A Review of Models for Estimation of Moisture Evaporation Rate from Clothes Inside a Clothes Dryer

2021 ◽  
pp. 2130001
Author(s):  
Mehdi Rasti ◽  
Ji Hwan Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Moisture Evaporation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Accurate Model ◽  
Effectiveness Model ◽  
Dimensionless Correlations

Heat pump tumble dryers, air-vented dryers and condenser dryers are widely used as clothes dryers. Clothes dryers use hot air to absorb moisture from textiles to get them dry after a wash by passing drying air through the drum. To simulate the drying process of clothes in the drum and to obtain the moisture evaporation rate, it is necessary to use an accurate model to predict the moisture transfer coefficient from the textile to the air in the drum as well as the mass transfer area between the drying air and the textile. In this study, a comprehensive review of the literature on the prediction of the moisture evaporation rate inside the drum of a clothes dryers was conducted. It was found that researchers generally used constant values, fitting models, dimensionless correlations, and Chilton–Colburn analogy to predict the area–mass transfer coefficient. Moreover, few researchers used the effectiveness model for the prediction of moisture evaporation rate. The comprehensive review of the literature showed that all of the previous models for prediction of the moisture evaporation rate have some limitations in terms of generality or accuracy. Therefore, the development of a new accurate model for prediction of the moisture evaporation rate inside the drum of clothes dryers is crucial.

Aluminium Evaporation from Titanium Alloys in the VIM Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Oleksiak ◽  
Leszek Blacha ◽  
Lubomir Pikna ◽  
Rafał Burdzik
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Vacuum Induction Furnace ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Kinetics Of

In the paper, results of the study on aluminium evaporation from the Ti-Al alloy (6.5%mass) during smelting in a vacuum induction furnace (VIM) are presented as well as the kinetics of the process is discussed. The experiments were performed at 51000 Pa for 1972 K and 2023 K. Based on the determined values of aluminium overall mass transfer coefficient, the mass transfer coefficient in the liquid phase and the evaporation rate constant, the stages that determined the investigated process were defined. It was demonstrated that Al evaporation from the aluminium-titanium alloy is kinetically controlled.

scholarly journals Moisture transfer of the clothing–human body system during continuous sweating under radiant heat

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4537-4553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manhao Guan ◽  
Simon Annaheim ◽  
Martin Camenzind ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Sumit Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sweat Evaporation

Mass transfer due to perspired moisture in a clothing system is critical for the understanding of thermo-physiology and thermal protection of a clothed body. Previous studies usually investigated moisture transfer without considering the effect of liquid sweating or external heat hazards. To understand the mechanisms of sweat evaporation, accumulation and dripping with continuous sweating under radiant heat, a multi-phase experiment was designed with a sweating Torso. The concept of clothed wettedness was proposed to understand sweat evaporation of the clothed body. Results showed that the evaporation rate of the clothed body increased with increasing perspiration rate and the rate increase can be explained by the material properties (e.g., material composition, hydrophilicity and evaporative resistance ([Formula: see text])), which affected the sweat accumulation ability. Results also demonstrated a dual relationship of [Formula: see text] with the evaporation rate of the clothed body. Firstly, the evaporation rate was increased for greater [Formula: see text] due to the higher moisture accumulation. Secondly, when [Formula: see text] exceeded a certain value, the evaporation rate decreased with greater [Formula: see text] due to the reduction in the mass transfer coefficient. For radiant heat exposure, evaporated sweat may condense on the skin surface, decreasing the evaporation rate and increasing the dripping rate. The sweat transfer process was also investigated in detail by the combined analysis of the sweat transfer rate and the evaporative cooling efficiency. This study provides insights into how continuous liquid sweat transfers and evaporates in the clothed body and its interaction with clothing material and environment radiant heat, contributing to the understanding of thermo-physiological burden and thermal protection of the clothed body with intensive activities.

Time-Out: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Nida ◽  
Arona R. Muckenfuss ◽  
D. Michelle Turner ◽  
Kipling D. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Time Out

Hydrocephalus in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetendra P. Sah ◽  
Aaron W. Abrams ◽  
Geetha Chari ◽  
Craig Linden ◽  
Yaacov Anziska
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Communicating Hydrocephalus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this article, we reported a case of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I noted to have tetraventricular hydrocephalus with Blake's pouch cyst at 8 months of age following intrathecal nusinersen therapy. The association of hydrocephalus with SMA is rarely reported in the literature. Development of hydrocephalus after intrathecal nusinersen therapy is also reported in some cases, but a cause–effect relationship is not yet established. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of a patient with SMA type I and hydrocephalus, to review similar cases reported in the literature, and to explore the relationship between nusinersen therapy and development of hydrocephalus. The clinical presentation and radiographic findings of the patient are described and a comprehensive review of the literature was conducted. The adverse effect of communicating hydrocephalus related to nusinersen therapy is being reported and the authors suggest carefully monitoring for features of hydrocephalus developing during the course of nusinersen therapy.

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