The Strategic Urban Project Approach for Informal Settlement Upgrading in Brazil, Colombia and Indonesia: Vision, Action and Partnership

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650017
Author(s):  
Yanliu LIN
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Urban Project

The strategic urban project (SUP) approach has become an important mode of urban renewal in both developed and developing contexts. In the last few decades, the application of this approach has been extended from flagship projects at key locations in Western countries, to informal settlement upgrading in developing countries. However, there is a lack of a clear conceptual framework for meaningful understanding of the achievements and limitations of SUPs in the context of informal settlement upgrading. Our understanding of how the SUP approach deals with the issues of informal settlements is limited. This paper fills the research gap by developing such a framework and applying it to compare three representative cases, namely the Favela–Bairro Programme in Rio de Janeiro, the Social Urbanism Strategy in Medellin, and the Kampung Improvement Programme (KIP) in Surabaya.

scholarly journals Land Readjustment for Regularization of Informal Settlements

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Robina Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Tenure Security ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
The Social ◽  
Land Readjustment

Regularization of informal settlements involves the process of legalization of tenure and upgrading of public services and infrastructures through land development. However, some settlement manages to get the services from formal authorities but lags legal tenure security. Legalization of tenure security is important so as to reduce their threat of eviction from formal authorities and improvement of their living standard. Various land development tools involves upgrading of public services and development of infrastructures but legalization of tenure security is left behind. Land development and legalization of tenure security both are the important components for regularization of informal settlements and recognize as formal settlements. Land readjustment is the tool or technique commonly used for the land development in Nepal. Thus this paper aims to indentify the applicability of land readjustment in regularization of informal settlement. In Nepal, there are prominent numbers of informal settlements along the river banks and also in urban core areas. Chadani tole along the Bagmati River is taken as a case study and analysis of applicability of land readjustment under the social and legal condition for regularization is carried out. This research has adopted both desk research and case study methodology. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis is adopted in this study. The results of research reveal that public participation and long term occupancy are the social positive aspects for the application of LR in informal settlements. Lack of land registration, legal recognition and development regulations are the legal hurdles for the application of LR in informal settlements. Land registration of informal settlement has not been done in Nepal which is important aspect for application of LR. Thus land registration of Nepal should include the components of STDM for the pro poor land registration and recognition of social tenure to informal settlements. Applicability of LR is difficult due to the lack of sufficient area. So to address the issue and ascertain the rights of dwellers to live in the same area, high rise apartments can be adopted.

Propulsions

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Thomas Asher ◽  
Steve Ouma Akoth
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Global South ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Social Cooperation ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
The Social

Abstract This essay foregrounds mobility in cities in the global South in order to recast our current understanding of how informal settlements function and how residents of these neighborhoods navigate increasingly feral economies. Focusing largely on an informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya, the piece explores the social worlds animated by mobility, bringing renewed attention to social and spatial practices. These include strategies of economic and social cooperation used by residents to spatially constitute communities, imbue them with meaning, and in the process create ladders to opportunity. The essay also demonstrates that when development agencies and advocates of the urban poor operate without a sociological understanding of the role of mobility, the results can be devastating.

scholarly journals Slum Sanitation and the Social Determinants of Women’s Health in Nairobi, Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Corburn ◽  
Chantal Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Women And Girls

Inadequate urban sanitation disproportionately impacts the social determinants of women’s health in informal settlements or slums. The impacts on women’s health include infectious and chronic illnesses, violence, food contamination and malnutrition, economic and educational attainment, and indignity. We used household survey data to report on self-rated health and sociodemographic, housing, and infrastructure conditions in the Mathare informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya. We combined quantitative survey and mapping data with qualitative focus group information to better understand the relationships between environmental sanitation and the social determinants of women and girls’ health in the Mathare slum. We find that an average of eighty-five households in Mathare share one toilet, only 15% of households have access to a private toilet, and the average distance to a public toilet is over 52 meters. Eighty-three percent of households without a private toilet report poor health. Mathare women report violence (68%), respiratory illness/cough (46%), diabetes (33%), and diarrhea (30%) as the most frequent physical burdens. Inadequate, unsafe, and unhygienic sanitation results in multiple and overlapping health, economic, and social impacts that disproportionately impact women and girls living in urban informal settlements.

scholarly journals Transformation of Informal Settlements: Case of Cape Vert

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Amado ◽  
Francesca Poggi ◽  
Adriana Martins ◽  
Nuno Vieira ◽  
António Ribeiro Amado
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Public Lands ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Settlement Areas

The non-existence of a land ownership database in most of the developing countries moves the inhabitants to the occupation of public lands. Some of this situation are the origin to areas of informal housing, commerce and agriculture and in the end into new ​​informal settlements. Informal settlements become a serious problem in developing countries. The most common typology of informal settlements is that they are the population settled in public lands without any infrastructures and against the administrator's will. Thought this action the result in an uncontrolled land occupation process that promotes new informal areas without any proper built-up utilities, located in risk areas on the territory, barely ensuring the minimum requirements for a heaty living of the population and in various cases incentives to an informal economy. The process of build a cadastral map in informal settlement areas is a fundamental base to support the future transformation of illegal areas and to regulate the occupation of new subdivision planning and into the creation of new expansion areas. In this paper, it is presented a methodology developed to be applied to support a new register of land and to management. The transformation of informal settlement areas. The model to register the land tenure has been associated with allows the process application to multiple typology of informal settlements. The model to register land tenure has developed on a series of qualitative and quantitative data that determine the identification and classification of the buildings and its physical and functional description. The model was developed using Geographic Information System and with an initial survey of existing land titles of possession and public proposals to develop new expansion areas. A case study of the method is presented, where the land management model was implemented - Chã da Caldeiras in Ilha do Fogo an informal settlement in Cape Verde. The results are a great acceptance of the proposal by the population and local authorities and the starting of the implementation phase.

scholarly journals Trading Facilities and Socio-spatial Character of Informal Settlements: The Case of Mlalakuwa in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Mbisso ◽  
Shubira L. Kalugila
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Trading Activities

Informal settlements constitute the largest means of habitation in the urbanizing world especially in the developing countries. In Dar es Salaam, informal settlements serve over 75% of the population. Among the often-mentioned characteristics of informal settlements include the dominance of informal economic activities. In particular, spaces for trading activities are observed to be randomly distributed in the informal settlements as they serve for the everyday life of its dwellers.However, little had been studied and analysed on the role of trading in shaping socio-spatial character of informal settlements. The aforesaid called for the need to investigate the underlying trading processes and products that characterise the setting of informal settlements. Using Mlalakuwa settlement in Dar es Salaam as a case, this paper maps and analyzes the social and institutional context of trading facilities and the resulting spatial character of informal settlements. One of the key findings in this paper is that trading activities along the main roads transform most of the bounding residential houses into trading facilities. The nature and character of trading facilities appear to define the spatial character of informal settlements in the context of the coexistence of formal and informal systems.

scholarly journals Transforming Cape Vert Informal Settlements

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Amado ◽  
Francesca Poggi ◽  
Adriana Martins ◽  
Nuno Vieira ◽  
Antonio Amado
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Initial Survey ◽  
Settlement Areas

The lack of land ownership databases in developing countries has influenced inhabitants of these countries to occupy public lands. This situation has resulted in areas of informal housing, commerce, and agriculture, ultimately creating new informal settlements, which are becoming a serious problem in developing countries. These informal settlements contain inhabitants settled on public land without any infrastructure and against the landowner’s wishes. This process results in uncontrolled land occupation that promotes new informal areas without any proper urban utilities, positioned in risky areas, where the minimum requirements for healthy living are not being met. In some cases, this incentivizes an informal economy. Building a cadastral map in informal settlement areas is fundamental to supporting the future transformation of illegal areas, and in regulating the occupation of new subdivisions and new expansion areas. In this paper, we present a methodology developed to support the management of informal settlement areas. The method we used has the potential for replication so that it can be adapted to multiple types of informal settlements, as can the model used to register the land tenure. The model was developed using a series of qualitative and quantitative data that determine the identification and classification of buildings, along with a physical and functional description. A Geographic Information System, an initial survey of existing land titles of possession, and public proposals to develop new expansion areas were used to develop the model. A case study is presented where the land management model was implemented in Chã da Caldeiras in Ilha do Fogo, which is an informal settlement in Cape Verde. The proposal created using the results was accepted by the population and local authorities.

Nová etapa vo vývoji inštitucionalizácie inovačných procesov: grassroots inovácie

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Hrivnák ◽  
Katarína Melichová ◽  
Oľga Roháčiková
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Institutional Form ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Considerable Heterogeneity ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Institutional Unit

A simple sectoral division of socio-economic actors into four basic sectors is no longer enough today. With the liberalization of social processes and the growth of the dynamics of innovative and creative communities, new, often inter-sectoral, in terms of institutional form hybrid, community (bottom-up) projects and organizations based around concrete innovative projects, can be observed in the conditions of both developed and developing countries. This projects can through new solutions and the pressure to shift the social change, facilitate the mitigation of specific local sectoral and cross-sectoral problems, or partially contribute to solving global challenges by activating the interest of local society. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the existing approaches to the definition of the institutional unit "grassroot" innovation and to define the basic conceptual framework for their further research.The results of the synthesis of foreign knowledge suggest that the considerable heterogeneity of grassrots innovations requires the study of this phenomenon at the multi-disciplinary level, while it is necessary to clearly define them and systematically monitor them at the level of state authorities.

Besoins Informationnels dans les Démarches Urbaines: Fragmentation, Complexité et Stratégies d’Acteurs

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smail Khainnar
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Urban Project

Dans une démarche du projet urbain, la multiplicité d’acteurs, la nature complexe de l’objet urbain, les temporalités générées par la démarche, constituent autant d’éléments qui complexifient le déroulement et l’issue de la démarche. L’objet de cette étude est d’identifier les besoins informationnels qui servent à faire avancer le travail des acteurs impliqués. In an urban project approach, the multiplicity of actors, the complex nature of the urban object, the temporalities generated by this approach, constitute as many elements complexifying the course and the success of this approach. The object of this study is to identify the information needs which are used to enhance the work of the implied actors.

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