Residential Satisfaction of Elderly as Determinant Behind Design Thinking in Urban Planning

Nano LIFE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 1840004
Author(s):  
Yifan Yu ◽  
Fuqin Wang ◽  
Feiyang Zhu ◽  
Zhigang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Residential Satisfaction ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Using Data

Residential satisfaction (RS) is an important bolometer to capture the mood of residents and their opinions on the quality of life they are living. Here, it is our intent to focus on the evaluation of the home as the measurement for satisfaction of the occupant, as it occurs naturally for its occupants. In this case, we study the urban folks, in terms of density, location and housing type, designed by the urban planners. Using data from the 4th National Sample Survey on the living conditions of China’s urban and rural older population, we analyzed the RS among people in their 60[Formula: see text]s and older ([Formula: see text]) living in the suburban neighborhoods in Shanghai. Using Logistic Regression models, we compared and studied the impacts of these three independent variables on their view on RS. The results confirmed the housing type and the location as the two most impactful factors and as the two main determinants in RS among the elderly population living in the urban areas of Shanghai.

scholarly journals Family structure and its impacts on the restrictions of self-perception of elderly health levels in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2751-2762
Author(s):  
Mércia Santos da Cruz ◽  
Jair Andrade Araujo ◽  
Adriano Nascimento da Paixão
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Physical Mobility ◽  
Elderly Health ◽  
Home Living ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the article is to investigate the impacts of co-residence over spouce and\or children on self-perceived health among Brazilian elderly. The database used was the health supplement of the National Sample Survey of Households (PNAD) conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in 2008. The sample consists of 36 551 people from all regions of the country such as urban areas and rurals. The results indicate that seniors with better socioeconomic status, who don’t have physical mobility problems are more propenspos to a better self report among their health, regardless of the gender of the elderly. Regarding the impact of co-residence family health of respondents, living with daughters increases the probability that perception is better (specifically good or very good). Moreover,the results are consistent with the hypothesis that elderly brazilians realize better their health with home living with daughters and/or spouse.

scholarly journals Equity and Elderly Health in India: Reflections from 75th Round National Sample Survey, 2017-18, amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
Muraleedharan V R
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
General Category ◽  
National Sample Survey

Abstract Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, called coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19), has affected more than 200 countries across the globe with a higher fatality rate in the elderly population. Historical experience shows that the pandemic disproportionately afflicts the socioeconomically disadvantaged population. Aim of the study is to highlight the vulnerability of the aged amidst the current pandemic, in the light of the recent international evidence, and what government could do to mitigate their vulnerability.Methods: Data from the recently released (November 2019) 75 th Round National Sample Survey (NSS), which was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018, across 8077 rural villages and 6181 urban wards was used for this study. Data collected from 555115 individuals (rural: 325232; urban: 229232) included that of 42762 elderly individuals (60 years or above). Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used for the calculation.Results: 27.7 % of elderly reported suffering from any ailment in the last 15 days, whereas 8.5% had hospitalization during the last 365 days. Hospitalization rate was higher in the urban areas (OR: 1.21), general category (OR: 1.18), richest economic quintile (OR: 1.68), and among elderly living alone (OR: 2.05), which was statistically significant. 64% of the scheduled tribe and 51.0% of the poorest income quintile elderly utilized public facilities during hospitalization. Cardiovascular ailments were major cause for hospitalization (18.1%) and outpatient visit (32.0%) in the elderly. Diabetes and hypertension together constituted 55% of outpatient visit for the elderly. 18.9% of the elderly has health insurance though chances of facing catastrophic health expenditure was high in the elderly. 6.6% of elderly female and 1.6% male live alone, and 27.5% of elderly of age 80 years or above are immobile. 50% of male and 90% of female are financially dependent on others and more so in poorer economic quintiles.Conclusions: The vulnerability of India’s elderly increases across various equity dimensions which include the place of residence, gender, caste, marital status, economic quintile, living arrangements, surviving children, and economic dependence. The current COVID-19 pandemic poses a greater risk of social isolation among the elderly, which may lead to detrimental health impact.Trial Registration: No applicable since the study is based on secondary data.

scholarly journals Equity and Elderly Health in India: Reflections from 75th Round National Sample Survey, 2017-18, amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
Muraleedharan V R
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
National Sample Survey

Abstract Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, called coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19), has affected more than 200 countries across the globe with a higher fatality rate among the elderly population. Aim of the study is to highlight the vulnerability of the aged amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic, and in the light of the recent international evidence, suggests what government could do to mitigate their vulnerability. Methods: Data from the recently released (November 2019) 75 th Round National Sample Survey (NSS), which was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018, across 8077 rural villages and 6181 urban wards was used for this study. Data collected from 555115 individuals (rural: 325232; urban: 229232) included that of 42762 elderly individuals (60 years or above). Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used for the calculation. Results: 27.7 % of elderly reported suffering from any ailment in the last 15 days, whereas 8.5% had hospitalization during the last 365 days. Among the elderly, hospitalization rate was higher in the urban areas (OR: 1.23), general social category (OR: 1.18), richest economic quintile (OR: 1.69), and among those living alone (OR: 2.40). Also, among the elderly, 64% of those in the scheduled tribe (social class) and 51.0% in the poorest income quintile utilized public facilities for hospitalization. “Cardiovascular ailments” was a major cause for hospitalization (18.1%) and outpatient visit (32.0%) among the elderly. Diabetes and hypertension together constituted 55% of outpatient visit for the elderly. 18.9% of the elderly had health insurance though chances of facing catastrophic health expenditure was high among the elderly. 6.6% of elderly female and 1.6% male live alone, and 27.5% of age 80 years and above are immobile. 50% of male and 90% of female are financially dependent on others and more so in poorer economic quintiles. Conclusions: The vulnerability of India’s elderly increases across economic levels, and other dimensions such as the place of residence, gender, caste, marital status, living arrangements, surviving children, and economic dependence. The current COVID-19 pandemic poses a greater risk of social isolation among the elderly, which may cause detrimental health impact.

scholarly journals Equity and elderly health in India: reflections from 75th round National Sample Survey, 2017–18, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
V. R. Muraleedharan
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
National Sample Survey

Abstract Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, called coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19), has affected more than 200 countries across the globe with a higher fatality rate among the elderly population. Aim of the study is to highlight the vulnerability of the aged amidst the current COVID-19 pandemic, and in the light of the recent international evidence, suggests what government could do to mitigate their vulnerability. Methods Data from the recently released (November 2019) 75th Round National Sample Survey (NSS), which was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018, across 8077 rural villages and 6181 urban wards was used for this study. Data collected from 555,115 individuals (rural: 325,232; urban: 229,232) included 42,762 elderly individuals (60 years or above). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used for the calculation. Results Of the total sample of elderly individuals, 27.7% reported suffering from an ailment in the last 15 days, whereas 8.5% had been hospitalized during the last 365 days. Among the elderly, hospitalization rate was higher in the urban areas (OR: 1.23), general social category (OR: 1.18), richest economic quintile (OR: 1.69), and among those living alone (OR: 2.40). Also, among the elderly, 64% of those in the scheduled tribe (social group) and 51% in the poorest economic quintile utilized public facilities for hospitalization. Cardiovascular ailments were the major cause for hospitalization (18.1%) and outpatient visit (32%) among the elderly. Ailments related to diabetes and hypertension constituted 55% of outpatient visit for the elderly. Only 18.9% of the elderly had health insurance though chances of facing catastrophic health expenditures were high among the elderly. 6.6% of elderly female and 1.6% male live alone, and 27.5% of age 80 years and above are immobile. 50% of male and 90% of female are financially dependent on others and more so in poorer economic quintiles. Conclusions The vulnerability of India’s elderly increases across economic levels, and other dimensions such as the place of residence, gender, social group (caste), marital status, living arrangements, surviving children, and economic dependence. The current COVID-19 pandemic poses a greater risk of social isolation among the elderly, which may cause detrimental health impact. Trial registration Not applicable since the study is based on secondary data.

scholarly journals Equity and Elderly Health in India: Reflections from 75th Round National Sample Survey, 2017-18, amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Ranjan ◽  
Muraleedharan V R
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Outpatient Visit ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Income Quintile ◽  
General Category ◽  
National Sample Survey

Abstract Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, called coronavirus disease - 2019 (COVID-19), has affected more than 200 countries across the globe with a higher fatality rate in the elderly population. Historical experience shows that the pandemic disproportionately afflicts the socioeconomically disadvantaged population. Aim of the study is to highlight the vulnerability of the aged amidst the current pandemic, in the light of the recent international evidence, and what government could do to mitigate their vulnerability. Methods: Data from the recently released (November 2019) 75 th Round National Sample Survey (NSS), which was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018, across 8077 rural villages and 6181 urban wards was used for this study. Data collected from 555115 individuals (rural: 325232; urban: 229232) included that of 42762 elderly individuals (60 years or above). Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used for the calculation. Results: 27.7 % of elderly reported suffering from any ailment in the last 15 days, whereas 8.5% had hospitalization during the last 365 days. Hospitalization rate was higher in the urban areas (OR: 1.21), general category (OR: 1.18), richest economic quintile (OR: 1.68), and among elderly living alone (OR: 2.05), which was statistically significant. 64% of the scheduled tribe and 51.0% of the poorest income quintile elderly utilized public facilities during hospitalization. Cardiovascular ailments were major cause for hospitalization (18.1%) and outpatient visit (32.0%) in the elderly. Diabetes and hypertension together constituted 55% of outpatient visit for the elderly. 18.9% of the elderly has health insurance though chances of facing catastrophic health expenditure was high in the elderly. 6.6% of elderly female and 1.6% male live alone, and 27.5% of elderly of age 80 years or above are immobile. 50% of male and 90% of female are financially dependent on others and more so in poorer economic quintiles. Conclusions: The vulnerability of India’s elderly increases across various equity dimensions which include the place of residence, gender, caste, marital status, economic quintile, living arrangements, surviving children, and economic dependence. The current COVID-19 pandemic poses a greater risk of social isolation among the elderly, which may lead to detrimental health impact.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Minimum Wage on Male and Female Employment and Earnings in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhiya Menon ◽  
Yana van der Meulen Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The Impact

This study examines how employment and wages for men and women respond to changes in the minimum wage in India, a country known for its extensive system of minimum wage regulations across states and industries. Using repeated cross sections of India's National Sample Survey Organization employment survey data for the period 1983–2008 merged with a newly created database of minimum wage rates, we find that, regardless of gender, minimum wages in urban areas have little to no impact on labor market outcomes. However, minimum wage rates increase earnings in the rural sector, especially for men, without any employment losses. Minimum wage rates also increase the residual gender wage gap, which may be explained by weaker compliance among firms that hire female workers.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans Aged 80 and Older

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 153331752110429
Author(s):  
Sadaf Arefi Milani ◽  
Phillip A Cantu ◽  
Abbey B. Berenson ◽  
Yong-Fang Kuo ◽  
Kyriakos S. Markides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Design And Methods

Background and Objectives To assess gender differences in prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) among community-dwelling Mexican Americans ≥80 years. Research Design and Methods: Using data from Wave 7 (2010–2011) of the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly, we analyzed the NPS of 914 participants as determined by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) with assessments conducted by their caregivers. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to test the association of individual NPS with gender, adjusting for relevant characteristics. Results: The average age of our sample was 86.1 years, and 65.3% were women. Over 60% of participants had at least one informant/caregiver reported NPS. After adjustment, women had lower odds than men of agitation/aggression but higher odds of dysphoria/depression and anxiety. Discussion: Recognizing gender differences in NPS phenotype could help guide development of culturally appropriate NPS screening and treatment programs.

scholarly journals Co-benefits associated with public support for climate-friendly COVID-19 recovery policies and political activism

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (05) ◽  
pp. A08
Author(s):  
Jagadish Thaker ◽  
Brian Floyd
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Using Data

Scientists highlight that actions that address environmental protection and climate change can also help with reducing infectious disease threats. Results using data from a national sample survey in New Zealand indicate that perceptions of co-benefits of actions to address environmental protection that also protect against infectious disease outbreaks such as the coronavirus is associated with policy support and political engagement. This association was partly mediated through perceived collective efficacy. Local councils with higher level of community collective efficacy were more likely to declare climate emergency. Communication about potential co-benefits is likely to shape public engagement and enact policy change.

scholarly journals FINANCING SMALL FARMERS FOR INDIA’S FOOD SECURITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 196-212
Author(s):  
Amrit Patel
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Holding ◽  
Average Size

According to the Global Hunger Report, India continues to be among nations where hunger is "alarming". It is most disappointing that despite high economic growth, the hunger index in India between 1996 and 2011 has insignificantly improved from 22.9 to 23.7. National Sample Survey Organization data revealed that the average per capita food expenditure per annum during the period from 1993 to 2010 increased only by 0.2 % annually in rural India and declined by 0.1% in the urban areas. At any given point of time, the cereal intake of the bottom 20% people in rural India which is engaged more in manual work continues to be at least 20% less than the cereal intake of the top decile of the population, despite their better access to fruit, vegetables and meat products. Endemic hunger continues to afflict a large proportion of the population. Agricultural Census [2010–11] revealed that out of 138.35 million operational holdings in India as high as 85% (which account for 44.6% of the total cultivated area) are small and marginal farmers [S&MFs] owning less than two hectares. This, therefore, characterises India’s agriculture a small-scale-farming. Average size of small-holding is only 0.61 hectare whereas overall average size of holdings declined from 1.33 ha in 2000–01 to 1.15 in 2010–11.The role of S&MFs in boosting food output and reduction of poverty is well recognized. Therefore, the future of sustainable agricultural growth, food security and poverty reduction in India depends on creating environment that enables huge number of S&MFs to easy, hassle-free and reliable access to institutional credit. Against this background, this article analyses the performance of Government–sponsored and Banks programs aimed at financing S&MFs and suggest enabling measures to achieve 8% target of credit to S&MFs within existing 18% credit to agriculture by 2017 as recently prescribed by the Reserve Bank of India [RBI].

scholarly journals Political Correlates of Apophatic and Cataphatic Listening Styles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eike Mark Rinke ◽  
Patricia Moy
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Test ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Normative Concepts ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Critical Error ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
And Task

While it is a truism that political voice is a cornerstone of democratic theory, less theorizing has focused on its counterpart, political listening. Drawing upon research related to listening practices, this study operationalizes for empirical study Dobson’s (2014) normative concepts of apophatic listening, which is dialogic and facilitates discussion across lines of difference, and cataphatic listening, which is monologic and disruptive in nature. Using data from a national sample survey of Latinos fielded shortly after the 2016 U.S. presidential election (N = 720), we provide an empirical test of these listening practices’ democratic value by examining how relational and analytical listening (dimensions of apophatic practices) and task-oriented and critical listening (dimensions of cataphatic practices) are associated with various political outcomes, including political interest, knowledge, trust, and participation. Findings indicate that, from a normative point of view, task-oriented listening was unrelated or negatively related to political outcomes while relational listening had ambivalent relations. However, the two cognitive-epistemic dimensions of both types of listening – analytical listening and critical (error-seeking) listening – were both strongly and positively related to most studied political outcomes. These findings offer nuanced evidence that apophatic and cataphatic listening might not necessarily be at odds with each other where democratically desirable outcomes are concerned.

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