scholarly journals NUCLEAR DOUBLE BETA DECAY, FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLE PHYSICS, HOT DARK MATTER, AND DARK ENERGY

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANS V. KLAPDOR-KLEINGROTHAUS ◽  
IRINA V. KRIVOSHEINA
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Fundamental Particle

scholarly journals Study of rare nuclear processes with CUORE

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (09) ◽  
pp. 1843002 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alduino ◽  
K. Alfonso ◽  
F. T. Avignone ◽  
O. Azzolini ◽  
G. Bari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Nuclear Processes

TeO2 bolometers have been used for many years to search for neutrinoless double beta decay in [Formula: see text]Te. CUORE, a tonne-scale TeO2 detector array, recently published the most sensitive limit on the half-life, [Formula: see text] yr, which corresponds to an upper bound of 140–400 meV on the effective Majorana mass of the neutrino. While it makes CUORE a world-leading experiment looking for neutrinoless double beta decay, it is not the only study that CUORE will contribute to in the field of nuclear and particle physics. As already done over the years with many small-scale experiments, CUORE will investigate both rare decays (such as the two-neutrino double beta decay of [Formula: see text]Te and the hypothesized electron capture in [Formula: see text]Te), and rare processes (e.g. dark matter and axion interactions). This paper describes some of the achievements of past experiments that used TeO2 bolometers, and perspectives for CUORE.

scholarly journals Dark matter, dark energy and gravity

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550012 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Robson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Gravitational Interaction ◽  
Asymptotic Freedom ◽  
Generation Model ◽  
Newtonian Gravitation ◽  
Color Confinement ◽  
Vector Bosons

Within the framework of the Generation Model (GM) of particle physics, gravity is identified with the very weak, universal and attractive residual color interactions acting between the colorless particles of ordinary matter (electrons, neutrons and protons), which are composite structures. This gravitational interaction is mediated by massless vector bosons (hypergluons), which self-interact so that the interaction has two additional features not present in Newtonian gravitation: (i) asymptotic freedom and (ii) color confinement. These two additional properties of the gravitational interaction negate the need for the notions of both dark matter and dark energy.

scholarly journals CP VIOLATIONS (AND MORE) AFTER THE FIRST TWO YEARS OF LHCB

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (A) ◽  
pp. 528-533
Author(s):  
Giulio Auriemma
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Cp Violations ◽  
The Standard Model

The most interesting cosmological open problems, baryon asymmetry, dark matter, inflation and dark energy, are not explained by the standard model of particle physics (SM). The final<br />goal of the Large Hadron Collider an experimental verification of the SM in the Higgs sector, and also a search for evidence of new physics beyond it. In this paper we will report some of the results obtained in 2010 and 2011, from the LHCb experiment dedicated to the study of CP violations and rare decays of heavy quarks.

scholarly journals Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Giuliani ◽  
Alfredo Poves
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Majorana Neutrino ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Status ◽  
Majorana Neutrino Mass

This paper introduces the neutrinoless double-beta decay (the rarest nuclear weak process) and describes the status of the research for this transition, both from the point of view of theoretical nuclear physics and in terms of the present and future experimental scenarios. Implications of this phenomenon on crucial aspects of particle physics are briefly discussed. The calculations of the nuclear matrix elements in case of mass mechanisms are reviewed, and a range for these quantities is proposed for the most appealing candidates. After introducing general experimental concepts—such as the choice of the best candidates, the different proposed technological approaches, and the sensitivity—we make the point on the experimental situation. Searches running or in preparation are described, providing an organic presentation which picks up similarities and differences. A critical comparison of the adopted technologies and of their physics reach (in terms of sensitivity to the effective Majorana neutrino mass) is performed. As a conclusion, we try to envisage what we expect round the corner and at a longer time scale.

The DAMA project

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (31) ◽  
pp. 1642001 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bernabei
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Low Background ◽  
The Past

The DAMA project at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the I.N.F.N. has realized and developed many low background scintillators for rare event searches, as investigation of Dark Matter, double beta decay, etc. A short introduction to the project and a summary of the past and present activities will be given here.

scholarly journals NEUTRINO-LESS DOUBLE BETA DECAY AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 1833-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
WERNER RODEJOHANN
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Standard Interpretation ◽  
Sterile Neutrinos ◽  
Physics Potential ◽  
Majorana Neutrinos ◽  
Alternative Processes ◽  
Extensive List

We review the particle physics aspects of neutrino-less double beta decay. This process can be mediated by light massive Majorana neutrinos (standard interpretation) or by something else (non-standard interpretations). The physics potential of both interpretations is summarized and the consequences of future measurements or improved limits on the half-life of neutrino-less double beta decay are discussed. We try to cover all proposed alternative realizations of the decay, including light sterile neutrinos, supersymmetric or left-right symmetric theories, Majorons, and other exotic possibilities. Ways to distinguish the mechanisms from one another are discussed. Experimental and nuclear physics aspects are also briefly touched, alternative processes to double beta decay are discussed, and an extensive list of references is provided.

A STRATEGY FOR DISCOVERING HEAVY NEUTRINOS

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (09) ◽  
pp. 1607-1611
Author(s):  
CLEMENS A. HEUSCH ◽  
PETER MINKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Neutrino Mass ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay ◽  
Double Beta Decay ◽  
Mass Problem ◽  
Lepton Flavor ◽  
Majorana Neutrinos ◽  
Unique Capability

Same-sign lepton collisions in the TeV energy range may well have the unique capability to search for clear signals for the exchange of heavy Majorana neutrinos. Lepton-flavor-violating transitions e−e−→W−W− can thus contribute to the understanding of two unsolved riddles in particle physics: the neutrino mass problem and the question of the Dirac or Majorana character of heavy neutrinos. This search is not similarly accessible to such effects as neutrinoless double beta decay. The resulting experimental signatures are hard to miss.

DARK MATTER AND DARK ENERGY - FACT OR FANTASY?

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (31) ◽  
pp. 5333-5333
Author(s):  
PHILIP MANNHEIM
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Einstein Gravity ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Accelerating Universe ◽  
Conformal Invariant ◽  
Invariant Metric ◽  
Conformal Theory

We show that the origin of the dark matter and dark energy problems originates in the assumption of standard Einstein gravity that Newton's constant is fundamental. We discuss an alternate, conformal invariant, metric theory of gravity in which Newton's constant is induced dynamically, with the global induced one which is effective for cosmology being altogether weaker than the local induced one needed for the solar system. We find that in the theory dark matter is no longer needed, and that the accelerating universe data can be fitted without fine-tuning using a cosmological constant as large as particle physics suggests. In the conformal theory then it is not the cosmological constant which is quenched but rather the amount of gravity that it produces.

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