scholarly journals Regular Expressions and Transducers Over Alphabet-Invariant and User-Defined Labels

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavros Konstantinidis ◽  
Nelma Moreira ◽  
Rogério Reis ◽  
Joshua Young
Keyword(s):  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Formal Language ◽  
Regular Languages ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Regular Expressions ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Broad Level ◽  
Labelled Graphs

We are interested in regular expressions and transducers that represent word relations in an alphabet-invariant way — for example, the set of all word pairs [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a prefix of [Formula: see text] independently of what the alphabet is. Current software systems of formal language objects do not have a mechanism to define such objects. We define transducers in which transition labels involve what we call set specifications, some of which are alphabet invariant. In fact, we give a more broad definition of automata-type objects, called labelled graphs, where each transition label can be any string, as long as that string represents a subset of a certain monoid. Then, the behavior of the labelled graph is a subset of that monoid. We do the same for regular expressions. We obtain extensions of a few classic algorithmic constructions on ordinary regular expressions and transducers at the broad level of labelled graphs and in such a way that the computational efficiency of the extended constructions is not sacrificed. For transducers with set specs we obtain further algorithms that can be applied to questions about independent regular languages as well as a decision question about synchronous transducers.

We is Plural

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-238
Author(s):  
Nienke van Andel ◽  
Martin J.M. Hoondert ◽  
Marcel Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Even before they started the editorial board of the new Dutch hymnal was blamed for being too elitist. The fact that they had been selected on the basis of their expertise made them vulnerable for such criticism. Subsequently the position of the editors has been a point of continuous reflection. In this contribution, we will argue that this image of editors as dissociated from users of the hymn book is only one among several available identity repertoires. In order to answer the question which ‘identities-in-relation-to-users’ do the editors construct in the meetings of the board and how do they value these identities?, we will use a broad definition of identity and focus on positions performed in social interaction. The interaction in question concerns seven selected meetings of the editorial board, all of which were audio-taped and transcribed. Looking closely at the identities that were constructed during those meetings, we distinguish six positions, ranging from a great to no distance between editors and users: editors, professionals, experienced, vanguard, pleasers and equals.

Developing a Philosophy of Scientific Advancement in Muhammadiyah Higher Education Institutions Based on Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan (AIK) Principles

Afkaruna ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Internal Reasons ◽  
Scientific Advancement ◽  
Scientific Philosophy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Learning Institutions

This article addresses critical ideas about constructing scientific philosophy within the Muhammadiyah and ‘Aisyiyah Higher Learning Institutions (PTMA) circles through the concept of integrating Al-Islam and Kemuhammadiyahan (Islam and Muhammadiyah Principles), abbreviated as AIK, into the process of developing knowledge and science. Thus, the author provides a broad definition of AIK and distinguishes it into three main aspects. In the next step, the author explains two reasons for developing scientific philosophy in PTMA, including internal reasons in Muhammadiyah and Islam and external ones related to the development of modern science. Consequently, two approaches can be applied to integrate AIK into scientific development through objective and subjective approaches. In definition, the objective approach is a way of dealing with the issues through analyzing and re-building the structure of science it including paradigm (ontology), theories and methods (epistemology), and applications (axiology). In contrast, the subjective approach is the enrichment of the scientist through considering science and religion as complementary instead of contradictory.

“Earth has clear call of daily bells”: Nature’s Apocalyptic Liturgy in Christina Rossetti’s Verses

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 172-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chene Heady Faulstick
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Conversion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Baroque Art ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Religious Understanding

AbstractThis essay reconsiders Charles Ryder’s religious conversion in Brideshead Revisited in terms of a primarily emotional conversion. When reading the novel as a pilgrimage to passion, readers can see in Charles a legitimate, convincing emotional conversion, which should—when emphasizing traditional Catholic ideals—ultimately also be understood as a religious conversion. Charles’s emotional interaction with Catholicism includes his intimate, formative relationship with the Catholic Flyte family, especially Sebastian, and aspects of his career as a Baroque artist, as Baroque art is often identified with Catholicism. It also includes Charles’s disenchantment with both the soullessness of war, which drains its participants of any emotional experience, and the modern world, which lacks connection to depth and tradition. Finally, the emotive power of his inadvertent pilgrimage to Brideshead also connects Charles to Catholicism as the house facilitates Charles’s memories of his religious experience at Lord Marchmain’s deathbed, his artistic conversion to Baroque art, and his passionate friendship with Sebastian. Such a broad definition of Catholicism calls for an expansive understanding of religion, but it is this kind of a religious understanding that Brideshead Revisited recommends.

scholarly journals Participation and the role of Public Space

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gabriel Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Young People ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of

This article examines participatory rights as human rights and considers their importance to the lives of children and young people. It argues that a broad definition of participation needs to be used which takes us from 'round tables' to understanding that young people participate in many different ways. It points out that failure to recognise and respect the many varied ways that children and young people choose to participate results in a breach of their human rights. It shows how our socio-legal system operates to permit and support these breaches of the rights of children and young people, resulting in their alienation from civic society.

scholarly journals Synkretismus jako jazykový jev, lingvistická kategorie a lingvistický termín

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 429-440
Author(s):  
Ladislav Vobořil
Keyword(s):  
Language Play ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
Linguistic Term ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Language Universal

Syncretism as language phenomenon, linguistic term and categoryThe author deals with syncretism as both non-linguistic, and linguistic term, notion, language universal, language phenomenon, resulting and deeply interconnected with the language economy principle. First, a broad definition of the term syncretism is given, then the author focuses on theoretical aspects of syncretic issues, taking into account research works by many world-known linguists, predominantly Russian, Czech and some others. Second, syncretism is compared with other notions and terms, used sometimes to described very similar language phenomena, very close to syncretism, such as neutralisation, homonymy, polyfunctionality, polysemy, contamination, language play. The author comes to the conclusion that very often the same language phenomena are called using various terms, syncretic phenomena are not the exception; in various studies the term and notion of syncretism can be understood in different ways.Синкретизм как языковое явление, лингвистический термин и категорияАвтором статьи рассматриваются нелингвистические и лингвистические аспекты син­кретизма как языкового термина и понятия, языковой универсалии, языкового явления, воз­никающего как следствие действия закона языковой экономии. Дается общепринятое опре­деление термина синкретизма, затем автор фокусируется на теоретическом обосновании явления синкретизма, опираясь на работы выдающихся мировых ученых, главным образом, русских, чешских и др. Во второй части статьи синкретизм сопоставляется с другими явлени­ями иизбранными для их наименования в лингвистике терминами, как, например, нейтрали­зация, омонимия, полифункциональность, полисемия, контаминация, языковая игра. Конста­тируется, что не всегда те же самые явления обозначены с помощью тех же самых терминов, явления синкретизма могут обозначаться, используя разные термины, и сама наполненность термина синкретизм варьируется от автора к автору.

TAXATION OF VAT ON COMPENSATIONS FOR PROVIDED TRANSPORT SERVICES IN PUBLIC TRANSPORT BUSES – GLOSS TO THE JUDGMENT OF THE SUPREME ADMINISTRATIVE COURT OF 7 NOVEMBER 2018, REF. NO. ACT I FSK 1692/16

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXI) ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Łukasz Sowul
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
Similar Nature ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Definition Of

According to the glossed judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of November 7, 2018, file ref. Act I FSK 1692/16 compensation for the provided transport services in public transport buses should not be subject to VAT. The article focuses primarily on whether the Supreme Administrative Court rightly recognized them as subsidies similar to donation and subsidy referred to in the VAT Act. In connection with the above, the gloss presents the meaning of donation and subsidy under Polish and EU law. The final conclusion is that compensations involving a reasonable profit cannot be included in a surcharge of a similar nature to the above-mentioned measures, as they are a form of payment and therefore should be subject to VAT. In the remaining scope, however, the position of the Supreme Administrative Court should be shared, taking into account the broad definition of subsidies/subsidies found in EU law.

Taxes versus Fees: Lead Paint and LLCs

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K. Wright ◽  
Stewart S. Karlinsky
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Simple Majority ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Lead Paint ◽  
Definition Of

This paper discusses the rather blurred distinction between fees and taxes, particularly for states like California where enactment of a tax requires a two-thirds vote while fees can be enacted with a simple majority. We discuss the California Supreme Court decision in Sinclair Paint wherein the Court adopted a broad definition of a fee. Many taxpayers feared that this would open the flood gates for enactment of fee legislation both in California and nationwide. We examine recent legislative and judicial trends in enactment of fee legislation and court interpretations following Sinclair Paint. The data shows that the Legislature is actively pursuing all types of fee legislation as budget dollars do not stretch far enough to cover program expenditures. Courts are continuing the Sinclair Paint trend of broadly defining fees. The result seems to be an ever increasing fee burden on businesses and taxpayers.

ALBIS

2013 ◽  
pp. 188-206
Author(s):  
Lerina Aversano ◽  
Carmine Grasso ◽  
Maria Tortorella
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Software Maintenance ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Support Software

The evaluation of the alignment level existing between a business process and the supporting software systems is a critical concern for an organization, as the higher the alignment level is, the better the process performance is. Monitoring the alignment implies the characterization of all the items it involves and definition of measures for evaluating it. This is a complex task, and the availability of automatic tools for supporting evaluation and evolution activities may be precious. This chapter presents the ALBIS Environment (Aligning Business Processes and Information Systems), designed to support software maintenance tasks. In particular, the proposed environment allows the modeling and tracing between business and software entities and the measurement of their alignment degree. An information retrieval approach is embedded in ALBIS based on two processing phases including syntactic and semantic analysis. The usefulness of the environment is discussed through two case studies.

Social Computing

2018 ◽  
pp. 7796-7804
Author(s):  
Nolan Hemmatazad
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Computing ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Near Future

Broadly speaking, social computing encapsulates the idea of making technologies more aware of, and more in alignment with, the social needs of their users. This allows for the introduction of new modes of communication and collaboration among users, the ability to establish and grow communities of various constitutions, as well as for more dynamic and large scale content creation, dissemination, and evaluation. This chapter serves the ternary purpose of establishing a broad definition of social computing as it stands today and as it is expected to evolve in the near future, providing an overview of the practical applications of social computing, and examining the present and historic research themes that have made an impression on social computing as an area of academic intrigue. The chapter is intended to be accessible to casual readers, practitioners, and academicians alike, with little technical depth and broad focus throughout, for the purpose of establishing an initial acquaintance with the field.

Social Computing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1200-1210
Author(s):  
Nolan Hemmatazad
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Computing ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Broad Definition ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Near Future

Broadly speaking, social computing encapsulates the idea of making technologies more aware of, and more in alignment with, the social needs of their users. This allows for the introduction of new modes of communication and collaboration among users, the ability to establish and grow communities of various constitutions, as well as for more dynamic and large-scale content creation, dissemination, and evaluation. This chapter serves the ternary purpose of establishing a broad definition of social computing as it stands today and as it is expected to evolve in the near future, providing an overview of the practical applications of social computing, and examining the present and historic research themes that have made an impression on social computing as an area of academic intrigue. The chapter is intended to be accessible to casual readers, practitioners, and academicians alike, with little technical depth and broad focus throughout, for the purpose of establishing an initial acquaintance with the field.

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