MEASURING PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY REALIZATION OF BANGLADESH FOOD MANUFACTURING: A RANDOM COEFFICIENT FRONTIER APPROACH

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
RUHUL AMIN SALIM
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Food Manufacturing ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Food Processing Sector ◽  
Stochastic Coefficient ◽  
Frontier Production Function

The aim of this paper is to empirically estimate the firm level productive capacity realization (PCR) by using the stochastic coefficient frontier production function. Empirical estimations have been done using firm level data from Bangladesh food manufacturing covering the inter-temporal periods 1988, 1992 and 1996. The results suggest that there are considerable levels of unrealized production capacity in the food processing sector and very little improvement occurred in realization of productive capacity after the implementation of economic reforms. So, there is enough room for increasing output by realizing substantial unrealized capacity.

Estimation of Elasticities of Substitution for CES and VES Production Functions using Firm-level Data for Food-processing Industries in Pakistan

1988 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Barrese ◽  
Sohail J. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Acre Yield ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Government

This study, based on the time-series data covering the period from 1956 to 1986, estimates production function in the agricultural sector of Pakistan. The strategy for agricultural development in the country has been based on greater utilization of "high pay-off' low-cost technology. The government advanced loans through financial institutions to make it possible for the farmers to acquire this technology. Despite the infusion of seed-fertilizer technology, per acre yield of major crops like wheat, rice, cereal and sugar-cane in Pakistan is lower than in most LDCs in the region. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of present technology has reached a plateau and it is time to look for additional inputs for improvement in productivity.

scholarly journals Export guarantees and firm performance in the context of corporate governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-148
Author(s):  
Kashika Arora ◽  
Areej Aftab Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
World Market ◽  
Insurance Premium ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Frontier Production Function

Micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) the forerunners of the Indian economy equipped with the greatest potential of growth and employment opportunities are the focus of this paper. By examining firm-level data for years 2007-2008 and 2017-2018, this paper captures the simultaneous expenditure on insurance premium and export earnings on the technical efficiency of firms. On applying stochastic frontier production function, results reveal that Indian MSMEs although being labour intensive have high average technical efficiency in the two comparative years. Results also indicate that factors such as firm size, age, ownership, technological imports both embodied and disembodied, expenditure on R&D, and export guarantees contribute to the technical efficiency of MSMEs. The top 25 percent of efficient MSMEs in 2017-2018 rely more on exports, have higher forex earnings with higher expenditure on marketing & advertising, and expenditure on export guarantees. This thus warrants a further improvement in technical efficiency through access to financial services, skilled labour, training of labour, enhancing and attracting foreign investment for operational collaborations, and incentives for easier and risk-free penetration in the world market

scholarly journals Microeconomic Flexibility in India and Pakistan: Employment Adjustment at the Firm Level

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Theresa Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Creative Destruction ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Speed Of Adjustment ◽  
Employment Adjustment ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Firm Level Data

In this paper, we look at the pace at which firms adjust their employment levels as a measure of “microeconomic flexibility.” Flexibility aids in creative destruction processes, where less efficient establishments recede and dynamic firms can rapidly expand. Following the techniques used by Caballero, Engel, and Micco (2004), we use firm-level data from India and Pakistan to estimate the proportion of the gap closed in a year between desired and actual employment. The results for the proportion of the gap closed for India were 0.46 in 2001 and 0.45 in 2000. For Pakistan, we estimated the proportion of the gap closed as 0.2 in 2001 and 0.53 in 2000. The results for 2001 were much lower than expected (and lower than previous estimates for both countries), possibly due to the events of 9/11. Pakistan compared favorably to India in various key sectors, including chemicals, food processing, and garments. Exporters did not seem to have a quicker speed of adjustment.

Implicit Taxes Amid Race to the Bottom in a Global Tax Game

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Igor Semenenko ◽  
Junwook Yoo ◽  
Parporn Akathaporn
Keyword(s):  
Capital Mobility ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Race To The Bottom ◽  
Tax Subsidy ◽  
Tax Subsidies ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Tax Returns ◽  
Tax Hypothesis

Growing tax competition among national governments in the presence of capital mobility distorts equilibrium in the international corporate tax market. This paper is related to the literature that examines impact of international tax policies on corporate accounting statements. Employing international firm-level data, this study revisits the race-to-the-bottom hypothesis and documents that tax exemptions lowering effective tax rates relative to statutory rates increase pre-tax returns. This finding directly contradicts the implicit tax hypothesis documented by Wilkie (1992), who provided empirical evidence on inverse relationship between pre-tax return and tax subsidy. We also find evidences that relative importance of permanent versus timing component depends on the geography and that decline in corporate tax rates reduces impact of tax subsidies on profitability. Our findings suggest that tax subsidies play a different role than in 1968-1985, which was examined by Wilkie (1992). These results are consistent with the race-to-the-bottom hypothesis and income shifting explanation

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