, demand method, and a method based on the analysis of competitors ‘prices. These were presented on the example of the hospitality product.

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