RESPONSE — REQUIREMENTS SPECIFIC OBJECT MODEL FOR WORKGROUP COMPUTING

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 293-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
IGOR HAWRYSZKIEWYCZ ◽  
DIMITRIS KARAGIANNIS ◽  
LESZEK MACIASZEK ◽  
BERND TEUFEL
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Multimedia Database ◽  
Object Model ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Personal Productivity ◽  
The Way

Assisted by the client-server architectures, power of contemporary workstations, and new multimedia, database and communication techniques, the workgroup computing (perhaps better known as CSCW — Computer-Supported Cooperative Work) is bound to change the way people in organizations collaborate to achieve common goals. New computer technologies change the way the cooperative work is conducted and they frequently lead to new practices that increase inter-personal productivity and business efficiency. This article defines a conceptual and technological framework for a class of workgroup computing applications characterized by an asynchronous distributed interaction (different-time/different-place) during the development of shared artifacts. The proposed object model is called RESPONSE (REquirements SPecific Object Network System Environment). The model is "requirements specific" as it aims specifically at one, albeit dominant, class of workgroup applications. A particular workgroup application, chosen as representative of our model and used in examples, is the co-authoring of documents. The proposed model determines functions and support required from hardware/ software platforms for workgroup computing. The object database component of such a platform is emphasized. A distributed management of versioned objects using four levels of workspaces is proposed. The model supports long transactions with persistent locks, checkout/checkin of versioned and unversioned objects, social and technical protocols to enhance the cooperation between users, etc. The workgroup interface for the RESPONSE model is also addressed.

MacIntyre, Thomism and the Contemporary Common Good

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Osborne
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The Political ◽  
Jacques Maritain ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

AbstractAlasdair MacIntyre’s criticism of contemporary politics rests in large part on the way in which the political communities of advanced modernity do not recognize common goals and practices. I shall argue that although MacIntyre explicitly recognizes the influence of Jacques Maritain on his own thought, MacIntyre’s own views are incompatible not only with Maritain’s attempt to develop a Thomistic theory which is compatible with liberal democracy, but also relies on a view of the individual as a part which is related to the whole in a way that is incompatible with Maritain’s understanding of the spiritual individual or person.

Influence and Emulation in the Constitutional Republic of Letters

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thomas Konig
Keyword(s):  
Great Benefit ◽  
Republic Of Letters ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Constitutional Republic ◽  
The Way

I am glad that the Review has provided a Forum for advancing discussion of the “rapidly evolving field of Second Amendment scholarship,” as Richard Uviller and William Merkel so aptly describe it. The field is evolving so rapidly, in fact, that I had no chance to consult their excellent book on the subject when writing this article. Having now had the luxury—and great benefit—of reading it in preparing my reply to their comments, I can only cheer them on for the way that book and their remarks in the Forum advance the common goals we seek: to replace an ahistorical quotation-hunting with a meticulous examination of “the collateral expressions of the founders and their contemporaries to find the most likely purposes and assumptions underlying the text” of the Second Amendment.

Colonial Modernity and Methodological Nationalism: The Structuring of Sociological Traditions of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Patel
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Characteristic Mode ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
Colonial Modernity ◽  
Methodological Nationalism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
The Way

This article traces traditions of sociological thinking in India and suggests that in order to write the disciplines’ history, it is important to identify the episteme that governs these traditions. It suggests that there are two broad epistemes that have defined sociology as a discipline in India—colonial modernity and methodological nationalism—and it argues that they organise theories, perspectives, methodologies and methods, teaching and research practices of the discipline. The history of the imprint of these epistemes is investigated at four levels: first, in the way one or both defined the discipline’s identity and, thus, organised its characteristic mode of thinking methodologically; second, in the way this identity defined its theoretical direction and the theories that it borrowed, adapted to and reframed; third, in the way the first two organised its professional orientation and made it choose its identity as an academic discipline whose main role is restricted to teaching and research within academic institutions at an expense of a public orientation; and fourth, the way the aforementioned three defined its geographical compass, limiting its queries to national concerns wherein the macro became reduced to the micro abjuring discussions on global debates. This article suggests that today there is a crisis in the received epistemes, and in this context, it becomes imperative to take command to define a new episteme which intersects the local, regional, national and global concerns, is theoretical and methodologically eclectic and is comparative in nature.

scholarly journals The Epistemic Value of Affective Disruptability

Topoi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imke von Maur
Keyword(s):  
Epistemic Value ◽  
Even Start ◽  
Culturally Specific ◽  
Object Theory ◽  
Affective Intentionality ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
The Way

AbstractIn order to explore how emotions contribute positively or negatively to understanding the meaning of complex socio-culturally specific phenomena, I argue that we must take into account the habitual dimension of emotions – i.e., the emotion repertoire that a feeling person acquires in the course of their affective biography. This brings to light a certain form of alignment in relation to affective intentionality that is key to comprehending why humans understand situations in the way they do and why it so often is especially hard to understand things differently. A crucial epistemic problem is that subjects often do not even enter a process of understanding, i.e., they do not even start to consider a specific object, theory, circumstance, other being, etc. in different ways than the familiar one. The epistemic problem at issue thus lies in an unquestioned faith in things being right the way they are taken to be. By acknowledging the habitual dimension of affective intentionality, I analyze reasons for this inability and suggest that being affectively disruptable and cultivating a pluralistic emotion repertoire are crucial abilities to overcome this epistemic problem.

scholarly journals Organisational Prototyping: Adopting CSCW Applications in Organisations

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (523) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Bardram
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Support ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Engineering Company ◽  
Adoption Of New Technology ◽  
The Way

The usefulness of applications which support cooperative work depends in its very nature on the way the cooperative work practice is organised. At the same time, the adoption of new technology is difficult and complex because of the amount of people involved and their distribution in time and space. This paper explores the possibilities of addressing this adoption process in a more simplified, yet systematic way without losing the focus on the interdependencies which characterise cooperative work. The notion of adoption is discussed as a dual process of adapting both the computer support to the work and adapting the work to the computer. A method called organisational prototyping is presented which aims at facilitating this adoption process. A case illustrates how organisa- tional prototyping was used in the adoption of a cooperative tool for managing projects within a large engineering company in Denmark.

The Notion of Synthesis in Harmonic Science (and Beyond)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-173
Author(s):  
Eleonora Rocconi
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Specific Object ◽  
Rigorous Method ◽  
The Way

Abstract In ancient Greece, harmonics fully acquires the dignity of ‘science’ thanks to Aristoxenus of Tarentum, who first gives an account of a rigorous method of analysis of the structures underlying melodies. One of the most interesting concepts discussed in his extant writings is the notion of synthesis, which he uses to describe any orderly combination of elements (whether they are sounds, intervals or letters) into a sequence. This principle, which according to him governs the way of combining items in patterns, is described as a ‘natural’ principle (i.e. inherent in melos or lexis) and lies at the very bottom of his idea of ‘attuned melody’ (melos hērmosmenon), the specific object under investigation in his harmonics. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the pivotal significance of this notion within Aristoxenus’ thought and to identify its reception in later authors, not only within harmonics but also within the realm of rhetoric.

City Marketing Goes Mobile

2011 ◽  
pp. 86-107
Author(s):  
Juliane Chudalla ◽  
Key Pousttchi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
City Marketing ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Way

Mobile services have great potentials in different fields, so it is interesting to have a closer look of them, and about the way they can be used sensiblebly in the present; in the future for city marketing too. This chapter provides basic knowledge on mobile services, the presentation of restrictions, and opportunities of mobile devices, applications, and communication techniques, to help to understand what advantages mobile services have and for what they could be used for. The desriptions of present and possible mobile services and the three case studies inform the readers of the design of such services and help practitioners to design and implement their own successful mobile services for city marketing purposes.

Revolution and the Collective Action of the French, American, and English Legal Professions

1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 225-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Burrage
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Modem World ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Legal Professions ◽  
And Training ◽  
The Way

The French, American, and English legal professions are compared in terms of four common goals: to control admission and training, to protect their jurisdiction, to regulate the behavior of their members, and to enhance their cooperative status. The varying ways in which revolutionary attacks affected their capacity to realize these goals is traced. It is argued that these attacks, and the way lawyers in these societies recovered from them, largely explain the differences between the three professions in the modem world.

scholarly journals L’enseignement de techniques d’expression et de communication (TEC) à l’université : Décalage entre formation et besoins langagiers des étudiants biologistes

FRANCISOLA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Souad BENABBES
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Language Of Instruction ◽  
The Real ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Language Needs ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Scientific Fields ◽  
The Way

RÉSUMÉ. L'article présente les résultats issus d’une enquête par questionnaire menée en Algérie auprès d’étudiants biologistes, pour qui le français est la langue d'enseignement dès leur accès à l’université. Ce nouveau mode d’apprentissage constitue une source de difficultés pour ces étudiants, se traduisant par leur mauvaise assimilation des savoirs transmis et engendrant des difficultés et des imperfections linguistiques importantes. 68 étudiants interrogés s’expriment sur les difficultés qu’ils rencontrent en cours de spécialité, y compris la manière dont ils évaluent contenus du module du TEC (Techniques d’Expression et de Communication) nouvellement introduit dans les filières scientifiques et techniques. Cet article propose pour ce faire une analyse sociodidactique des besoins langagiers des étudiants biologistes qui se focalise sur les enjeux sociolinguistiques et didactiques pour l’élaboration des programmes. Il ressort de l’analyse des résultats que les contenus dispensés en TEC ne répondent pas aux besoins réels et aux attentes des étudiants.Mots-clés : besoins langagiers, étudiants, filières scientifiques, analyse sociodidactique.ABSTRACT. The article presents some results from a questionnaire survey conducted in Algeria among biology students, for whom French is the language of instruction as soon as they enter university. This new mode of teaching / learning is a source of difficulties for these students, resulting in their poor assimilation of knowledge transmitted and causing significant linguistic dysfunctions. 68 students interviewed expressed their difficulties in the specialty course, including the way in which they evaluate the contents of the newly introduced TEC (Expression and Communication Techniques) module in the scientific and technical fields. The analysis of the results shows that the content provided in TEC does not meet the real needs and expectations of students.Keywords: language needs, students, scientific fields, sociodidactic analysis.

scholarly journals Two analyses of CSCW and groupware

1990 ◽  
Vol 19 (323) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Grudin
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Cooperative Work ◽  
Computer Supported Cooperative Work ◽  
Software Products ◽  
A Site ◽  
Application Developers ◽  
The Way

This report consists of two papers on the topics of computer supported cooperative work and groupware. The first examines the emergence of CSCW in the mid-1980s, finding that its timing and composition reflect changes within one context of systems development, product development. Many of the issues -- and some of the participants -- have a history in internal systems development; some confusion of identity in the field may be traced to the merging of these development paradigms. The second paper examines eight challenges in designing and evaluating groupware or CSCW applications, challenges that are new for product or application developers. One that is particularly problematic, due to the way software products are marketed, is the need to address a range of organizational factors on a site-by-site basis to obtain acceptance of systems developed to support groups.

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