The OMT Classification of Congenital Anomalies of the Hand and Upper Limb

Hand Surgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tonkin ◽  
Kerby C. Oberg
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Main Group ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Scientific Committee ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Thumb Duplication ◽  
The Common

The Oberg, Manske and Tonkin (OMT) Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb uses dysmorphological terminology, placing conditions in one of three groups: Malformations, Deformations and Dysplasias. The main group, Malformations, is further subdivided according to whether the whole of the limb is affected or the hand plate alone, and whether the primary insult involves one of the three axes of limb development and patterning or is non-axial. The common surgical diagnoses, such as thumb duplication and thumb hypoplasia, are then placed within this framework. Recently the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand Scientific Committee for Congenital Conditions approved the OMT Classification as a timely and appropriate replacement of the previously accepted Swanson Classification. This review charts the development of and modifications to the OMT Classification and its current status.

Classification of Congenital Anomalies of the Hand and Upper Limb: Development and Assessment of a New System

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1845-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Tonkin ◽  
Sarah K. Tolerton ◽  
Tom J. Quick ◽  
Isaac Harvey ◽  
Richard D. Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
New System

Classification of congenital upper limb anomalies: towards improved communication, diagnosis, and discovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerby C. Oberg
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
International Federation ◽  
Clinical Genetics ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Limb Anomalies ◽  
Hand Anomalies

Recently the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand replaced the Swanson scheme for classifying congenital upper limb anomalies with the Oberg, Manske, Tonkin (OMT) classification. This review explores the reasons for this change after nearly 50 years of using the Swanson classification. In particular, it documents the state of our understanding regarding genetics and limb development at the time Swanson generated his classification. It also describes the continued progress in clinical genetics and developmental biology. Such progress drives the need to embrace and incorporate these changes within a new classification scheme; one that will improve communication, diagnosis, and support further discovery of the pathogenesis of congenital hand anomalies.

Classification of Congenital Anomalies of the Upper Limb

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. M. LUIJSTERBURG ◽  
M. A. van HUIZUM ◽  
B. E. IMPELMANS ◽  
E. HOOGEVEEN ◽  
C. VERMEIJ-KEERS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Limb Anomalies ◽  
Congenital Limb ◽  
Descriptive Method

Six hundred and ninety-four patients with 993 anomalies of the upper limbs were classified according to the classification of Swanson et al. (1983) . The data from these patients were compared with previous studies, and similar discrepancies were found. One explanation for these discrepancies is a lack of uniformity in the classification of Swanson et al., which may be caused by out-dated knowledge of the pathogenesis of congenital limb anomalies. Therefore, it seems necessary to describe the anomalies instead of the diagnoses. A descriptive method is being validated in our outpatient department that records all anomalies of the upper limb.

The Classification of Swanson for Congenital Anomalies of Upper Limb Modified by the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand (JSSH)

Hand Surgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 237-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousuke Iba ◽  
Emiko Horii ◽  
Toshihiko Ogino ◽  
Kenichi Kazuki ◽  
Katsuhiko Kashiwa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Complex Spectrum ◽  
Modification System ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Cleft Hand ◽  
Complex Cases

The aim of this study is to introduce the classification of Swanson for congenital anomalies of upper limb modified by the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand (the JSSH modification) in English. The Swanson classification has been widely accepted by most hand surgeons. However, several authors have suggested that complex cases, particularly those involving the complex spectrum of cleft hand and symbrachydactyly, are difficult to classify into the classification schemes. In the JSSH modification, brachysyndactyly, so-called atypical cleft hand and transverse deficiency are included under the same concept of transverse deficiency. Cleft hand, central polydactyly, and syndactyly are included in the same category of abnormal induction of digital rays. We believe that the JSSH modification system is effective in providing hand surgeons with the clinical features and conditions for congenital anomalies.

Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Tonkin
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
Chromosomal Defects

The Oberg, Manske, Tonkin Classification of congenital anomalies of the hand and upper limb utilizes dysmorphological concepts to distinguish Malformations from Deformations and Dysplasias. Malformations are abnormalities of Formation and/or Differentiation of tissues. Deformations are abnormalities which occur after tissue is formed. Dysplasias are abnormalities which result from a lack of normal organization of cells into tissue. Malformations are sub-grouped according to whether the abnormality affects the hand alone or the whole of the upper limb; and according to which, if any, of the three main axes of development are primarily involved. It is not possible to satisfy all criteria which would define an ideal classification. However, this system is practical in that it retains the surgical diagnoses and sub-classifications familiar to surgeons and is easily utilized; it is expandable and may be modified without destroying its structure; it may be used to accumulate prevalence data; and, in the future, gene and chromosomal defects which are identified for specific diagnoses may be incorporated into the system.

A BRIEF REVIEW AND A PROPOSAL FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONGENITAL ANOMALIES OF THE UPPER LIMB: My Proposal for the Classification of Congenital Upper Limb Anomalies

Hand Surgery ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Tajima
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
International Classification ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Limb Anomalies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cleft Hand ◽  
Triphalangeal Thumb

The evaluation of the international classification of congenital anomalies of the upper limb in the past 25 years is described. Syndactyly, cleft hand, and central polydactyly have the same embryological defect. Triphalangeal thumb and five fingered hand are unclassifiable, while camplodactyly, clinodactyly and haemangioma should not be grouped under “failure of differentiation of parts”. A new approach in classification is suggested.

scholarly journals The “Exo hand-2” complex in the rehabilitation of the upper limb in cerebral palsy using the non-invasive interface “brain-computer”

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Larina ◽  
L. L. Korsunskaya ◽  
S. V. Vlasenko
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Large Motor ◽  
Ashworth Scale

Improving the function of the upper limb in cerebral palsy is one of the main tasks of rehabilitation treatment and socialization of the patient.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the “Exo hand-2” complex with the non-invasive interface “brain-computer” for correcting the motor function of the upper limb in cerebral palsy.The study involved 50 male and female with cerebral palsy (main group n = 30, control group n = 20) aged 12–18 years old. The level of motor activity according to the criteria of classification of large motor functions (GMFCS) was not more than III. All patients received a standard course of spa rehabilitation for 21 days. Patients of the main group were additionally rehabilitated using the “Exo hand-2” complex with the non-invasive interface “brain-computer”. As a result of treatment in the main group, spasticity in the paretic hand on the Modified Ashworth Scale decreased from 3 (2; 3) to 2 (1; 2) points (p <0.002); according to Tardieu, spasticity decreased from the level of 3 (2; 3) to 2 (1; 2) (p <0.002). Half of the patients had paretic arm muscle strength in the Medical Research Counsil Weakness Scale sums core from 2.3 (2; 3) to 3 (2; 3) points after treatment (p = 0.002); assessment of household skills on the Modified Franchay Scale showed an improvement from 37 (22.75; 63.75) to 45 (30; 72.75) points after therapy.

Philosophcal review of h. white̕s tropological theory in the context of the new philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (152) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
S. M. Geiko ◽  
◽  
O. D. Lauta
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Text Organization ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Material ◽  
The Common ◽  
Historical Nature ◽  
Selection Of

The article provides a philosophical analysis of the tropological theory of the history of H. White. The researcher claims that history is a specific kind of literature, and the historical works is the connection of a certain set of research and narrative operations. The first type of operation answers the question of why the event happened this way and not the other. The second operation is the social description, the narrative of events, the intellectual act of organizing the actual material. According to H. White, this is where the set of ideas and preferences of the researcher begin to work, mainly of a literary and historical nature. Explanations are the main mechanism that becomes the common thread of the narrative. The are implemented through using plot (romantic, satire, comic and tragic) and trope systems – the main stylistic forms of text organization (metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, irony). The latter decisively influenced for result of the work historians. Historiographical style follows the tropological model, the selection of which is determined by the historian’s individual language practice. When the choice is made, the imagination is ready to create a narrative. Therefore, the historical understanding, according to H. White, can only be tropological. H. White proposes a new methodology for historical research. During the discourse, adequate speech is created to analyze historical phenomena, which the philosopher defines as prefigurative tropological movement. This is how history is revealed through the art of anthropology. Thus, H. White’s tropical history theory offers modern science f meaningful and metatheoretically significant. The structure of concepts on which the classification of historiographical styles can be based and the predictive function of philosophy regarding historical knowledge can be refined.

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