Framed 4-valent graph minor theory I: Introduction. A planarity criterion and linkless embeddability

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1460002
Author(s):  
Vassily Olegovich Manturov
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Graph Minor ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Simple Class ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
General Graphs ◽  
Planarity Criterion

This paper is the first one in the sequence of papers about a simple class of framed 4-graphs; the goal of this paper is to collect some well-known results on planarity and to reformulate them in the language of minors. The goal of the whole sequence is to prove analogs of the Robertson–Seymour–Thomas theorems for framed 4-graphs: namely, we shall prove that many minor-closed properties are classified by finitely many excluded graphs. From many points of view, framed 4-graphs are easier to consider than general graphs; on the other hand, framed 4-graphs are closely related to many problems in graph theory.

scholarly journals To Publish, Make Known and Sell or Promoting Printed Books in the Incunabula Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-356
Author(s):  
Lucia Lichnerová
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
The Other ◽  
Book Production ◽  
Book Market ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One

The study To Publish, Make Known and Sell is based on verified existence of competition tensions between the 15th century typographers/publishers, related to the absence of functional regulatory tools of book production of the incunabula period. The increase in the number of book-printers within the relatively narrow geographical area, disregard of publishers’ privileges, the emergence of pirated reprints, as well as insufficient self-promotion on the book market through introducing novelties had concentrated typographers’ attention on devising new tools of securing their triumph in publisher’s competition – the so called book advertisements. The author has analysed 44 promotional posters of the incunabula period from several points of view and attempted to identify their design elements, which on the one hand showed signs of certain standardization, while on the other hand they were subject to personal creativity of their creator. She gives detailed overview of the circumstances of the origin, typographic design and contents of book advertisements of several kinds within the context of promoting either the existing or planned editions, of one edition or a group of books; specifically focusing on the unique types of advertising. In conclusion, the author cites the circumstances of the extinction of book advertisements related to the rise of the new promotional tool – booksellers’ catalogue and submits a bibliography of the book advertisements dating from the 15th century.

scholarly journals Support of Road Freight Transport Especially in North-East Part of Schengen Borders

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Romana Hricová
Keyword(s):  
Freight Transport ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
North East ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Road Freight ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Right

Green logistics is very attractive and request the point of view. Many companies try to be “green”, but on the other hand they also must be quick, be in right time in the right place and everything with as low costs as possible. So because of it, they use more road freight transport. Nowadays road freight transport is much expanded as transport companies prefer the possibility to operate just-in-time.  There are several advantages that give road freight transport the first place. Firstly, the truck can be prepared whenever, no matter what time is chosen.  Secondly, the flexibility and no more borders with customs control inside the Schengen Area make freight transport quicker. On the other hand, innovative approaches ask for environmental protection, which becomes one of the most important points of view.  If countries support this environmental friendly transport, this would be reflected in the transport prices which should make rail transport more interesting. Using the methodology in the manuscript was divided to three steps. The first step is to identify relevant questions related to border crossing. Next step is to elaborate a list of border problems, and the last step is an analysis of available data.  

scholarly journals ON THOMAS BERNHARD’S NARRATIVE THINKING: «ETERNAL RETURN» AND A POLYPHONIC WRITING

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-54
Author(s):  
V.V. Kotelevskaya
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
Eternal Return ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Traumatic Memories ◽  
Narrative Thinking ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thomas Bernhard ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One

The article explores the typological principles and genesis of narrative thinking of Thomas Bernhard (1931-1989). It reveals the paradoxical nature of his writing, which combines, on the one hand, archetypal structures, implied ‘genre memory’, and on the other hand, a unique, innovative style. Bernhard’s constructive principle is repetition, which allows the embodiment of the idea of «eternal return» (Eliade) throughout the poetical structure, whether it is a sacred event of a myth or an «obsessive repetition» (Freud) of the traumatic memories of the protagonist or the narrator. The fragmented world is under constant reorganizing with the help of Bernhard’s polyphonic writing, which finds itself mostly in the imitation of the non-figurative, purely expressive, self-referential «art of fugue» (Bach), oriented to the cyclic, rather than linear-historical concept of time. In contrast to the literary interpretation of the «polyphonic novel» (Bakhtin) with its coexistence of multiple points of view, our attention is shifted to the musicological interpretation of the fugue’s polyphony as the embodied idea of the continuity of time, the closeness and infinity of the divine universe.

Recreational Mathematics

1950 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
Aaron Bakst
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teacher ◽  
Classroom Teacher ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mathematical Instruction ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Mathematical Operations ◽  
Interest And Motivation ◽  
Mathematical Literature

This is the beginning of a new department in The Mathematics Teacher. This department has a purpose. Its aim is to assist the classroom teacher in putting color and life in everyday teaching. There are many ways and means how this might be achieved. Generally, recreations are supposed to introduce elements of interest and motivation. On the other hand, recreations, as they have been known in the mathematical literature for centuries, have been centered around the puzzling and the play with mathematical operations. This may be interesting, but only for a while. Soon the interest in such things may wear off. This acts as a warning that we should not become too enthusiastic over such types of recreations. If we teach mathematics from such recreational points of view only, we may obscure the more important aims of the mathematical instruction.

scholarly journals Un modello basato sulla teoria dei grafi per l’individuazione di isomorfismi distrettuali geograficamente non prossimi. Il caso dei distretti industriali italiani

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-50
Author(s):  
Stefano De Falco
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Industrial Districts ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

A dichotomy often frequent in the context of geographic studies concerns the dualism between propagation and induction models-based phenomena, inherent in variables and factors characterizing contiguous areas, and research relating to homogeneity between geographically not closed areas. In the wake of the latter research, this contribution proposes a model that exploits the potential of graph theory for the evaluation of common dynamics relating to non-contiguous areas. The assumption underlying the model envisages configuring the reality being studied in terms of a network whose nodes and branches are respectively representative of entities distant from each other and of their related affinities. The proposed approach focuses on some Italian industrial districts. The value of the proposed approach is twofold, on the one hand regarding the specific industrial district topic with both scientific and practical implications, and on the other hand it aims to provide a method that can be replicated in similar scenarios in which it is interesting to evaluate the similarity between neighboring areas analytically.

scholarly journals Figury grozy w literackiej i malarskiej twórczości Zdzisława Beksińskiego

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-170
Author(s):  
Bogna Kubińska
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Original Phenomenon

The author of this article focuses on the category of dread which is characteristic of Beksiński’s works. It is an original phenomenon because of the tools that create it and its influence on the poetics of the artistic text. The most important areas of the artist’s literary works and paintings in which he operated with dread, were space, characters and colors. Due to the similarity of means of expression shaping dread in stories and paintings, one can speak of transmedia figures of dread in Beksiński’s work, i.e. metaphor, exaggeration, oxymoron, repetition, animation, play with the perspective and points of view. These figures coexist with each other, interact with each other in the process of creating a unique world of dread, characteristic only to Beksiński. On the other hand, dread itself affects the tools that make it up and transforms the effect of their operation. The author of the article calls such a phenomenon ‘acquainted dread’ – the action of the figures used, initially causing dread, is reversed and means that the presented elements – despite the clear features causing fear – cease to be its source for the recipient.

scholarly journals ¿Narcoinfierno O Narcolandia? Una Epistemología Intempestiva Sobre El Relato Oficial De La Violencia En México

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
María L. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Legal Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Presentation Style ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Illicit Activity

The approach to narcotraffic violence is open to endless explanations, depending on the viewer's perspective. This article introduces a set of ecological metaphors, whose main advantage is to catch sight of the complexities inherent in the link between the narco-world and the legal culture. In clear opposition to the official story and media about this illicit activity, this paper presents arguments that call into question the presentation style that is common in political discourse and massive journalism. By appealing to notions like "narco-habitat", "relational ecosystem", and "narcoecology", the possibility of understanding the phenomenon of drug trafficking without adopting a position will be explored. On the other hand, it is intended to show that the typical way of conceptualizing this phenomenon (narco-violence) suffers from epistemological biases that close creative interpretations and refreshed meanings. For that reason, the kind of linear, individual, essentialist, condemnatory and criminalist points of view (instituted and naturalized in Mexican public opinion) will berejected.

scholarly journals Teodor Llorente, cinquanta anys després: una polèmica entre Joan Fuster i Josep M. Bayarri

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
J. Àngel Cano Mateu
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One

Resum: Aquest article analitza la polèmica generada en la premsa valenciana l’any 1961 entre Joan Fuster i Josep M. Bayarri, arran del cinquantenari de la mort de Teodor Llorente. Mentre que Fuster reclama un debat intel·lectual al voltant del líder de la Renaixença valenciana i, de retop, dels referents propis, Bayarri en té prou amb commemoracions i celebracions, com misses, lectures de poemes o articles de diari. Aquest enfrontament dialèctic amaga dues maneres totalment oposades d’entendre el valencianisme de postguerra: d’una banda, un valencianisme que proposa l’autocrítica i la reflexió; d’una altra, un valencianisme o «regionalisme» irracional, de caire sentimentalista i antiintel·lectual. L’article analitza, doncs, el posicionament i l’abast de la defensa de Llorente per part d’aquests dos autors.Paraules clau: Teodor Llorente, Joan Fuster, Josep M. Bayarri, valencianisme, postguerra..Abstract: This paper analyses the controversy that Joan Fuster and Josep M. Bayarri create on the Valencian press in 1961, as a result of the fifty years after Teodor Llorente’s death. Whereas Fuster demands an intellectual discussion about the leader of the Renaixença in Valencia and the Valencian writers, Bayarri settles for commemorations and celebrations, masses, poetry readings or journal articles about him. This dialectic confrontation conceals two totally opposed ways of understanding the Valencianism of the postwar period. On the one hand, there is a Valencianism that proposes a self-criticism and a reflection; on the other hand, we find a Valencianism or an irrational «regionalism» that is sentimentalist and anti-intellectual. Therefore, this essay analyses the points of view about Llorente made by these two authors.Keywords: Teodor Llorente, Joan Fuster, Josep M. Bayarri, Valencianism, postwar period.

scholarly journals Fictionalism and the problem of universals in the philosophy of mathematics

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-428
Author(s):  
Strahinja Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Mathematics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Ontological Status ◽  
Hartry Field ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Relationship

Many long-standing problems pertaining to contemporary philosophy of mathematics can be traced back to different approaches in determining the nature of mathematical entities which have been dominated by the debate between realists and nominalists. Through this discussion conceptualism is represented as a middle solution. However, it seems that until the 20th century there was no third position that would not necessitate any reliance on one of the two points of view. Fictionalism, on the other hand, observes mathematical entities in a radically different way. This is reflected in the claim that the concepts being used in mathematics are nothing but a product of human fiction. This paper discusses the relationship between fictionalism and two traditional viewpoints within the discussion which attempts to successfully determine the ontological status of universals. One of the main points, demonstrated with concrete examples, is that fictionalism cannot be classified as a nominalist position (despite contrary claims of authors such as Hartry Field). Since fictionalism is observed as an independent viewpoint, it is necessary to examine its range as well as the sustainability of the implications of opinions stated by their advocates.

scholarly journals Kilka uwag o kontrastywnej analizie stylu

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Izabela Prokop
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One ◽  
Working Out

A few remarks on the contrastive analysis of styleThe phenomenon of style, analysed from different points of view, has been presented in this article. On the one hand, connections between stylistics and pragmalinguistics with the psychological profile of the sender have been indicated. Janusz Reykowski’s distinction of the five levels of centralisation, included in his publications, has turned out to be most useful in the pragmalinguistic analysis while describing the locutionary act, including the stylistic phenomena. On the other hand, though, a question about thepossibility and limits of the reflection of style in translation has been asked, using the text example in a German-Polish pair, and working out the criteria of evaluation. In the conclusion of the article the author is postulating the formation of a German-Polish contrastive stylistics.

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