THE ROLE OF SELF-CONSTRUAL ON PREFERRED COMMUNICATION STYLES WITH HUMANOID ROBOTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 359-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIN-SUN KIM ◽  
LI GONG ◽  
NICOLE SAITO ◽  
KIMBERLY NISHIGAYA ◽  
MARJORIE CABICO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Communication Constraints ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
And Task

Research on human–human communication has identified that people apply different constraints in communication with each other. Application of such constraints as social concerns over feeling, imposition, and disapproval and task concerns over clarity and effectiveness has also been found to be influenced by people's self-construal, being independent or interdependent. Do these constraints and individual difference in self-construal matter in communication with humanoid robots? This study uses the theoretical framework of communication constraints to compare whether or not people of different self-construals apply social-oriented and task-oriented constraints differently to humanoid social robot targets. A total of 161 students from the University of Hawaii at Manoa participated in the study. The participants completed a questionnaire that determined their concern for the five communication constraints (feelings, nonimposition, disapproval, clarity, and effectiveness) in situations involving robots, as well as scales measuring self-construal. The results show interdependent self-construal related significantly with the concerns over avoiding hurting the humanoid's feelings, avoiding inconveniencing the humanoid robot, and avoiding being disliked by the humanoid robot. On the other hand, independent self-construal related significantly with the concern over clarity in communicating with the humanoid robot. However, self-construal did not influence one's concern of effectiveness (a task-oriented constraint) in interaction with humanoid robots. The results of the research offer new insight into the linkage between self-construal, a cultural concept at the individual level, and how human–robot communication is psychologically structured and constrained.

scholarly journals Examining the Effects of Three Group-Level Metacognitive Scaffoldings on In-Service Teachers’ Knowledge Building

2021 ◽  
pp. 073563312110308
Author(s):  
Fan Ouyang ◽  
Si Chen ◽  
Yuqin Yang ◽  
Yunqing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Small Groups ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Question Asking ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Metacognitive Scaffolding

Group-level metacognitive scaffolding is critical for productive knowledge building. However, previous research mainly focuses on the individual-level metacognitive scaffoldings in helping learners improve knowledge building, and little effort has been made to develop group-level metacognitive scaffolding (GMS) for knowledge building. This research designed three group-level metacognitive scaffoldings of general, task-oriented, and idea-oriented scaffoldings to facilitate in-service teachers’ knowledge building in small groups. A mixed method is used to examine the effects of the GMSs on groups’ knowledge building processes, performances, and perceptions. Results indicate a complication of the effects of GMSs on knowledge building. The idea-oriented scaffolding has potential to facilitate question-asking and perspective-proposing inquiry through peer interactions; the general scaffolding does not necessarily lessen teachers’ idea-centered explanation and elaboration on the individual level; the task-oriented scaffolding has the worst effect. Pedagogical and research implications are discussed to foster knowledge building with the support of GMSs.

scholarly journals Real-Time Whole-Body Imitation by Humanoid Robots and Task-Oriented Teleoperation Using an Analytical Mapping Method and Quantitative Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Yaru Niu ◽  
Ziyi Yan ◽  
Shuyang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Natural Mode ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Virtual Joints ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
And Task

Due to the limitations on the capabilities of current robots regarding task learning and performance, imitation is an efficient social learning approach that endows a robot with the ability to transmit and reproduce human postures, actions, behaviors, etc., as a human does. Stable whole-body imitation and task-oriented teleoperation via imitation are challenging issues. In this paper, a novel comprehensive and unrestricted real-time whole-body imitation system for humanoid robots is designed and developed. To map human motions to a robot, an analytical method called geometrical analysis based on link vectors and virtual joints (GA-LVVJ) is proposed. In addition, a real-time locomotion method is employed to realize a natural mode of operation. To achieve safe mode switching, a filter strategy is proposed. Then, two quantitative vector-set-based methods of similarity evaluation focusing on the whole body and local links, called the Whole-Body-Focused (WBF) method and the Local-Link-Focused (LLF) method, respectively, are proposed and compared. Two experiments conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods and system are reported. Specifically, the first experiment validates the good stability and similarity features of our system, and the second experiment verifies the effectiveness with which complicated tasks can be executed. At last, an imitation learning mechanism in which the joint angles of demonstrators are mapped by GA-LVVJ is presented and developed to extend the proposed system.

Tolerance for Cheating From the Classroom to the Boardroom: A Study of Underlying Personal and Cultural Drivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glen H. Brodowsky ◽  
Emily Tarr ◽  
Foo Nin Ho ◽  
Don Sciglimpaglia
Keyword(s):  
Academic Dishonesty ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Academic Cheating ◽  
Corporate Behavior ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Diverse Student ◽  
Business Behavior ◽  
The Individual

Professors face increasingly diverse student bodies that exhibit divergent understandings and motivations to engage in academic dishonesty. Research suggests that collectivism/individualism is the cultural dimension underlying such differences. This study measures this dimension at the individual level using two constructs—agency-communion and self-construal—and their relationships to tolerance for academic cheating and unethical corporate behavior. Analyses show a positive relationship between tolerance for academic cheating and for unethical corporate behavior. Both measures of collectivism (interdependent self-construal and communion) exhibit positive relationships to tolerance for unethical business behavior, while interdependence is also positively related to tolerance for academic cheating.

scholarly journals Identity and Online Groups

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Siitonen
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Online Groups ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way

Questions related to identity have been central to discussions on online communication since the dawn of the Internet. One of the positions advocated by early Internet pioneers and scholars on computer-mediated communication was that online communication would differ from face-to-face communication in the way traditional markers of identity (such as gender, age, etc.) would be visible for interlocutors. It was theorized that these differences would manifest both as reduced social cues as well as greater control in the way we present ourselves to others. This position was linked to ideas about fluid identities and identity play inherent to post-modern thinking. Lately, the technological and societal developments related to online communication have promoted questions related to, for example, authenticity and traceability of identity. In addition to the individual level, scholars have been interested in issues of social identity formation and identification in the context of online groups and communities. It has been shown, for example, how the apparent anonymity in initial interactions can lead to heightened identification/de-individuation on the group level. Another key question related to this one is the way group identity and identification with the group relates to intergroup contact in online settings. How do people perceive others’ identity, as well as their own, in such contact situations? To what extent is intergroup contact still intergroup contact, if the parties involved do not perceive it as such? As online communication continues to offer a key platform for contact between various types of social groups, questions of identity and identification remain at the forefront of scholarship into human communication behavior in technology-mediated settings.

scholarly journals Real-Time Whole-Body Imitation by Humanoid Robots and Task-Oriented Teleoperation Using an Analytical Mapping Method and Quantitative Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Zhang ◽  
Yaru Niu ◽  
Ziyi Yan ◽  
Shuyang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mode Switching ◽  
Natural Mode ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Virtual Joints ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
And Task

Due to the limitations on the capabilities of current robots regarding task learning and performance, imitation is an efficient social learning approach that endows a robot with the ability to transmit and reproduce human postures, actions, behaviors, etc., as a human does. Stable whole-body imitation and task-oriented teleoperation via imitation are challenging issues. In this paper, a novel comprehensive and unrestricted real-time whole-body imitation system for humanoid robots is designed and developed. To map human motions to a robot, an analytical method called geometrical analysis based on link vectors and virtual joints (GA-LVVJ) is proposed. In addition, a real-time locomotion method is employed to realize a natural mode of operation. To achieve safe mode switching, a filter strategy is proposed. Then, two quantitative vector-set-based methods of similarity evaluation focusing on the whole body and local links, called the Whole-Body-Focused (WBF) method and the Local-Link-Focused (LLF) method, respectively, are proposed and compared. Two experiments conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods and system are reported. Specifically, the first experiment validates the good stability and similarity features of our system, and the second experiment verifies the effectiveness with which complicated tasks can be executed. At last, an imitation learning mechanism in which the joint angles of demonstrators are mapped by GA-LVVJ is presented and developed to extend the proposed system.

scholarly journals From Lonely to Resilient through Humanoid Robots: Building a New Framework of Resilience

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan F. Hoorn
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Need Satisfaction ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Design Challenges ◽  
New Framework

This paper connects different theories and methods from the social sciences and applies them to human-humanoid robot interaction (HHRI) to explain loneliness reduction and the build-up of resilience in older adults through social robots. It allows for user-related aspects such as age, social connectedness, gender role, personality, and need satisfaction as well as robot-related aspects, particularly coaching behaviors and communication styles. From these scientific considerations, solutions to design challenges are pinpointed, proposing novel interaction schemes that enhance the feeling of support and companionship. This paper also opens the way to conducting empirical research to examine HHRI-related designs, measuring user experience in HHRI, while suggesting applications in HHRI in various settings, such as coaching and eldercare.

scholarly journals Is an Emphasis on Dignity, Honor and Face more an Attribute of Individuals or of Cultural Groups?

2020 ◽  
pp. 106939712097957
Author(s):  
Peter B. Smith ◽  
Matthew J. Easterbrook ◽  
Yasin Koc ◽  
Vivian Miu-Chi Lun ◽  
Dona Papastylianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Cultural Logic ◽  
Interpersonal Conflicts ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual

This study compares the individual-level and sample-level predictive utility of a measure of the cultural logics of dignity, honor, and face. University students in 29 samples from 24 nations used a simple measure to rate their perceptions of the interpersonal cultural logic characterizing their local culture. The nomological net of these measures was then explored. Key dependent measures included three different facets of independent versus interdependent self-construal, relevant attitudes and values, reported handling of actual interpersonal conflicts, and responses to normative settings. Multilevel analyses revealed both individual- and sample-level effects but the dignity measure showed more individual-level effects, whereas sample-level effects were relatively more important with the face measure. The implications of this contrast are discussed.

Learner Attitudes Towards Humanoid Robot Tutoring Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Dimitrova ◽  
Hiroaki Wagatsuma ◽  
Gyanendra Nath Tripathi ◽  
Guangyi Ai
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Tutoring Systems ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Learner Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cognitive Motivation ◽  
Learner Attitude ◽  
Biometric Feature

A novel framework for investigation of the learner attitude towards a humanoid robot tutoring system is proposed in the chapter. The theoretical approach attempts to understand both the cognitive motivation as well as the social motivation of the participants in a teaching session, held by a robotic tutor. For this aim, a questionnaire is delivered after the eye tracking experiment in order to record the type and amount of the learned material as well as the social motivation of the participants. The results of the experiments show significant effects of both cognitive and social motivation influences. It has been shown that cognitive motivation can be observed and analyzed on a very individual level. This is an important biometric feature and can be used to recognize individuals from patterns of viewing behaviors in a lesson. Guidelines, drawn from first-person accounts of learner participation in the study, are also formulated for achieving more intuitive interactions with humanoid robots intended to perform social jobs like being teachers or advisors.

scholarly journals Working Together versus Working Autonomously: a New Power-Dependence Perspective on the Individual-Level of Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon B. de Jong
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Task Interdependence ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Power Dependence ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Task Autonomy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Level Of Analysis ◽  
And Task

AbstractRecent studies have indicated that it is important to investigate the interaction between task interdependence and task autonomy because this interaction can affect team effectiveness. However, only a limited number of studies have been conducted and those studies focused solely on the team level of analysis. Moreover, there has also been a dearth of theoretical development. Therefore, this study develops and tests an alternative theoretical perspective in an attempt to understand if, and if so why, this interaction is important at the individual level of analysis. Based on interdependence theory and power-dependence theory, we expected that highly task-interdependent individuals who reported high task autonomy would be more powerful and better performers. In contrast, we expected that similarly high task-interdependent individuals who reported less task autonomy would be less powerful and would be weaker performers. These expectations were supported by multi-level and bootstrapping analyses performed on a multi-source dataset (self-, peer-, manager-ratings) comprised of 182 employees drawn from 37 teams. More specifically, the interaction between task interdependence and task autonomy was γ =.128, p <.05 for power and γ =.166, p <.05 for individual performance. The 95% bootstrap interval ranged from .0038 to .0686.

NATURAL BEHAVIOR GENERATION FOR HUMANOID ROBOTS

2004 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 637-649
Author(s):  
TAKAHIRO MIYASHITA ◽  
HIROSHI ISHIGURO
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Hybrid Generation ◽  
Natural Behavior ◽  
Hybrid Controller ◽  
Wheeled Inverted Pendulum ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Task Oriented

Human behaviors consist of both voluntary and involuntary motions. Almost all behaviors of task-oriented robots, however, consist solely of voluntary motions. Involuntary motions are important for generating natural motions like those of humans. Thus, we propose a natural behavior generation method for humanoid robots that is a hybrid generation between voluntary and involuntary motions. The key idea of our method is to control robots with a hybrid controller that combines the functions of a communication behavior controller and body balancing controllers. We also develop a wheeled inverted pendulum type of humanoid robot, named "Robovie-III," in order to generate involuntary motions like oscillation. This paper focuses on the system architecture of this robot. By applying our method to this robot and conducting preliminary experiments, we verify its validity. Experimental results show that the robot generates both voluntary and involuntary motions.

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