Comparing the Relative Efficiency of Irrigation Unions in Antalya, Turkey: A Data Envelopment Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450005
Author(s):  
Betul Sayin ◽  
Ibrahim Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

This study was conducted to measure the efficiency level of irrigation unions in the Antalya Province of Turkey. An input-oriented data envelopment model, a linear programming procedure, was used to measure the relative efficiency scores of irrigation unions. Research results showed that technical efficiency (TE) scores varied between 0.39 and 1.00 and the mean TE score was 0.85. Based on the results of decomposition, the pure TE and scale efficiency were 0.81 and 0.95, respectively and the main source of inefficiency in the research area was pure TE. 47% of the examined unions had constant returns to scale, while that of decreasing returns to scale was 53%. The study also revealed that the irrigation area sustainability ratio and the ratio of energy cost in total expenses of technically efficient unions were lower than that of inefficient ones. The study suggested that restoration and modernization efforts should be initiated in order to enhance the efficiency level in the long term. Designing training for the managers and workers of the irrigation unions, adjusting the unions based on the fluctuation in energy market and declining the leakage of the irrigation system may be beneficial to increase the TE.

scholarly journals Does Access to Modern Marketing Channels Improve Dairy Enterprises’ Efficiency? A Case Study of Punjab, Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-82
Author(s):  
Sana Sadaf ◽  
Khalid Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

The main objective of this study is to investigate how access to modern marketing channels impacts the efficiency of dairy enterprises. Using data on dairy farms in central Punjab (Sargodha), we carry out a nonparametric data envelopment analysis to measure their technical and scale efficiencies. The results show that, for the sample dairy enterprises, the mean technical efficiency under variable returns to scale was 0.89 while scale efficiency was 0.94. The results of a follow-on regression analysis support the hypothesis that the access to modern marketing channels, where payment for fresh milk is based on measured milk quality (fat content), improved efficiency. We find that efficiency is positively affected by the size of dairy operations, and negatively by the size of operational land area. Moreover, dairy enterprises with smaller herds tend to operate at a suboptimal scale, possibly due to credit and/or land constraints.

scholarly journals Applying data envelopment analysis to operating performance in textile industry

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Ho
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

Abstract Operating performance could affect the survival and future development of a business that both businesses and business managers would devote to the enhancement of operating performance. Having developed for more than four decades, the consistent upstream, mid-stream and downstream system have been constructed in domestic textile industry. The output value of textiles in Taiwan has exceeded 480 billion NT dollars, which is not a sunset industry, as generally described. The impacts of high labour cost, environmental protection measures and changes of capital market as well as the competition of emerging countries, particularly Mainland China, have made textile industry in Taiwan face great market competition and pressure. Since textiles are regarded as one of the major products in Taiwan, the operating performance could affect the survival of the overall industry. In this case, operating performance survey of textile manufacturers in Taiwan during 2010–2012 is combined with Data Envelopment Analysis and Slack Variable Analysis to measure the total efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of top 12 textile manufacturers in Taiwan, tending to provide the reference of operating efficiency improvement for the manufacturers. The empirical results show that the overall efficiency in the 3 years appears 0.89 averagely. The relative efficiency (1) between two manufacturers, Far Eastern New Century and Ruentex Industries, achieves the optimal operating efficiency, whereas the remaining 10 are comparatively worse. Regarding the analysis of returns to scale, two textile manufacturers present constant returns to scale, with the optimal operating efficiency, whereas the remaining 10 show increasing returns to scale, revealing that expanding the scale could enhance the marginal return and further promote the efficiency.

scholarly journals Influence of Constant Returns to Scale and Variable Returns to Scale Data Envelopment Analysis Models in ICT Infrastructure Efficiency Utilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-181
Author(s):  
Yinka Oyerinde ◽  
Felix Bankole
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
Policy Direction ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

A lot of research has been done using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure efficiency in Education. DEA has also been used in the field of Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) to investigate and measure the efficiency of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) investments on Human Development. Education is one of the major components of the Human Development Index (HDI) which affects the core of Human Development. This research investigates the relative efficiency of ICT Infrastructure Utilization on the educational component of the HDI in order to determine the viability of Learning Analytics using DEA for policy direction and decision making. A conceptual model taking the form of a Linear Equation was used and the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) and Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) models of the Data Envelopment Analysis were employed to measure the relative efficiency of the components of ICT Infrastructure (Inputs) and the components of Education (Outputs). Results show a generally high relative efficiency of ICT Infrastructure utilization on Educational Attainment and Adult Literacy rates, a strong correlation between this Infrastructure and Literacy rates as well, provide an empirical support for the argument of increasing ICT infrastructure to provide an increase in Human Development, especially within the educational context. The research concludes that DEA as a methodology can be used for macroeconomic decision making and policy direction within developmental research.

scholarly journals Application of Window Malmquist Index for Examination of Efficiency Change of Czech Commercial Banks

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-190
Author(s):  
Iveta Palecková
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

Abstract The aim of the paper is to apply the Window Malmquist index approach to examine the efficiency change of Czech commercial banks within the period 2004-2013. We used the Data Envelopment Analysis and theWindow Malmquist index approaches to estimate the efficiency change of Czech commercial banks. The average efficiency computed under the assumption of constant returns to scale was 73% and under the assumption of variable returns to scale the value was 83%. We estimated the average positive efficiency growth of Czech commercial banks during the period 2004-2013. We found that average scale efficiency was 88%, which means that Czech commercial banks were of an inappropriate size, especially the largest banks.

Measuring the financial efficiencies and performances of Turkish funds

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gökgöz
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Programming Technique ◽  
Dea Models ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

Measuring the financial efficiencies of mutual funds in emerging markets has played an important role in finance literature. Charnes et al. (1978) advocated Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a valuable mathematical programming technique, which is used to measure the technical, pure and scale efficiencies of decision making units. The general form of DEA is the CCR model that depends on the assumption of constant returns to scale. Subsequently, Banker et al. (1984) developed an alternative DEA model which includes a variable returns to scale approach. The aim of this study is to measure and compare the financial efficiencies of Turkish securities and pension funds in the 2006–2007 period. In this respect, 36 securities mutual funds (SMFs) and 41 pension mutual funds (PMFs) have been evaluated comparatively according to classical portfolio performance measures and DEA models. Results from performance indices and DEA models reveal that PMFs have higher portfolio performances and financial efficiencies than SMFs in the 2006–2007 period. However, SMFs and PMFs have shown considerable increases in efficiency in the 2006–2007 period according to CCR and BCC models. Of the 77 funds studied, 23 funds in 2007 and 20 funds in 2006 demonstrated scale efficiency. Furthermore, the input ratios should be considerably improved for 2006 and 2007. But, mostly the output values of the funds were found to have remained unchanged in the case of PMFs and SMFs in 2007. The output ratios for 2006 should be considerably improved, especially in the case of SMFs. Finally, the DEA method is evaluated as a substantial quantitative tool for investors in analysing the financial efficiencies of funds in the capital markets.

scholarly journals Measuring Tourism Efficiency of European Countries by Using Data Envelopment Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halenur Soysal-Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

This study aims to measure relative efficiency of 29 European countries with the data of the year 2013 using input-oriented and constant returns to scale Data Envelopment Analysis and to offer improvement suggestions for the countries found inefficient based on their measured relative efficiency scores. Three input and three output variables are used to assess relative performances of the countries. In this study, tourism expenses, number of employees and number of beds are used as input variables; tourism receipts, tourist arrivals and number of nights spent are used as output variables. As the result of the analysis, 16 countries are found relatively efficient and 13 countries are found relatively inefficient. This study is one of the few publications within the scope of European countries based on data envelopment analysis. Unlike most researches evaluating the efficiency of tourism establishments at the micro level, this paper is thought to contribute to the related literature as it evaluates relative efficiency of the countries at the macro level for tourism industry. Considering the variables used in the analysis, it is expected to give ideas to relatively inefficient European countries on efficiency improvement.

scholarly journals Applying DEA in Analysing the Efficiency of Top Manufacturing Companies in Pakistan

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Izah Mohd Tahir ◽  
Mehran Ali Memon
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

The efficiency of manufacturing companies is one of the critical elements for its competitiveness in the domestic as well as international markets. Previous research on efficiency measurement usually adopts Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Therefore this paper is aimed to analyse the efficiency of 14 top manufacturing companies in Pakistan for a five year period from 2006 to 2010. Data of top 14 manufacturing companies are gathered from OSIRIS database. DEA method is applied using both the Constant Returns to Scale (CCR) and Variable Returns to Scale (BCC) models to find the overall efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency. In this paper we use two input variables (total expenses and total assets) and two output variables (sales and profit before tax). The results under CCR method show that only one company is considered technically efficient while the average overall technical efficiency varies from 0.64 to 0.99. Company number 5 (NRL) demonstrates the best performance for all years under study.

scholarly journals Efficiency and productivity of Vietnamese pangasius processing and exporting firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Ngọc Duy
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Exporting Firms ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

This study aims to measure the efficiency and productivity of Vietnamese pangasius processing and exporting firms, using variables of assets and liabilities in 2009-2014. The results show that the average resource use efficiency of the firms in this period is about 67.7% with a constant returns-to-scale, 79.4% with a variable returns-to-scale, and a scale efficiency (SE) of 85.5%. Firms need to increase their efficiency by 14.5% to achieve the optimal SE. More than half of the firms have efficiency lower than the industry average, suggesting that they were wasting their asset and liability resources, especially the long-term debt. The improvement of technical efficiency and technological advancement on average help increase total factor productivity by 14.1%. About 40% of firms experienced a decline in average productivity and 60% experienced an increase. This research, therefore, recommends firms to use there resources economically or efficiently, especially the long-term debt. In addition, firms also need to improve their technology to boost productivity, thereby enhancing their competitiveness.

scholarly journals DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS (DEA) APPROACH FOR ASSESSING TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND SCALE EFFICIENCY OF BROILER FARMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
Fardos A.M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

This study was surveyed and evaluated technical, economic and scale efficiency of broiler farms in Egypt using DEA technique. So as to accomplish the specified aim, stratified random sampling technique was utilized to gather information from 150 broiler farms. The results showed that mean technical efficiencies of broiler farms were 0.915 and 0.985 under constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) respectively, implying that on average the farms could reduce input utilization by 8.5% and 1.5% for production level of output to be technically efficient. Notably, 48.7% of the farms were estimated fully technical efficient under VRS-model. The mean allocative and economic efficiency of the farms were assessed as 0.941 and 0.918 respectively, with only 2% of the farms were fully allocative and economic efficient. Furthermore, the average scale efficiency was 0.929 with the majority of broiler farms (82%) were operating with increasing returns to scale. The estimated Tobit regression showed that farmer's age, education, experience, access to extension services, and level of training were the most significant variables contributing to the disparities in efficiency of broiler farms. Such results are useful for extension workers and policy makers so as to guide policies towards expanding efficiency. 

scholarly journals Efficiency Analysis of East Asian Zinc Smelters and the Effects of Capacity and Bonus Zinc on Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha Park ◽  
Daecheol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Iron Aluminum ◽  
Tobit Regression Analysis ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale

Non-ferrous metals are widely used as basic materials in various industrial fields, and zinc is a metal that is produced and used next to iron, aluminum, and copper. In this study, DEA (data envelopment analysis) was applied to measure the efficiency of 43 zinc smelters in three countries in East Asia: Korea, China, and Japan. The constant returns to scale (CRS) and the variable returns to scale (VRS) models, and the slack-based measure (SBM) were used for the analysis. As a result of the efficiency analysis, there were three efficient zinc smelters in the CRS model, 14 in the VRS model and 14 in the SBM. The average efficiency was 0.458 based on the SBM, which indicates that there is room for improvement in efficiency. In addition, the average scale efficiency value was 0.689, showing the scale to be inefficient. Therefore, it can be seen that the labor cost and the energy cost must be brought to an appropriate level. The Tobit regression analysis was used to analyze the causes of efficiency. The greater the capacity and the larger amount of bonus Zn of the refinery, the higher the efficiency of the refinery.

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