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Author(s):  
Douver dos Santos Cruz

This article addresses the current and rapid transformations that have occurred with the imposition of new "urban consensus" and also the new rules that replaced "modern planning" - strongly characterized by State actions and domination, by strategic or "competitive planning between cities ” which is intended to be flexible, but highly permissible. Therefore, we detect the phenomenon of the glamor of the market economy and the emergence of the unique thinking of cities defined as a kind of common conceptual matrix at the origin of new urban strategies that multiply throughout the world, globalizing and homogenizing cities considering culture as the identity anchor of the new urbanism of the spectacle at the expense of social well-being. Idealizing the new aesthetics of architectures in this new urban scenario grafted on artificialities, we toured cities impacted by calendars of major events, such as the city of Munich, due to the 2006 World Cup, and the city of Rio de Janeiro due to the World Cup in 2014 and the Olympic Games in 2016 successively, to elucidate the purposes of new ventures that excel in intense communication and promotion with a view to building an adequate image for the city through the image making policy or the city marketing strategy launching the city into the world, or rather, selling the city.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otília Beatriz Fiori Arantes

Este volumen contiene una comunicación y dos ensayos de Otilia Arantes, publicados en México y Argentina, respectivamente, sobre conceptos y estrategias de intervención en las ciudades con miras a 'regenerarlas' como 'lugares' debidamente 'animados' por la reactivación de sus centros históricos y valor simbólico, es decir, debido a su "sesgo cultural". Un programa de 'regreso a la ciudad' después de los Modernos que pretendía restaurar a sus poblaciones a una vida pública obstaculizada por los planes regulatorios de la ciudad funcional. El tema central de la ponencia presentada en 1995, en un Coloquio de Arte y Espacio de la UNAM, la Autora cuestiona hasta qué punto tales intervenciones, que pretenden ser conservacionistas y modestas, apuntando a la restauración de lugares llenos de significados colectivos, acaban convirtiéndose en lo que parece su exacto contrario: la causa sorprendente de un urbanismo anárquico de apología de la ciudad caótica, plural, fragmentada, soft etc. donde los conflictos serían escamoteados por una especie de estetización de lo heterogéneo, recubierto por la transformación en escenarios comandados por la lógica de la fascinación. O sea que, el lugar, inviable por las propias condiciones objetivas, materiales, fue convirtiéndose, de a poco, en su opuesto, el no-lugar de los espacios virtuales de una vida pública definitivamente transformada en un repertorio de representaciones simbólicas. El énfasis ya no es predominantemente técnico, como en el período anterior, para recurrir al vasto dominio de paspartú de lo "cultural". Cuando las ciudades empezaron a verse como un repertorio de símbolos, todo se convirtió en cultura. Este es el eje de los dos ensayos que siguen (publicados en 2000 en dos revistas argentinas, Punto de Vista y Block): en un mundo, al mismo tiempo dominado por el mercado, la cultura y el dinero terminan uniéndose: la centralidad de la cultura en el capitalismo avanzado, como enfatiza Fredric Jameson, y, al mismo tiempo, una superposición paradójica entre dos instancias que, en principio, deberían ser antagónicas. Simultáneamente, el proceso inducido de 'gentrificación' adquiere la forma más flexible de algo que se aproxima a lo que los viejos 'propagandistas' de la identidad - referidos en esa comunicación - llegan a defender como atributos fluctuantes, derogaciones, deconstrucciones, derivas. En esta fase (especialmente en la década de los 90), se produce un retorno reactivo a la planificación, pero luego, designada como estratégica, donde la 'racionalidad' pasa a ser principalmente la de la economía, apuntando a la inserción de las ciudades en el circuito global de las grandes empresas, lo que agravará aún más la expansión cultural, que ha prevalecido desde que los gobiernos y los inversores comenzaron a abrir una nueva frontera de acumulación de poder y dinero: el negocio de las imágenes. Palabras clave: Arquitectura del lugar, Atopia, Barcelona, Berlin, Christopher Lash, City-Marketing, Ciudad-empresa, Ciudades ocasionales, Cultura de imágenes, David Harvey, Desconstrucción, Espacio público, Expo 98, Frank Gehry, Fredric Jameson, Fundación Guggenheim, Gentrificación, Jordi Borja, Manuel Castells, Marc Augé, Megaeventos, Memoria, No-lugares, Olimpíadas, Patrimonio, Peter Hall, Planeamiento estratégico, Potsdamer Platz, Recalificación, Richard Sennet, Sharon Zukin, Venturi, Virilio.


Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 103269
Author(s):  
Wenting Ma ◽  
Martin de Jong ◽  
Thomas Hoppe ◽  
Mark de Bruijne

Author(s):  
Carlos Fernando Osorio-Andrade ◽  
Claudia Patricia Murcia-Zorrilla ◽  
Edwin Arango-Espinal

City marketing (CM) refers to the practice of promoting and selling cities, towns or regions to a specific target market. In recent years, the academic, political, and managerial interest in CM has grown steadily, becoming one of the fastest growing fields within the marketing and study of tourism. From this perspective, the aim of this research is to analyze the body of literature developed around CM, in order to construct indicators for scientific production. Specifically, the study made use of the bibliometrics and the database Web of Science, utilizing the terms city marketing and city branding as search terms in a non-exclusive manner. It also identifies the evolution of the scientific production, the main academic journals, the most prolific and highly cited authors, the areas of knowledge involved in the CM field, and the concepts or topics that have been most intensively studied. The results suggest that CM studies have increased since 2015, as the scientific journals that publish most research in the field have improved their Scimago Journal and Country Rank (SJR) classification; in addition, it was possible to establish that most of these articles belong to English-speaking and European countries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2094
Author(s):  
Theodore Metaxas ◽  
Laura Juarez ◽  
Gaby Gavriilidis

Madrid Nuevo Norte (Madrid New North) is an urban redevelopment program applied in the city of Madrid in Spain. Regarding this, the aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, the project examines if the Nuevo Norte project is aligned with the principles of sustainability. Secondly, the paper investigates the impact of Nuevo Norte on the application of city marketing strategies in Madrid. For those purposes, questionnaires were distributed through the Internet to 122 urban developers and planners located in the Spanish capital. The results indicated that overall, Nuevo Norte contributes to the sustainable development of Madrid; however, concerns were identified regarding the budget and the timeline of the project. In addition, Madrid Nuevo Norte provides significant opportunities to local authorities to implement sustainable city marketing strategies, aiming to improve the competitiveness and the quality of life in the city of Madrid. To this end, it seems that city marketing, through the construction of mega projects, should contribute to sustainability, ensuring a better life for local residents and communities in general. The research is expected to assist local authorities in Spain to harness the potential of mega projects such as Nuevo Norte in designing city marketing strategies and to promote Madrid in an international context as a city that gives emphasis in urban sustainability.


Author(s):  
Yun-Che Hsieh ◽  
Kuo-Wei Lin ◽  
Xiao-Qing Wu

The purpose of this study is to explore the benefits of sports tourism on city marketing. In recent years, Taiwan has been actively striving for the marketing of large-scale sports events in the development of international sports. The host city uses the resources invested before the holding of the sports event to develop sports tourism attractions, develop sports tourism policies, and make good use of marketing and promotion strategies to shape the city’s image; and uses media marketing as a tourism promotion tool to expand Taiwan’s sports tourism facets which would bring huge tourism effects. This study organizes the research of past scholars by way of literature discussion, and then collects, organizes and analyzes the data. It is concluded that Taiwan has opened up its international reputation through international large-scale sports events and city marketing. From the experience of hosting international large-scale events, Taiwan not only attracts countless domestic and foreign tourists, but also promotes its city’s culture, tourism, and economy. The vigorous development of related industries, the enhancement of sports tourism quality and the improvement of sports tourism image in Taiwan are also achieved. Finally, international large-scale events revitalize the city to bring business opportunities and make such events the pride of the city. Therefore, this study serves as a reference for future exploration of sports tourism development and city marketing issues, integrating relevant resources, and providing reference for relevant organizations to jointly build Taiwan as a sports tourism island. JEL: L10; L80; L83 <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0791/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Ares Kalandides ◽  
Boris Grésillon

City marketing has a strong tradition in Berlin, with two organizations, Berlin Partner and Visit Berlin, responsible for designing and implementing relevant strategies. Sustainability has been on and off the city marketing agenda, almost exclusively in its environmental dimension. In this article, we examine the current representations of Berlin as a “sustainable city” in the official city marketing strategies. We look at how sustainability is used and instrumentalized to create a specific city profile and also to attract particular target groups in tourism. We propose an analysis of sustainable planning in Berlin since reunification to show how it has moved into different directions over time and how this has (or has not) been followed by city marketing. In this endeavor, we move between the existing, and as we argue deeper and more sophisticated, environmental planning of the city on one hand, and the reductions and simplifications of city marketing representations on the other. Finally, we argue that there are inherent contradictions in marketing a sustainable city, where both in terms of tourism and economic development, the concept of growth seems to be reaching environmental limits.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1652
Author(s):  
Nicholas Karachalis

For many cities, abandoned or underused spaces pose a major challenge, but temporary use is being manifested as a tool that can offer solutions. So-called “meanwhile spaces” provide opportunities for city officials to create the conditions for the cultural economy to be supported while simultaneously meeting urban regeneration goals and supporting city marketing purposes. In European cities, such as Berlin, Ghent, Nantes, and Bremen, there are examples where “temporary urbanism” is being incorporated into mainstream policy and is forming part of the city’s identity and tourism promotion. Temporary use is discussed in the context of current challenges facing European cities (austerity crisis, unemployment, refugee crisis, lack of affordable housing or office space). In this paper, the focus is on the creative sector. More recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has sparked discussion on how temporary use can cover a community’s needs. In this contextual framework, the scope was to explore the conditions under which temporary use becomes an effective policy tool and discuss management issues and difficulties that may arise. A description and analysis of the particularities of initiatives that were implemented in Athens compared to the ones in other European cities are presented. This paper is partly based on the works of the Athens URBACT Refill project, which included an extended consultation process with local stakeholders. Further field research was conducted regarding how temporary use initiatives with a cultural focus have been managed and the way the relations between owners, managers, and users were formed. Feedback from users and stakeholders’ representatives is presented. The key findings refer to the evaluation of the approaches used in temporary use initiatives with a cultural focus, the future perspectives, and the difficulty with drawing early conclusions on the effectiveness of these initiatives and the impact on the reputation of the city. Finally, the discussion is linked with promoting Athens as a city that allows experimentation by citizens’ groups and cultural initiatives in the context of temporary interventions.


Author(s):  
Theodore Metaxas ◽  
Laura Juarez ◽  
Gaby Gavriilidis

Madrid Nuevo Norte (Madrid New North) is an urban redevelopment program applied in the city of Madrid in Spain. In relevance with this, the aim of this paper is twofold: firstly, the project examines if Nuevo Norte project is aligned with the principles of sustainability. Secondly, the paper investigates the impact of Nuevo Norte on the application of city marketing strategies in Madrid. For that purposes, questionnaires were distributed through Internet in 122 urban developers and planners located in the Spanish capital. The results indicated that overall, Nuevo Norte contributes in the sustainable development of Madrid; however, concerns were identified regarding the budget and the timeline of the project. In addition, NNMP provides significant opportunities to local authorities to implement sustainable city marketing strategies, aiming to improve the competitiveness and the quality of life in the city of Madrid. To this end, it seems that city marketing, through the construction of Mega projects, should sift to sustainability, ensuring a better life for local residents and communities in general. The research is expected to assist local authorities in Spain to harness the potential of mega projects, such as Nuevo Norte, in designing city marketing strategies and to promote Madrid in an international context as a city that gives emphasis in urban sustainability.


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