INDUCED QUANTUM NUMBERS IN SOME 2 + 1 DIMENSIONAL MODELS

1989 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
YI-HONG CHEN ◽  
FRANK WILCZEK
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Local Current ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Background Fields ◽  
Fermion Current ◽  
Spin And Statistics

The fermion current induced by slow variations in background scalar and gauge fields are computed for a class of 2 + 1 dimensional σ-like models. Local current densities proportional to topological currents in the background fields are found. The coefficient depends discontinuously on certain field ratios. The induced fermion numbers we find, mesh nicely with recent results on induced angular momentum and induced statistics. In particular, the spin and statistics is intimately related to the global parity anomaly. Lattice realizations are suggested.

INDUCED QUANTUM NUMBERS IN SOME 2 + 1 DIMENSIONAL MODELS

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 493-493
Author(s):  
YI-HONG CHEN ◽  
FRANK WILCZEK
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Local Current ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Background Fields ◽  
Fermion Current ◽  
Spin And Statistics

The fermion current induced by slow variations in background scalar and gauge fields are computed for a class of 2 + 1 dimensional σ-like models. Local current densities proportional to topological currents in the background fields are found. The coefficient depends discontinuously on certain field ratios. The induced fermion numbers we find, mesh nicely with recent results on induced angular momentum and induced statistics. In particular, the spin and statistics is intimately related to the global parity anomaly. Lattice realizations are suggested.

ANOMALOUS NON-CONSERVATION OF FERMION QUANTUM NUMBERS IN COMPLEX BACKGROUND GAUGE FIELDS: (1 + 1)-DIMENSIONAL ABELIAN HIGGS MODEL

1993 ◽  
Vol 08 (15) ◽  
pp. 1451-1459
Author(s):  
V. A. RUBAKOV ◽  
D. V. SEMIKOZ
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Higgs Model ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Abelian Higgs Model ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Complex Background ◽  
Background Fields ◽  
High Energy Scattering ◽  
Topological Number

Zero fermion modes are found explicitly for complex background gauge field configurations on contours in complex time plane relevant to multiparticle high energy scattering processes in (1 + 1)-dimensional Abelian Higgs model. Their number is determined by the topological number in accord with the triangle anomaly. The analog of the fermion level crossing is described. So, the analysis of the non-conservation of fermion quantum numbers is naturally generalized to complex background fields.

ORBITAL ANGULAR MOMENTUM OF GAUGE FIELDS: EXCITATION OF AN ATOM BY TWISTED PHOTONS

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1460048 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREI AFANASEV ◽  
CARL E. CARLSON ◽  
ASMITA MUKHERJEE
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Symmetry Axis ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Final States ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Angular Momentum Projection ◽  
Selection Rules ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Photon States ◽  
Atomic States

Twisted photon states, or photon states with large (> ℏ) angular momentum projection in the direction of motion, can photoexcite atomic final states of differing quantum numbers. If the photon symmetry axis coincides with the center of an atom, there are known selection rules that require exact matching between the quantum numbers of the photon and the photoexcited states. The more general case of arbitrarily positioned beams relaxes the selection rules but produces a distribution of quantum numbers of the final atomic states that is novel and distinct from final states produced by plane-wave photons. Numerical calculations are presented using a hydrogen atom as an example.

scholarly journals Non-diffusive angular momentum transport in rotating -pinches

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rüdiger ◽  
M. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Eddy Viscosity ◽  
Rigid Rotation ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Angular Momentum Transport ◽  
Magnetohydrodynamic Flows ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Background Fields ◽  
Axisymmetric Perturbations

The stability of conducting Taylor–Couette flows under the presence of toroidal magnetic background fields is considered. For strong enough magnetic amplitudes such magnetohydrodynamic flows are unstable against non-axisymmetric perturbations which may also transport angular momentum. In accordance with the often used diffusion approximation, one expects the angular momentum transport to be vanishing for rigid rotation. In the sense of a non-diffusive  $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$ effect, however, even for rigidly rotating $z$ -pinches, an axisymmetric angular momentum flux appears which is directed outward (inward) for large (small) magnetic Mach numbers. The internal rotation in a magnetized rotating tank can thus never be uniform. Those particular rotation laws are used to estimate the value of the instability-induced eddy viscosity for which the non-diffusive $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6EC}$ effect and the diffusive shear-induced transport compensate each other. The results provide the Shakura & Sunyaev viscosity ansatz leading to numerical values linearly growing with the applied magnetic field.

Algebraic expressions for symmetry-adapted functions of the icosahedral group in spinor space

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Dong Fan ◽  
Jin-Quan Chen ◽  
J. P. Draayer
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Projection Operators ◽  
Icosahedral Group ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Algebraic Expressions ◽  
Group I ◽  
Spinor Space ◽  
Symmetry Adapted Functions ◽  
Eigenfunction Method

Algebraic expressions for projection operators and symmetry-adapted functions (SAFs) of the icosahedral group for spinor (double-valued) representations are found by using the double-induced technique and eigenfunction method. The SAFs are functions of the angular momentum j, the quantum numbers \lambda, \nu, \mu of the group chain I \supset D_5 \supset C_5, and the multiplicity label \bar m. By this procedure, SAFs for the group I are provided once for all instead of one j value at a time.

scholarly journals STUDY OF QUANTUM CURRENT ENHANCEMENT, EIGENENERGY SPECTRA AND MAGNETIC MOMENTS IN A MULTIPLY CONNECTED SYSTEM AT EQUILIBRIUM

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 1787-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLIN BENJAMIN ◽  
A. M. JAYANNAVAR
Keyword(s):  
Closed Form ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Magnetic Response ◽  
Quantum Waveguide ◽  
Multiply Connected ◽  
Local Current ◽  
Quantum Current ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Topological Configuration ◽  
Global And Local

A multiply connected system in both its open and closed form variations but in equilibrium is studied using quantum waveguide theory. The system exhibits remarkable features, in its open form variation we see current enhancement, hitherto seen only in non-equilibrium systems in absence of magnetic flux. In its closed form analog parity effects are broken. Further we analyse the global and local current densities of our system and also show that the orbital magnetic response of the system calculated from the current densities (and inherently linked to the topological configuration) is qualitatively not same as that calculated from the eigenenergy spectra.

scholarly journals D Branes from Liouville Strings

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2639-2673 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ellis ◽  
N. E. Mavromatos ◽  
D. V. Nanopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Renormalization Group ◽  
Path Integral Formulation ◽  
World Sheet ◽  
Second Quantization ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Open Strings ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Renormalization Group Approach ◽  
Noncritical Strings ◽  
Background Fields

We develop quantization aspects of our Liouville approach to noncritical strings, proposing a path-integral formulation of a second quantization of string theory, that incorporates naturally the couplings of string sources to background fields. Such couplings are characteristic of macroscopic string solutions and/or D-brane theories. Resummation over world-sheet genera in the presence of stringy (σ-model) soliton backgrounds, and recoil effects associated with logarithmic operators on the world sheet, play a crucial role in inducing such sources as well-defined renormalization-group counterterms. Using our Liouville renormalization group approach, we derive the appropriate second-order equation of motion for the D brane. We discuss within this approach the appearance of open strings, whose ends carry nontrivial Chan–Paton-like quantum numbers related to the W∞ charges of two-dimensional string black holes.

scholarly journals Quantum entanglement of angular momentum states with quantum numbers up to 10,010

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (48) ◽  
pp. 13642-13647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fickler ◽  
Geoff Campbell ◽  
Ben Buchler ◽  
Ping Koy Lam ◽  
Anton Zeilinger
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Angular Resolution ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Mechanical Prediction ◽  
Spiral Phase

Photons with a twisted phase front carry a quantized amount of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and have become important in various fields of optics, such as quantum and classical information science or optical tweezers. Because no upper limit on the OAM content per photon is known, they are also interesting systems to experimentally challenge quantum mechanical prediction for high quantum numbers. Here, we take advantage of a recently developed technique to imprint unprecedented high values of OAM, namely spiral phase mirrors, to generate photons with more than 10,000 quanta of OAM. Moreover, we demonstrate quantum entanglement between these large OAM quanta of one photon and the polarization of its partner photon. To our knowledge, this corresponds to entanglement with the largest quantum number that has been demonstrated in an experiment. The results may also open novel ways to couple single photons to massive objects, enhance angular resolution, and highlight OAM as a promising way to increase the information capacity of a single photon.

scholarly journals Hadronization and confinement in quantum chromodynamics

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Pervushin ◽  
Nguyen Suan Han
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Chromodynamics ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Destructive Interference ◽  
Quantum Numbers ◽  
Covariant Description

We discuss the consistency of the standard ideas of confinement with the recent phenomenological procedure of measurement of colour quantum numbers. We show that the scheme of quantization of gauge fields, most adequate for the covariant description of hadrons, also contains a confinement mechanism as a destructive interference of phase factors of topological degeneration.

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