Effects of Nozzle Configuration on Flow Characteristics inside DC Plasma Torch

A magneto-hydrodynamic(MHD) model of magnetic controlled DC plasma torch is presented. The model includes the Navier-Stokes and the energy equations modified by the addition of some source terms, which reflect the Lorentz force due to the self-induced and the external magnetic fields, the radiative cooling and the Joule heating. In addition, the generalized Ohm's law, and the Maxwell's equations are also modeled. The MHD model is solved with the software FLUENT . The distribution of the velocity in the torch is obtained. The results show that the larger the current size of external current-carrying solenoid coil is , the greater the radial velocity and swirl velocity in the torch outlet are.

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Energy balance for a DC plasma torch

The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1002/cjce.5450580206 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 171-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Azhar Bokari ◽

Maher Boulos

Keyword(s):

Energy Balance ◽

Plasma Torch ◽

Dc Plasma

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Numerical Simulation of Transient Flow Inside Nozzle on Gasoline Direct Injection Engine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.1237 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 466-467 ◽

pp. 1237-1241

Author(s):

Yan Hua Wang ◽

Shi Chun Yang ◽

Yun Qing Li

Keyword(s):

Kinetic Energy ◽

Transient Flow ◽

Direct Injection ◽

Flow Characteristics ◽

Internal Flow ◽

Turbulence Kinetic Energy ◽

Gasoline Direct Injection ◽

Injection Hole ◽

Gasoline Direct Injection Engine ◽

Nozzle Configuration

To achieve transient flow characteristics at exit of nozzle orifice on gasoline direct injection engine, two phase Euler-Euler schemes was used to simulate the internal flow of the swirl nozzle. Different flow characteristics were calculated in the simulation. Different kinds of nozzle configuration were studied. Cavitaion and swirl flow occured in the nozzles. Injection hole configuration matters more than area variation of swirl tangential slot to discharge coefficient of the studied nozzle. Discharge coefficient changes a little along the injection hole length. The area of the swirl tangrntial slot plays an important throttling action in nozzle internal flow. Smaller area of swirl tangential slot generates larger degree cavitation but smaller mean injection velocity. Turbulence kinetic energy changes with the time of cavitation and swirl field occurring and the nozzle configuration. Before the appearance of cavitation, smaller inclination angle of orifice can generate more turbulence kinetic energy. After that moment, turbulence kinetic energy varies with different configuration. Along injection hole length, turbulence kinetic energy obviously varies. These flow characteristics affect primary atomization and will be as input for next spray simulation. They are also applied to design reference for injection nozzle.

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Three-dimensional finite element modeling of dynamic arc behavior in a dc plasma torch

The 33rd IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, 2006. ICOPS 2006. IEEE Conference Record - Abstracts. ◽

10.1109/plasma.2006.1707251 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

J.P. Trelles ◽

E. Pfender ◽

J.V.R. Heberlein

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Finite Element Modeling ◽

Plasma Torch ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Dc Plasma ◽

Element Modeling ◽

Arc Behavior ◽

Dimensional Finite Element ◽

Three Dimensional Finite Element

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DC Plasma Torch Design and Performance

Handbook of Thermal Plasmas ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-12183-3_15-2 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1-63

Author(s):

Maher I. Boulos ◽

Pierre Fauchais ◽

Emil Pfender

Keyword(s):

Plasma Torch ◽

Dc Plasma ◽

Torch Design ◽

And Performance

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Nozzle Geometry Effect on Twin Jet Flow Characteristics

International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines ◽

10.1515/tjj-2019-0049 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muthuram A ◽

Thanigaiarasu S ◽

Rakesh Divvela ◽

Rathakrishnan Ethirajan

Keyword(s):

Mach Number ◽

Flow Characteristics ◽

Nozzle Geometry ◽

Ambient Atmosphere ◽

Free Jets ◽

Twin Jets ◽

Equivalent Area ◽

Nozzle Configuration ◽

Jet Nozzle ◽

Nozzle Geometries

AbstractEffect of nozzle geometries on the propagation of twin jet issuing from nozzles with circle-circle, circle-ellipse, circle-triangle, circle-square, circle-hexagon and circle-star geometrical combinations was investigated for Mach numbers 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8. In all the cases, both jets in the twin jet had the same Mach number. All the twin jets of this study are free jets, discharged into stagnant ambient atmosphere. The result of the twin jets issuing from circle-circle nozzle is kept as the reference in this study. For all the twin jet nozzles, the inter nozzle spacing; the distance between the nozzle axes (S) was 20 mm and all the nozzles had an equivalent area of 78.5 mm2. Thus for all the cases of the present study, S/D ratio is 2. The results show that the mixing of the combined jet, after the merging point is strongly influenced by the combined effect of the nozzle geometry and jet Mach number. Among the six different twin jet nozzle configuration studied, circle-square combination is found to be the most superior mixing promoter.

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Influence of the inlet gas velocity components on the survival of the vertex of gas in the plasma torch

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Physics ◽

10.1007/s40094-019-00357-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

M. Gharaeinia ◽

S. Saviz ◽

A. H. Sari

Keyword(s):

Plasma Torch ◽

Gas Injection ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Axial Component ◽

Plasma Structure ◽

Gas Velocity ◽

Dc Plasma ◽

Cold Gases ◽

Gas Viscosity

Abstract The vortex gas injection into plasma torch is considered as a method for reducing electrodes erosion. In order to investigate the effects of vortex gas injection on plasma structure, as well as the effect of gas viscosity on the rate of rotation, a three-dimensional nonequilibrium and time-dependent non-transferred DC plasma torch model has been simulated. Viewing the general characteristics of the plasma shows that the model works well. The results have shown that if the components of the inlet gas velocity are not properly selected, it is possible that the rotary effects of the gas are greatly depleted even before the gas reaches the cathode tip and plasma formation. In this case, only the change in the axial component of the gas causes changes in the structure of the plasma. Vortex reduction is also observed during the movement of cold gases. It is observed that the change in viscosity of gas has significant effects on the rate of the vortex.

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