Effects of Size, Shape, Surface Charge and Functionalization on Cytotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles

Nano LIFE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 1540003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuheng Li ◽  
Zhen Lei ◽  
Junping Zhang ◽  
Dianjun Liu ◽  
Zhenxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Au Nps

Gold nanoparticles ( Au NPs) are emerging as promising nanomaterials from which we construct diagnostic and therapeutic nanosystems. For understanding the fundamental behaviors of Au NPs with biological systems, interactions of Au NPs and cells should be considered first. In this review, we present a detailed analysis of data on the cytotoxicity of most popular Au NPs including gold nanoclusters ( Au NCs), spherical Au NPs, gold nanoshells ( Au NSs) and gold nanorods ( Au NRs). Relationships correlating the cell models, physicochemical properties (size, shape, chemical functionality and surface charge) of Au NPs and cytotoxicity are discussed on the basis of data analysis. Some general conclusions, current challenges and future prospects/solutions on the issue have been provided.

scholarly journals Encapsidation of Different Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles by the CCMV CP

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Ana L. Durán-Meza ◽  
Martha I. Escamilla-Ruiz ◽  
Xochitl F. Segovia-González ◽  
Maria V. Villagrana-Escareño ◽  
J. Roger Vega-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Different types of gold nanoparticles have been synthesized that show great potential in medical applications such as medical imaging, bio-analytical sensing and photothermal cancer therapy. However, their stability, polydispersity and biocompatibility are major issues of concern. For example, the synthesis of gold nanorods, obtained through the elongated micelle process, produce them with a high positive surface charge that is cytotoxic, while gold nanoshells are unstable and break down in a few weeks due to the Ostwald ripening process. In this work, we report the self-assembly of the capsid protein (CP) of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) around spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods and gold nanoshells to form virus-like particles (VLPs). All gold nanoparticles were synthesized or treated to give them a negative surface charge, so they can interact with the positive N-terminus of the CP leading to the formation of the VLPs. To induce the protein self-assembly around the negative gold nanoparticles, we use different pH and ionic strength conditions determined from a CP phase diagram. The encapsidation with the viral CP will provide the nanoparticles better biocompatibility, stability, monodispersity and a new biological substrate on which can be introduced ligands toward specific cells, broadening the possibilities for medical applications.

scholarly journals Encapsidation of Different Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles by the CCMV Capsid Protein

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luisa Duran-Meza ◽  
Martha Itzel Escamilla-Ruiz ◽  
Xochitl Fabiola Segovia-Gonzalez ◽  
Maria Veronica Villagrana-Escareño ◽  
J. Roger Vega-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Gold Nanorods ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
Gold Nanoshells ◽  
Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle Virus ◽  
Chlorotic Mottle

Different types of gold nanoparticles have been synthesized that great potential in medical applications such as medical imaging, bio-analytical sensing and photothermal therapy. However, their stability, polydispersity and biocompatibility are major issues of concern. For example, the synthesis of gold nanorods, obtained through the elongated micelle process, produce them with a high positive surface charge that is cytotoxic. While gold nanoshells are unstable and within a few weeks they decompose due to Ostwald ripening. In this work, we report the self-assembly of the capsid protein of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) around spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods and gold nanoshells to form virus-like particles (VLPs). All gold nanoparticles were synthesized or treated to give them a negative surface charge, so they can interact with the positive N-terminus of the capsid protein leading to the formation of the VLPs. To induce the protein self-assembly around the negative gold nanoparticles, we use different pH and ionic strength conditions that were determined from the capsid protein phase diagram. The encapsidation with the viral capsid protein confers them better biocompatibility, stability, monodispersity and a new biological substrate on which one can introduce specific ligands towards particular cells, broadening the possibilities of medical application.

scholarly journals Easy and fast in-situ functionalization of exfoliated 2D black phosphorus with gold nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Moschetto ◽  
Andrea Ienco ◽  
Gabriele Manca ◽  
Manuel Serrano-Ruiz ◽  
Maurizio Peruzzini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
In Situ Functionalization

Heterostructures of single- and few-layer black phosphorus (2D bP) functionalized with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have been recently reported in the literature, exploiting their intriguing properties and biocompatibility for catalytic,...

scholarly journals Continuous citrate‐capped gold nanoparticle synthesis in a two‐phase flow reactor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Damilos ◽  
Ioannis Alissandratos ◽  
Luca Panariello ◽  
Anand N. P. Radhakrishnan ◽  
Enhong Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Process Yield ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Manufacturing Platform

AbstractA continuous manufacturing platform was developed for the synthesis of aqueous colloidal 10–20 nm gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in a flow reactor using chloroauric acid, sodium citrate and citric acid at 95 oC and 2.3 bar(a) pressure. The use of a two-phase flow system – using heptane as the continuous phase – prevented fouling on the reactor walls, while improving the residence time distribution. Continuous syntheses for up to 2 h demonstrated its potential application for continuous manufacturing, while live quality control was established using online UV-Vis photospectrometry that monitored the particle size and process yield. The synthesis was stable and reproducible over time for gold precursor concentration above 0.23 mM (after mixing), resulting in average particle size between 12 and 15 nm. A hydrophobic membrane separator provided successful separation of the aqueous and organic phases and collection of colloidal Au NPs in flow. Process yield increased at higher inlet flow rates (from 70 % to almost 100 %), due to lower residence time of the colloidal solution in the separator resulting in less fouling in the PTFE membrane. This study addresses the challenges for the translation of the synthesis from batch to flow and provides tools for the development of a continuous manufacturing platform for gold nanoparticles.Graphical abstract

Macroscopical monolayer films of ordered arrays of gold nanoparticles as SERS substrates for in-situ quantitative detection in aqueous solutions

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Xing ◽  
Cui Wang ◽  
Yi Cao ◽  
Jihui Zhang ◽  
Haibing Xia
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Monolayer Films ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Sers Substrates ◽  
Ordered Arrays ◽  
Water Volume Fraction

In this work, macroscopical monolayer films of ordered arrays of gold nanoparticles (MMF-OA-Au NPs) are successfully prepared at the interfaces of toluene-diethylene glycol (DEG) with a water volume fraction of...

Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles on Gold Nanorods Using Functionalized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) as Polymeric “Glue”

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyin Fan ◽  
Moritz Tebbe ◽  
Andreas Fery ◽  
Seema Agarwal ◽  
Andreas Greiner
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Gold Nanorods

scholarly journals Effects of Different Surfactant Charges on the Formation of Gold Nanoparticles by the LASiS Method

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2937
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulfajri ◽  
Wei-Jie Huang ◽  
Genin-Gary Huang ◽  
Hui-Fen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Laser Fluences ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
532 Nm

The laser ablation synthesis in solution (LASiS) method has been widely utilized due to its significant prospects in laser microprocessing of nanomaterials. In this study, the LASiS method with the addition of different surfactant charges (cationic CTAB, nonionic TX-100, and anionic SDS) was used to produce Au NPs. An Nd:YAG laser system at 532 nm excitation with some synthetic parameters, including different laser fluences, ablation times, and surfactant concentrations was performed. The obtained Au NPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. The Au NPs exhibited the maximum absorption peak at around 520 nm for all samples. The color of Au NPs was changed from red to reddish by increasing the laser fluence. The surfactant charges also played different roles in the Au NPs’ growth during the synthesis process. The average sizes of Au NPs were found to be 8.5 nm, 5.5 nm, and 15.5 nm with the medium containing CTAB, TX-100, and SDS, respectively. Besides, the different surfactant charges induced different performances to protect Au NPs from agglomeration. Overall, the SDS and CTAB surfactants exhibited higher stability of the Au NPs compared to the Au NPs with TX-100 surfactant.

Boosting the Electrochemistry of Li2O2 in Lithium−Oxygen Batteries by Plasmon-induced Hot-Electron Injection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixue Yang ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Huali Liu ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Jiaqi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Hot Electron ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Hot Electron Injection ◽  
Lithium Oxygen Batteries

A photo-assisted Li−Oxygen (Li−O2) battery with Au/SnO2 (ASO) hybrid nanotubes as cathode and photocatalyst has been prepared. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excitation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) can...

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