scholarly journals ¿Narcoinfierno O Narcolandia? Una Epistemología Intempestiva Sobre El Relato Oficial De La Violencia En México

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
María L. Christiansen

The approach to narcotraffic violence is open to endless explanations, depending on the viewer's perspective. This article introduces a set of ecological metaphors, whose main advantage is to catch sight of the complexities inherent in the link between the narco-world and the legal culture. In clear opposition to the official story and media about this illicit activity, this paper presents arguments that call into question the presentation style that is common in political discourse and massive journalism. By appealing to notions like "narco-habitat", "relational ecosystem", and "narcoecology", the possibility of understanding the phenomenon of drug trafficking without adopting a position will be explored. On the other hand, it is intended to show that the typical way of conceptualizing this phenomenon (narco-violence) suffers from epistemological biases that close creative interpretations and refreshed meanings. For that reason, the kind of linear, individual, essentialist, condemnatory and criminalist points of view (instituted and naturalized in Mexican public opinion) will berejected.

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01163
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vedernikova ◽  
Natalia Shchurik ◽  
Evgenia Kunitsyna

The problem of translation used for geopolitical agenda, translation as a means of mind manipulation has long been of substantial interest to translation scholars. This article focuses on conscious and unconscious types of manipulation in translation and aims to show their manifestation in political discourse. On the one hand, nominalizations, euphemisms, politically correct vocabulary and metaphors make a translator or an interpreter choose between multiple interpretations. It brings him/her to unconscious choice. On the other hand, translators sometimes deliberately omit some parts of the text or change the order of the original. It means that a translator/interpreter consciously makes this or that decision concerning what part or parts of the source text are ideologically relevant and should be brought into “due” perspective in translation and which are to be left out, and is therefore instrumental in shaping public opinion.


1918 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. O. Sauer

The gerrymander is an American name for a political abuse, which, though by no means exclusively American, has been most widely practiced and generally tolerated in this country. It is a device for the partial suppression of public opinion that simulates agreement with democratic institutions. The subterfuge, therefore, has no place in countries in which oligarchic control is legitimized. Nor is it suited to European conditions, because it is difficult there to shift electoral boundaries. European electoral units in large part have a clearly defined historical basis, which in turn rests upon geographic coherence. This solidarity is commonly so great that it cannot be disregarded. American political divisions on the other hand show in major part very imperfect adjustment to economic and historic conditions, largely, because many of the divisions were created in advance of such conditions. They are, in the main, not gradual growths, but deliberate and arbitrary legislative creations, made without adequate knowledge of the conditions that make for unity or disunity of population within an area. Political divisions tend, therefore, to be less significant than in European countries and to be regarded more lightly. It is in particular the smaller unit, such as the county, that has been manipulated for electoral purposes. In spite of their poorly drawn individual boundaries, groups of counties can be organized into larger electoral units in such a manner as to represent a common body of interests predominating. On the other hand they can be so arranged as to mask these interests. The lack of proper coherence in the individual county may be rectified in large measure in the group, or it may be intensified. Gerrymandering accomplishes the latter result.


Author(s):  
Lucia Lichnerová

The study To Publish, Make Known and Sell is based on verified existence of competition tensions between the 15th century typographers/publishers, related to the absence of functional regulatory tools of book production of the incunabula period. The increase in the number of book-printers within the relatively narrow geographical area, disregard of publishers’ privileges, the emergence of pirated reprints, as well as insufficient self-promotion on the book market through introducing novelties had concentrated typographers’ attention on devising new tools of securing their triumph in publisher’s competition – the so called book advertisements. The author has analysed 44 promotional posters of the incunabula period from several points of view and attempted to identify their design elements, which on the one hand showed signs of certain standardization, while on the other hand they were subject to personal creativity of their creator. She gives detailed overview of the circumstances of the origin, typographic design and contents of book advertisements of several kinds within the context of promoting either the existing or planned editions, of one edition or a group of books; specifically focusing on the unique types of advertising. In conclusion, the author cites the circumstances of the extinction of book advertisements related to the rise of the new promotional tool – booksellers’ catalogue and submits a bibliography of the book advertisements dating from the 15th century.


2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Romana Hricová

Green logistics is very attractive and request the point of view. Many companies try to be “green”, but on the other hand they also must be quick, be in right time in the right place and everything with as low costs as possible. So because of it, they use more road freight transport. Nowadays road freight transport is much expanded as transport companies prefer the possibility to operate just-in-time.  There are several advantages that give road freight transport the first place. Firstly, the truck can be prepared whenever, no matter what time is chosen.  Secondly, the flexibility and no more borders with customs control inside the Schengen Area make freight transport quicker. On the other hand, innovative approaches ask for environmental protection, which becomes one of the most important points of view.  If countries support this environmental friendly transport, this would be reflected in the transport prices which should make rail transport more interesting. Using the methodology in the manuscript was divided to three steps. The first step is to identify relevant questions related to border crossing. Next step is to elaborate a list of border problems, and the last step is an analysis of available data.  


Author(s):  
V.V. Kotelevskaya

The article explores the typological principles and genesis of narrative thinking of Thomas Bernhard (1931-1989). It reveals the paradoxical nature of his writing, which combines, on the one hand, archetypal structures, implied ‘genre memory’, and on the other hand, a unique, innovative style. Bernhard’s constructive principle is repetition, which allows the embodiment of the idea of «eternal return» (Eliade) throughout the poetical structure, whether it is a sacred event of a myth or an «obsessive repetition» (Freud) of the traumatic memories of the protagonist or the narrator. The fragmented world is under constant reorganizing with the help of Bernhard’s polyphonic writing, which finds itself mostly in the imitation of the non-figurative, purely expressive, self-referential «art of fugue» (Bach), oriented to the cyclic, rather than linear-historical concept of time. In contrast to the literary interpretation of the «polyphonic novel» (Bakhtin) with its coexistence of multiple points of view, our attention is shifted to the musicological interpretation of the fugue’s polyphony as the embodied idea of the continuity of time, the closeness and infinity of the divine universe.


Author(s):  
Nilay Yavuz ◽  
Naci Karkın ◽  
İsmet Parlak ◽  
Özlem Özdeşim Subay

Along with the growing use of twitter as a tool of political interaction, recently, there has also been an attention in the academia to understand and explain how and why politicians use twitter, and what its impact on the political outcomes are. On the other hand, there has been little analysis about the content of the tweets that politicians from different parties posted during major political events. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the discourse strategies that the top-level politicians of the party in power and of the main opposition party in Turkey used in their tweets during Gezi Park events in the summer of 2013. Findings from a hand-coded content analysis based on Van Dijk's framework (2006) indicate that while the most frequently used strategy was actor descriptions and categorization for both parties' politicians, burden strategy and lexicalization / metaphor strategy were used significantly more by the main opposition party politicians compared to the politicians of the party in power.


Politics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 026339572093377
Author(s):  
James Martin

What insights and advantages do rhetorical approaches offer over other methods of exploring social and political discourse? This article aims to clarify the contribution of rhetorical analysis by exploring its distinctive, hermeneutic attention to public speech. Public speaking is, accordingly, viewed as a practice of assembling meaningful interpretations in specific situations. Central here is a temporal dimension. Analysing rhetoric involves grasping discourse, on the one hand, as concretely situated in response to proximate constraints and, on the other hand, as a medium to move beyond the situation towards a future. Following John Caputo’s reading of Derrida, I argue that, examined rhetorically, public speech enacts a ‘negotiation’ of past and future, intertwining conditional – and hence partially calculable – positions with an ‘unconditional promise’ to prepare for what comes. Although compatible with other approaches, rhetorical analysis is uniquely attuned to this intrinsically ethical and political quality of discursive action.


2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1460002
Author(s):  
Vassily Olegovich Manturov

This paper is the first one in the sequence of papers about a simple class of framed 4-graphs; the goal of this paper is to collect some well-known results on planarity and to reformulate them in the language of minors. The goal of the whole sequence is to prove analogs of the Robertson–Seymour–Thomas theorems for framed 4-graphs: namely, we shall prove that many minor-closed properties are classified by finitely many excluded graphs. From many points of view, framed 4-graphs are easier to consider than general graphs; on the other hand, framed 4-graphs are closely related to many problems in graph theory.


Author(s):  
GerShun Avilez

This chapter tracks how artists investigate the discourse of reproduction not simply to explore dual meanings, but rather to consider how the politicized concept of reproduction functions as a contested means for conveying gender identity. In her painted quilt sequence The Slave Rape Series, Faith Ringgold uses reproduction to establish a visual interrogation of Black gender identity and to probe the implications of the commitment to reproductive paradigms. Her paintings of the pregnant body create the opportunity to recast the images circulating in political discourse, which favor restrictive conceptions of gender expression, especially in regard to femininity. On the other hand, Toni Morrison's novel Paradise (1997) moves the questioning of reproduction to the realm of narrative and enhances the exploration of masculinity. Meanwhile, Spike Lee's feature film She Hate Me (2004) evokes nationalist strategies by offering an exploration of reproduction as a viable mechanism for resolving social anxieties about gender identity and for rearticulating Black social agency.


1950 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
Aaron Bakst

This is the beginning of a new department in The Mathematics Teacher. This department has a purpose. Its aim is to assist the classroom teacher in putting color and life in everyday teaching. There are many ways and means how this might be achieved. Generally, recreations are supposed to introduce elements of interest and motivation. On the other hand, recreations, as they have been known in the mathematical literature for centuries, have been centered around the puzzling and the play with mathematical operations. This may be interesting, but only for a while. Soon the interest in such things may wear off. This acts as a warning that we should not become too enthusiastic over such types of recreations. If we teach mathematics from such recreational points of view only, we may obscure the more important aims of the mathematical instruction.


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