SYSTEMATIC DIRAC ANALYSES OF PROTON INELASTIC SCATTERINGS FROM AXIALLY SYMMETRIC DEFORMED NUCLEI

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250098 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUGIE SHIM ◽  
MOON-WON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Vector Model ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Deformed Nuclei ◽  
Dirac Equations ◽  
Optical Potentials ◽  
Deformed Nucleus ◽  
Sequential Iteration ◽  
Coupled Channel

Relativistic Dirac coupled channel analyses using optical potential model are performed for the 800 MeV proton inelastic scatterings from 26 Mg and the results are compared with those from several other axially symmetric deformed nuclei for the systematic Dirac analyses. Employing scalar-vector model, scalar and time-like vector optical potentials in Lorentz covariant form are calculated phenomenologically by solving Dirac coupled channel equations using sequential iteration method. Dirac equations are reduced to second-order differential equations to obtain Schrödinger equivalent effective central and spin-orbit optical potentials and it is found that the heavier deformed nucleus has the larger effective central potential strength. Using the first-order rotational collective model to describe the low-lying excited states of ground state rotational band in the deformed nuclei, deformation parameters for the excited states are calculated and it is observed that the lighter deformed nucleus has the larger deformation parameter for the lowest lying excited 2+ state at the 800 MeV proton inelastic scattering, indicating the stronger coupling to the ground state compared to that of heavier nucleus.

Dirac phenomenological analyses for the proton scatterings from nickel isotopes

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1304-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugie Shim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Rotational Band ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Optical Potential ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Channel Coupling ◽  
Optical Potentials ◽  
Nickel Isotopes ◽  
Coupled Channel

Relativistic Dirac coupled channel analyses are performed phenomenologically using an optical potential model for the intermediate energy proton inelastic scatterings from nickel isotopes, 58Ni and 60Ni. The first-order rotational collective model is used for the transition optical potentials to describe the low-lying excited collective states of the ground state rotational band. The complicated Dirac coupled channel equations are solved phenomenologically by varying the optical potential and the deformation parameters to reproduce the experimental data, using a computer program that uses a sequential iteration method. The channel-coupling effects of the multistep transition process for the excited states of the ground state rotational band are found to be strong and lead the calculation results to better agreement with the experimental data when the channel coupling between the excited states is added in the calculation. The Dirac equations are reduced to the second-order differential equations to obtain the Schrödinger equivalent effective central and spin–orbit optical potentials, and the obtained effective potentials are analyzed.

scholarly journals Covariant density functional NL3, ten years after

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
S. Karatzikos ◽  
G. A. Lalazissis ◽  
R. Fossion ◽  
D. Peña-Arteaga ◽  
P. Ring
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Deformed Nuclei ◽  
Relativistic Mean Field ◽  
Effective Force ◽  
Ground State Properties ◽  
Excellent Description ◽  
Covariant Density

We propose a modification of the effective force NL3, which presents the very succesful parameterization for the Lagrangian of the Relativistic Mean Field (RMF) theory. The new effective force with the name NL3* has phenomenological para- meters. It improves the ground state properties of many nuclei and simultaneously provides an excellent description of excited states with collective character in sphe- rical and axially deformed nuclei.

DESCRIPTION OF E1 TRANSITION IN DOUBLY EVEN WELL-DEFORMED NUCLEI

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 1227-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. SOLOVIEV ◽  
A.V. SUSHKOV ◽  
N. YU. SHIRIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Radial Dependence ◽  
Nuclear Model ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Deformed Nuclei ◽  
Dipole Interactions

One-phonon states with Kπ=0− and 1− are calculated within the RPA taking the isoscalar and isovector particle-hole and particle-particle octupole and isovector particlehole dipole interactions into account. General equations of the Quasiparticle-Phonon Nuclear Model are modified. The energies and wave functions of the nonrotational states below 2.3 MeV in 160Gd calculated within this model are in good overall agreement with experimental data. The E1 transition rates in several doubly even well-deformed nuclei are calculated. The influence of the radial dependence of the dipole and octupole interactions on E1 and E3 transition probabilities is investigated. It is shown that the fragmentation of one-phonon states below 2.3 MeV weakly affects the E1 transition rates from 1− states to the ground state. The fragmentation of one- and two-phonon states strongly affect B(E1) values of the transitions from 1− states with energy above 2.5 MeV to the ground states and between excited states. The results of calculating the E1 transition rates are compared with the relevant experimental data.

Excited-State Dynamics in the RNA Nucleotide Uridine 5’-Monophosphate Investigated by Femtosecond Broadband Transient Absorption Spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Brister ◽  
Carlos Crespo-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Excited State ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Transient Absorption ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Transient Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Electronic Relaxation ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Excited State Dynamics ◽  
Π State

<p></p><p> Damage to RNA from ultraviolet radiation induce chemical modifications to the nucleobases. Unraveling the excited states involved in these reactions is essential, but investigations aimed at understanding the electronic-energy relaxation pathways of the RNA nucleotide uridine 5’-monophosphate (UMP) have not received enough attention. In this Letter, the excited-state dynamics of UMP is investigated in aqueous solution. Excitation at 267 nm results in a trifurcation event that leads to the simultaneous population of the vibrationally-excited ground state, a longlived <sup>1</sup>n<sub>O</sub>π* state, and a receiver triplet state within 200 fs. The receiver state internally convert to the long-lived <sup>3</sup>ππ* state in an ultrafast time scale. The results elucidate the electronic relaxation pathways and clarify earlier transient absorption experiments performed for uracil derivatives in solution. This mechanistic information is important because long-lived nπ* and ππ* excited states of both singlet and triplet multiplicities are thought to lead to the formation of harmful photoproducts.</p><p></p>

Charge Transfer Between CO22+ and Ar or Ne at Collision Energies 3-10 eV

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libor Mrázek ◽  
Ján Žabka ◽  
Zdeněk Dolejšek ◽  
Zdeněk Herman
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Translational Energy ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Energy Distributions ◽  
Zener Model ◽  
Beam Scattering ◽  
Product Ions

The beam scattering method was used to investigate non-dissociative single-electron charge transfer between the molecular dication CO22+ and Ar or Ne at several collision energies between 3-10 eV (centre-of-mass, c.m.). Relative translational energy distributions of the product ions showed that in the reaction with Ar the CO2+ product was mainly formed in reactions of the ground state of the dication, CO22+(X3Σg-), leading to the excited states of the product CO2+(A2Πu) and CO2+(B2Σu+). In the reaction with Ne, the largest probability had the process from the reactant dication excited state CO22+(1Σg+) leading to the product ion ground state CO2+(X2Πg). Less probable were processes between the other excited states of the dication CO22+, (1∆g), (1Σu-), (3∆u), also leading to the product ion ground state CO2+(X2Πg). Using the Landau-Zener model of the reaction window, relative populations of the ground and excited states of the dication CO22+ in the reactant beam were roughly estimated as (X3Σg):(1∆g):(1Σg+):(1Σu-):(3∆u) = 1.0:0.6:0.5:0.25:0.25.

scholarly journals The Microwave Spectrum of 3,4-Dihydro-1,2-Pyran

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 913-919
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos López ◽  
José L. Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moment ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Microwave Spectrum ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Ring Conformation ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Rotational Constants ◽  
Displacement Measurements

Abstract The rotational transitions of 3,4-dihydro-1,2-pyran in the ground state and six vibrationally excited states have been assigned. The rotational constants for the ground state (A = 5198.1847(24), B = 4747.8716(24) and C = 2710.9161(24) have been derived by fitting μa, μb and μc-type transitions. The dipole moment was determined from Stark displacement measurements to be 1.400(8) D with its principal axis components |μa| =1.240(2), |μb| = 0.588(10) and |μc| = 0.278(8) D. A model calculation to reproduce the ground state rotational constants indicates that the data are consistent with a twisted ring conformation. The average intensity ratio gives vibrational separations between the ground and excited states of the ring-bending and ring-twisting modes of ~ 178 and ~ 277 cm-1 respectively.

scholarly journals Counting monster potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Conti ◽  
Davide Masoero
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Hermite Polynomials ◽  
Large Momentum ◽  
Integer Partitions ◽  
Complex Equilibria ◽  
State Potential

Abstract We study the large momentum limit of the monster potentials of Bazhanov-Lukyanov-Zamolodchikov, which — according to the ODE/IM correspondence — should correspond to excited states of the Quantum KdV model.We prove that the poles of these potentials asymptotically condensate about the complex equilibria of the ground state potential, and we express the leading correction to such asymptotics in terms of the roots of Wronskians of Hermite polynomials.This allows us to associate to each partition of N a unique monster potential with N roots, of which we compute the spectrum. As a consequence, we prove — up to a few mathematical technicalities — that, fixed an integer N , the number of monster potentials with N roots coincides with the number of integer partitions of N , which is the dimension of the level N subspace of the quantum KdV model. In striking accordance with the ODE/IM correspondence.

Zur Berechnung der chemischen Verschiebung unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des paramagnetischen Terms / Attempts to the Calculation of the Chemical Shift with Especial Consideration of the Paramagnetic Term

1977 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1541-1543
Author(s):  
H. Sterk ◽  
J. J. Suschnigg
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Energy Gap

Abstract Attempts to the Calculation of the Chemical Shift with Especial Consideration of the Paramagnetic Term The calculation of the paramagnetic term according to the Pople formalism of the chemical shift is expanded. The hitherto constant value of the energy gap between the ground state and the excited states is replaced by the value of the lowest lying excitation. This leads to a remarkably better differentiation of the paramagnetic terms of different compounds. The influence is shown on ethane, ethene and ethine.

OPTICAL ABSORPTION SPECTRA OF ARSENIC AND PHOSPHORUS IN SILICON

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1480-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Bichard ◽  
J. C. Giles
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Absorption Lines ◽  
Full Width ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
Phosphorus Impurity ◽  
Line Widths ◽  
Phosphorus In Silicon

The optical absorption spectra of arsenic and phosphorus donor impurities in silicon have been studied under conditions of improved resolution. Absorption lines due to transitions from the impurity ground state to the excited states 2p0, 2p±, 3p0, 3p±, 4p0, 4 p±, and 5p0, and 5p± have been observed at 4.2° K. The relative intensities of some of these absorption lines are compared with existing experimental and theoretical estimates. The contribution of instrumental broadening to the observed line widths is assessed and natural line widths are estimated. The estimates indicate values for the natural line widths which are much less than those previously reported. For phosphorus impurity, the natural line widths are estimated to be less than 0.08 × 10−3 electron volts full width at half-maximum. The possibility of concentration broadening is discussed in connection with the arsenic data.

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