Regionální konvergence v příjmech v rámci odvětví české ekonomiky

The aim of this contribution is to assess the development of regional disparities in income within the sectors of Czech economy. Based on the average compensations of employees per hours worked, the sectoral structure is assessed at the level of 6 individual industries and 5 aggregated industrial groups. The research is carried out at the level of self-governing regions in 1995-2018. The sigma convergence approach is proceed to analyse the disparity processes. The analysis showed that individual sectors have very different positions in the economy in terms of both the share and dynamics of changes. Moreover, in the pre-crisis period (before 2008) the level and dynamics of variability were higher in most sectors. The results suggest that regional disparities in income are converging in most sectors; however, disparities are stable at the level of the whole economy. This development is a result of absence of convergence or divergence processes in sectors with large and growing shares on the structure of economy. On the other hand, the share of the converging sectors is stable or rather declining, while the convergence tendencies proceed with a very low intensity. Higher intensity of convergence process is achieved only by very minor sectors of economy.

Regionální rozdíly v dárcovství firem na území Česka

The aim of this paper is to examine regional and industrial differentiation in the rate of corporate giving in the period 2002-2016. The methodology consists of calculating the ratios between the variables – donors, the number of legal entities in regions and territorial branches of tax offices. The highest donor ratios were found in the Zlín, Pardubice, and Moravian-Silesian Region, the lowest in the capital city of Prague and the Karlovy Vary Region. At microregional level the highest donor ratios were found in the eastern parts of Bohemia and Moravia, while south-western Bohemian regions and southern Moravian regions showed lower numbers. Major cities (Praha, Brno, Ostrava) scored lower than their suburban areas, which may be due to the tendency of some entities to move to the centres in an effort to escape the reach of the tax inspections. This phenomenon, on the other hand, is not so evident in smaller regional centres. This paper confirms that the number of donors (or donor ratio) in the regions remains stable over time, but it is responsive to the external shocks (floods 2002, economic crisis 2008).

Priestorové disparity socio-patologického javu kvality života na príklade kriminality v Bratislavskom samosprávnom kraji

The quality of life of the people is a broad spectrum area of scientific research. It is measured through 9 indicators, which include an indicator of physical and economic security, which includes a negative phenomenon - criminality. The aim of the paper is spatial analysis of criminality as one of the elements of quality of life in the Bratislava self-governing region (BSR) in four areas (violent, moral, property and economic), as well as a comparison of the crimes of the capital cities Bratislava and Prague. The basic tool of data processing is comparative analysis and techniques in GIS and Excel programs. Most criminal acts in Slovakia are committed in BSR and in Bratislava. The highest number is recorded in property crime, especially car robbery committed and car theft. 18.6% of all criminal offences in Slovakia were committed in BSR (69,635 in 2016). 56.7% were cleared up and only 43% in BSR. Although the Czech capital, Prague, has a population three times bigger than Bratislava, it has only two times larger amount of crimes per 1,000 inhabitants. In recount of 1,000 inhabitants Bratislava exceeds Prague in violent crime, which we consider to be a serious socio-pathological phenomenon of society which reflects in the quality of life of its inhabitants.

The importance of cooperation of tourism organizations at the regional level

According to the results from OECD countries, the position of the tourism sector in Slovakia has been unfavourable for a long time. Tourism in Slovakia is managed in a decentralized way, which is legally and financially supported in certain forms. Support is largely conditional on cooperation. Such an example is the support of the creation and activities of regional tourism organizations. In this paper, we will examine the economic significance and justification of cooperation among entities that are members of regional tourism organizations, by determining the relationship between the number of these organizations and the amount of revenue divided into four categories at the regional level. In this work we used multiple regression and correlation analysis. Based on their results, we identified the performance of companies according to the categories of achieved revenues. The results suggest that the most productive companies are companies with revenues ranging from 100000-500000 Euros per year. The paper also offers a framework of questions for further research related to sector governance, as well as an awareness of the importance and significance of cooperation.

Evaluace politiky cestovního ruchu ČR za období 2014-2020

The paper deals with the evaluation of the state tourism policy of the Czech Republic. Primarily it focuses on the accomplishment of the strategic document the Concept of the State Tourism Policy of the Czech Republic for 2014-2020. The activities related to particular measures are examined and as well as the implementation of tools used by the state tourism policy is analysed. The state tourism policy of the Czech Republic is also confronted with the theoretical background. Therefore, the attention is paid to the decision-making process, the legitimacy of state interference in tourism and the role of the state in tourism policy. It is emphasized that external factors (e.g. global trends or COVID-19) have an impact on the decision-making process and the direction of tourism policy. The paper is based on the qualitative analysis of documents, which is supported by the analysis of secondary data sources.

Práca s internetom ako indikátor počítačovej gramotnosti obyvateľstva Slovenska

Computer literacy affects all areas of human life, and our subsequent control is almost inevitable nowadays. Due to the rapid growth of scientific knowledge and development of information and communication technologies, significant changes are taking place in individual countries. New technologies are coming to the fore through which there is an increase in country's economy, employment as well as labor productivity. To some extent, this fact is influenced by the ability of basic computer skills. This aspect is also important in terms of regional development at the national, regional and local level. The aim of the paper is to characterize selected indicator of computer literacy - internet work at three levels of Slovakia (state, district and municipality). The paper will be based by data from the Statistical Office of the European Union and Statistical Office of the Slovak republic. The methods of analysis, synthesis as well as graphical and cartographic methods will be the main methods used in the paper. Based on the achieved results, it can be stated that Slovakia achieved an average of 51.4 % in the development of internet use. It is very just above the EU average. At the regional level, the highest rate of internet use is manifested in the western part of Slovakia. At the local level in the case of the Nitra district, the internet was mostly used in the hinterland of the city of Nitra.

Dynamika regionálních inovačních systémů ve střední a východní Evropě

This article examines regional innovation systems in Central and Eastern Europe, with particular attention to the regions with the highest innovation success. The articles also include a discussion of the presence of elements and dynamic of regional innovation systems in these countries. The Innovation performance of regions in Central and Eastern Europe is analyzed and selected progressive regions are further examined in terms of partial innovation and socio-economic indicators. Data on regions were obtained from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 201at the NUTS II level. Detailed analysis is possible through a case study of the Malopolskie region. The analysis focuses primarily on the causes of the region's innovative progress, including the setting of favorable conditions for SMEs and the associated high cluster activity, the commercialization of research and the dissemination of external knowledge. On the basis of the overall analysis, RIS in Central and Eastern Europe are far below RIS in Western and Northern Europe and their results are very low compared to these regions.

Změna investičních nákladů regionálních rozvojových projektů

The aim of the paper is to verify whether there is an increase in the amount of investment costs in regional development projects between the time of decision and completion of implementation. This assumption was not confirmed in the evaluated set of 911 projects implemented with the support from the Regional Operational Programme South-East in 2008-2015 in the South Moravian Region and the Vysočina Region. The average difference in investment costs is -3.7%, it means decrease of the investment costs. In terms of the identification of causes, only a slight dependence on the length of implementation was documented. Dependence on investment volume for projects up to CZK 100.0 million was not confirmed. The largest increase in investment costs was documented for projects implemented by the private sector (average increase in investment costs by 17%). A likely cause is the effort of the private sector to maximize the use of subsidies.

Nabídková strana lokalizace z pohledu českých měst

Location analyses usually assess urban and regional milieu from the perspective of investors. This demand side is rather important for location processes. Nonetheless, supply side embodying spatially differentiated location factors of particular territories is significant too. The objective of the article is to show factors that towns of the Czech Republic offer to potential investors on the one hand and factors that these towns deem as relevant for investors. The article leans upon the research that was accomplished in 2019. The whole text is supported by an extensive questionnaire survey. It is worth noticing location factors towns deem important for investors differ from these that are offered by towns to investors. Among the factors provided by individual towns to potential investors, so-called soft factors of location played a relevant role. This is compliant with contemporary modernisation tendencies shaping the qualities of space.

Effects of municipal housing policy on urban development

Housing policy on municipal level is in the Czech realm neither thoroughly analysed, nor systematically performed. Policymakers lack basic data-base for taking competent decisions. This study shall establish a base for further discussion on factors, effects and importance of municipal housing policy for urban development. A comparative analysis of three Czech cities has been performed with the aim to answer the questions what explains a housing policy, whether and how housing policy may impact urban development (factors) and what the effects are. This study proved that housing policy does have an impact on urban development and that this fact is not clearly reflected in the Czech multilevel governance. The relevance of multiple socio-economic factors of housing policy for urban development has been examined. From the identified effects of these factors, a set of hypotheses for further research has been developed. The study consists of four parts. The first one frames housing policy in a context of place-based regional theories and explains the Czech system of multilevel governance in this field. The second section explains the use of comparative analysis and the selection of indicators as well as the collected data. The third part comments on obtained data and the final one draws suggestions for further research of academics and better decisions of policymakers.